人体解剖词汇 总论.doc

由整理于网络人体解剖词汇总论 1解剖学分类 (Classification ofAnatomy) anatomy 解剖学 * human anatomy, anthropotomy 人类解剖学 systematic anatomy 系统解剖学 regional (topographic) anatomy, topology局部解剖学 gross (macroscopic) anatomy 大体解剖学，巨视解剖学 microscopic anatomy 显微解剖学 macro-microscopic anatomy 巨-微解剖学 sectional anatomy 断面解剖学 pathological (morbid) anatomy 病理解剖学 neuroanatomy 神经解剖学 chemical neuroanatomy 化学解剖学 developmental anatomy 发生(或发育) histologic anatomy 组织解剖学 histology组织学 embryology 胚胎学 anthropology 人类学 2一般解剖学术语 (General AnatomicalTerms) dissection，dissect (v.)解剖，解剖标本 normality， normal (a.) 正常 abnormality , abnormal异常 variation变异 deformity, malformation 畸形 specimen标本 model模型 3. 方位术语 (Positional Terms) anatomical position 解剖学姿势 (1)方位的形容词(positional adjectives) inferior, lower 下 superior, upper 上 anterior 前侧 posterior 后侧 ventral (dorsal) 腹(背)侧 medial (lateral) 内(外)侧 intermediate 中间 internal, interior, inner, inside 内 external, exterior, outer, outside 外 superficial 浅 deep, profound 深 proximal (distal) 近(远)侧 ulnar (radial) 尺(桡)侧 tibial (fibular) 胫(腓)侧 palmar 掌侧 plantar 足底 left 左 right 右 middle 中 median 正中 (2) 轴和面(Axes and Planes) axis (pl. axes),axial (a.) 轴 vertical (perpendicular) axis, longitudinal axis 垂直轴, 纵轴 coronal (frontal) axis 冠(额)状轴 sagittal axis 矢状轴 plane (平)面 horizontal (transverse) plane 水平面, 横平面 coronal (frontal) plane 冠(额)状面 sagittal plane 矢状面 median sagittal plane 正中矢状面 transverse section 横切面 longitudinal section 纵切面 4. 人体的分部和分区 (Toponym and Zonation of the Human body) 头 (Head) heat 头(的) Skull，craniun，cranial (a.) 颅 front, frontal, region 额区 perietal region 顶区 occiput, occipital region 枕区 Face, facial (a.) 面 orbit, orbital region 眶区 nose, nasal region 鼻区 mouth, oral region 口区 chin, mental region 颌区 ear, auditory region 耳区 颈 (Neck) neck, collum, cervical & jugular (a.) 颈 anterior region of neck, anterior of neck 颈前区 carotid triangle 颈动脉三角 muscular triangle 肌三角,肩胛舌骨肌气管三角 sternocleidomastoid region 胸锁乳突肌区 supraclavicular triangle 锁骨上三角 posterior region of neck, nuchal region 颈后区,项区 nape, nucha, nuchal (a.) 项 root of neck 颈根部 躯干 (Trunk) trunk, truncus 躯干 Median anterior line 前正中线 sternal line 胸骨线 parasternal line 胸骨旁线 midclavicular line 锁骨中线 anterior (posterior) axillary line 腋前(后) 线 midaxillary line 腋中线 scapular line 肩胛线 median posterior line 后正中线 Back, dorsal 背 vertebral region 脊柱区 sacral region 骶区 scapular region 肩胛下区 lumbar region 腰 Chest, thorax, thoracic (a.) 胸 sternal region 胸骨(前)区 infraclavicular fossa 锁骨下窝 Abdomen, abdominal (a.) 腹 Hypochondriac 季肋区 epigastric region 腹上区 lateral region of abdomem 腹外侧区 umbilical region 脐区 inguinal region, iliac region, 腹股沟区， 髂区 inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角，海氏三角 pubic region, hypogastric region 耻区，腹下区 Pelvis,pelvic(a. ) 盆部 Perineum,perineal (a.) 会阴 anal region 肛区 urogenital region 尿生殖区 四肢 (Limbs) limbs, extremities 四肢 Upper limbs (extremities) 上肢 Shoulder 肩 axilla, axillary region 腋区 Free upper limb 自由上肢 arm,brachial (a.) 臂 anterior (posterior ) brachial region 臂前(后)区 elbow, cubital, (a.) 肘 forearm, antebrachial (a.) 前臂 anterior (posterior ) antebrachial region 前 臂前(后)区 hand, manual (a.) 手 wrist, carpal (a.) 腕 palm, palmar, metacarpal (a.) 掌 back (palm) of hand 手背(掌) finger, digital (a.) 手指 thumb 拇指 index finger 示指 middle finger 中指 ring finger 环指 little finger 小指 Lower limb 下肢 hip, coxal (a.) 髋 buttock, gluteal region 臀区 Free lower limb 自由下肢 anterior (posterior) region of thigh 股前 (后)区 femoral triangle 股三角 medial region of thigh 股内侧区 knee, geniculate (a.) 膝 anterior (posterior) region of knee 膝前 (后)区 leg, crural (a.) 小