模具专业英语1.ppt

UnitOneLesson1ToolMaterials 教学目标及要求1 掌握课文中有关工具钢方面的专业词汇和专业术语 2 结合工具钢的相关专业知识阅读课文 提高翻译能力 重点1 工具钢的专业词汇和专业术语 2 翻译课文 工具材料种类词汇 金属材料的物理 力学性能词汇 难句分析及翻译的基础知识Part 翻译的基础知识简介一 什么是翻译 教学思路设计时间分配 共100min 1 讲解课文中的专业词汇和术语 2 讲解课后生词 大声朗读 3 翻译课文 注意穿插相关专业知识 4 分析难点句型 讲解翻译的基础知识 5 学生答疑 Contents BackgroundKnowledgeNewWordsandPhrasedQuestionsGlossaryofTermsTextAnalysisLanguagePoints TranslatingTechniquesReadingMaterialsSummaryReferences 工具钢工具钢是用以制造切削刀具 量具 模具和耐磨工具的钢种 工具钢具有较高的硬度和在高温下能保持高硬度 红硬性 以及高的耐磨性和适当的韧性 工具钢一般分为碳素工具钢 合金工具钢和高速工具钢三种 carbontoolsteelsToolsteelsalloytoolsteelshighspeedtoolsteels BackgroundKnowledge NewWordsandExpressions Terms 1 Metal 金属iron铁steel钢aluminum铝magnesium镁zinc锌bismuth铋copper铜lead铅 2 Non metal 非金属wood木材plastics塑料rubber橡胶ceramics陶瓷材料diamond金刚石epoxyresin环氧树脂 NewWordsandExpressions 3 Characateristics 性能 特性strength强度hardness硬度toughness韧性brittleness脆性plasticity塑性 可塑性ductility可锻性malleability可延压性 NewWordsandExpressions elasticity弹性wearresistance耐磨性dimensionalstability尺寸稳定性thermalconductivity导热性electricalconductivity导电性rateofthermalexpansion热膨胀率meltingpoint熔点moldulusofelasticity弹性模量 Text TheThreeMajorCategoriesofToolMaterials Ferroustoolmaterialshaveironasabasemetalandincludetoolsteel alloysteel carbonsteel andcastiron Nonferrousmaterialshaveabasemetalotherthanironandincludealuminum magnesium zinc lead bismuth copper andavarietyofalloys Nonmetallicmaterialsarethosematerialssuchaswoods plastics rubbers epoxyresins ceramics anddiamondsthatdonothaveametallicbase Text PhysicalAndMechanicalPropertiesofaMaterial Physicalpropertiesarethosepropertieswhicharenaturalinthematerialandcannotbepermanentlyalteredwithoutchangingthematerialitself Include weight color thermalandelectricalconductivity rateofthermalexpansion andmeltingpoint Themechanicalpropertiesofamaterialarethosepropertieswhichcanbepermanentlyalteredbythermalormechanicaltreatment Include strength hardness wearresistance toughness brittleness plasticity ductility malleability andmodulusofelasticity 力学性能 物理性能 Questions Whatismeantbytheterm physicalpropertiesofamaterial Whatarethemechanicalpropertiesofamaterial Whatmakesamaterialeitherferrousornonferrous Whataresomeapplicationsoftoolsteels GlossaryofTerms 1 carbidetool硬质合金刀具 2 alloytoolsteel合金工具钢 3 alloycastiron合金铸铁 4 carbonsteel碳素钢 5 carbontoolsteel碳素工具钢 6 castiron铸铁 7 caststeel铸钢 8 dieblocksteel模具钢 9 diematerial模具材料 10 freecuttingsteel易切削钢 11 highalloysteel高合金钢 12 highcarbonsteel高碳钢 13 lowalloysteel低合金钢 14 lowcarbonsteel低碳钢 15 shockresistanttoolsteel抗冲击工具钢 16 coldworktool die steel冷作工具 模具 钢 17 hotworktool die steel热作工具 模具 钢 18 nodulargraphiteiron球墨铸铁19 malleablecastiron可锻铸铁 20 mottledcastiron麻口铸铁 ReadingMaterials CarbonSteelsCarbonsteelsareusedextensivelyintoolconstruction Carbonsteelsarethosesteelswhichonlycontainironandcarbon andsmallamountsofotheralloyingelements Carbonsteelsarethemostcommonandleastexpensivetypeofsteelusedfortools CarbonSteels Thethreeprincipaltypesofcarbonsteelsusedfortoolingarelowcarbon mediumcarbon andhighcarbonsteels Lowcarbonsteelcontainscarbonbetween0 05 and0 3 Mediumcarbonsteelcontainscarbonbetween0 3 and0 7 Andhighcarbonsteelcontainscarbonbetween0 7 and1 5 Asthecarboncontentisincreasedincarbonsteel thestrength toughness andhardnessarealsoincreasedwhenthemetalisheattreated Lowcarbonsteelsaresoft toughsteelsthatareeasilymachinedandwelded Duetotheirlowcarboncontent thesesteelscannotbehardenedexceptbycasehardening Lowcarbonsteelsarewellsuitedforthefollowingapplications toolbodies handles dieshoes andsimilarsituationswherestrengthandwearresistancearenotrequired Mediumcarbonsteelsareusedwheregreaterstrengthandtoughnessisrequired Sincemediumcarbonsteelshaveahighercarboncontent theycanbeheattreatedtomakepartssuchasstuds pins axles andnuts Steelsinthisgrouparemoreexpensiveaswellasmoredifficulttomachineandweldthanlowcarbonsteels Highcarbonsteelsarethemosthardenabletypeofcarbonsteelandareusedfrequentlyforpartswherewearresistanceisanimportantfactor Otherapplicationswherehighcarbonsteelsarewellsuitedincludedrillbushings locators andwearpads Sincethecarboncontentofthesesteelsissohigh partsmadefromhighcarbonsteelarenormallydifficulttomachineandweld AlloySteels Alloysteelsarebasicallycarbonsteelswithadditionalelementsaddedtoalterthecharacteris ticsandbringaboutapredictablechangeinthemechanicalpropertiesofthealloyedmetal Alloysteelsarenotnormallyusedformosttoolsduetotheirincreasedcost butsomehavebeenfoundfavorforspecialapplications Thealloyingelementsusedmostofteninsteelsaremanganese nickel molybdenumandchromium Anothertypeofalloysteelfrequentlyusedfortoolingapplicationsisstainlesssteel Stainlesssteelisatermusedtodescribehighchromiumandnickel chromiumsteels Thesesteelsareusedfortoolswhichmustresisthightemperaturesandcorrosiveatmospheres DieSteels Thediematerialisrelevantdirectlytothedielifeaswellasdiecost Recently thecommonlyuseddiesteelforcoldblankingisasfollows ThecarbontoolsteelT8A T10A T12Aarethecheapestandthemostwidelyused Itshardnessafterannealingislowerthanthatofthealloysteel Ithasgoodmachiningproperty andtheprocessofforging annealingandquenchingiseasytobemastered Itissuitabletomanufacturetheworkingpartsoftheblankingdiewithsmallsizeandsimpleshape Butitshardenabilityandabrasion resistantarebad itsquenchdistortionislargeanditsworkinglifeisshort Thelowalloytoolsteel suchasCrWMn 9CrSi 9Mn2Vetc canbequenchedbyoil thereforeithasagoodhardenabilityandasmallquenchdistortion ComparingwithT10A 9Mn2Vhasahigherhardnessandabrasion resistance andalsohasagoodmachiningproperty Materialsformanufacturingthediepartsandtheirbestheattreatmentrules LanguagePoints TranslatingTechniques Example1 Toproperlyselectatoolmaterial thereareseveralphysicalandmechanicalpropertiesyoushouldunderstandtodeterminehowthematerialsyouselectwillaffectthefunctionandoperationofthetool 为了选择工具材料 你应当掌握材料的一些物理性能和力学性能 以便确定所选材料对工具的功能和操作会有何影响 不定式toproperlyselectatoolmaterial放在句首用作目的状语 youselect为定语从句修饰前面的thematerials Example2 Agreateffortismadetokeepporosity segregation impurities andnonmetallicinclusionstoaslowalevelaspossible 对于工具钢的冶炼 要最大限度地降低钢中的气孔 偏析 杂质以及非金属夹杂物的含量 这里的agreateffortismade是makeagreateffort的被动形式 意为 尽一切努力或尽量 在科技英语中表示主语为 人们 的时候 一般使用被动结构或者用one做主语的主动句 Example3 Fromacompositionstandpoint toolsteelsarecarbonalloysteelswhicharecapableofbeinghardenedandtempered 从化学组成来说 工具钢是能够被淬硬并能经过回火变韧的碳素合金钢 这里限定性定语从句whicharecapableofbeinghardenedandtempered修饰先行词carbonalloysteels and连接两个并列的一般式动名词被动结构 做of的宾语 capableofbeinghardenedandtempered做主语补足语 Part 翻译的基础知识简介一 什么是翻译翻译是各个不同民族之间进行沟通和交流的工具 翻译本身是一种语言活动 是利用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的内容重新表达出来 翻译与创作不同 翻译者不能任意地表达自己的思想 他只能准确而完整地传达原作的思想内容 然而各民族之间由于文化背景的不同 生活习惯的差异 在语言的表达上也必然存在着千差万别 各有其特点 各有其规律 翻译即是通过不同语言的特点 规律的对比 找出相应的表达手段 Example4 试看下面的例子 Lathesizesrangefromverylittlelatheswiththelengthoft