如何写高水平的SCI论文：基本结构与思路-LenaMa教授.pdf

如何写高水平的如何写高水平的如何写高水平的如何写高水平的SCISCISCISCI论文论文论文论文 基本结构与思路基本结构与思路基本结构与思路基本结构与思路 Lena Qiying MaLena Qiying Ma Professor 海外杰青海外杰青 长江讲座教授长江讲座教授 Biogeochemistry of Trace Metals Soil and Water Science Department University of Florida OutlineOutline Introduction University of Florida Soil and Water Science Department Our research program How to write SCI paper University of Florida A public comprehensive research university Top 50 AAU university With lowest tuition and low cost of living in US 4thlargest 48 000 students in 2002 4 000 faculty A top ten soil department in US 30 faculties and 120 graduates Research areas Management of nutrients pesticides and wastes Remediation of contaminated soils waters and aquifers Soil quality ecological indicators Soil landscape analysis Wetlands and aquatic systems http soils ifas ufl edu Soil and Water Science Department http lqma ifas ufl edu Research projectsResearch projects 152 papers with H 31 152 papers with H 31 Soil contamination and remediation 1 Phytoremediation of arsenic contaminated soils and water using ferns 69 2 Field demonstration of metal immobilization in contaminated soils using P amendments 21 3 Biogeochemistry of lead at shooting ranges in Florida 7 4 Colloid facilitated contaminant transport in saturated media and contaminated soils Pb Hg and antibiotics 5 5 Metal removal from contaminated water and soils using biochars Pb Cr and Hg 2 Land application of industrial wastes 6 Background concentrations of trace metals in Florida soils urban and non urban 13 7 Ash sludge application on soil 2 Pb desorption from biochars and 3 the functional groups responsible for Pb sorption onto biochars MethodsMethods Report what you did to repeat the findings No laundry list Assume readers have the same basic skills Target graduate students Last paragraph provides statistical tests used http owl english purdue edu owl resource 559 03 Materials MethodsMaterials Methods 2 1 Soil characterization 2 2 Experimental setup 2 3 Soil and plant analysis 2 4 Fractionation of arsenic 2 5 Statistical analysis Effects of plant arsenic uptake and heavy metals on soil arsenic distribution Identify the novel aspects of the results What is new and what makes it non obvious Identify the significance of the results Implicated improvements and impact Briefly describe experiment without details A sentence or two http www cs columbia edu hgs etc writing style html ResultsResults Responses of nonResponses of non protein thiols to Cd protein thiols to Cd exposure in Cd hyperaccumulator exposure in Cd hyperaccumulator ArabisArabis paniculata paniculata FranchFranch ResultsResults In this experiment we determined plant biomass and concentrations of Cd and non protein thiols GSH and PCs in A paniculata after exposing to different Cd concentrations 0 50 100 and 250 M for different times 2w and 3w with or without BSO Order multiple results properly Physical Organ by organ chemical class by chemical class Chronological Spatial Logical Most to least important Simple to complex Logical order http www biochem arizona edu marc sci writing pdf ResultsResults http web archive org web 20010620075413 www hms harvard edu fdd comm two html 3 1 Plant growth 3 2 Cd accumulation 3 3 Non protein thiols accumulation w and w o BSO Cysteine GSH PCs Responses of nonResponses of non protein thiols to Cd protein thiols to Cd exposure in Cd hyperaccumulator exposure in Cd hyperaccumulator ArabisArabis paniculata paniculata FranchFranch Figures tablesFigures tables Must have a caption Using a capitalized name Figure 1 Table 1 Ethylene glycol process flow sheet Should stand alone as much as possible Compare multiple plots in one page If the result is too cluttered use different graphs Keep the scales consistent to compare Include error bars http www ent ohiou edu valy techwrite html ResultsResults DiscussionDiscussionDiscussionDiscussion Summarize the results in first paragraph Move from specific to general Your findings literature theory practice Interpret data in light of published results Highlight the most significant results http www biochem arizona edu marc Sci Writing pdf Uptake and translocation of arsenite Uptake and translocation of arsenite and arsenate by and arsenate by Pteris vittataPteris vittata L L effects of silicon boron and mercuryeffects of silicon boron and mercury Results Effects of Si and B on plant arsenic uptake and translocation Effects of Si and B on arsenic speciation in the growth media and plants Effects of Hg on arsenic uptake and speciation in P vittata Effects of Hg on arsenic speciation in the growth media Uptake and translocation of arsenite Uptake and translocation of arsenite and arsenate by and arsenate by Pteris vittataPteris vittata L L effects of silicon boron and mercuryeffects of silicon boron and mercury Discussion Si B and Hg had no effects on AsIII and AsV uptake by P vittata P vittata was more efficient in taking up AsIII than AsV in the presence of P P vittata was more efficient in AsIII uptake than AsIII translocation Both AsIII oxidation and AsV reduction occurred in the roots of P vittata DiscussionDiscussion Summarize the results in first paragraph Move from specific to general Your findings literature theory practice Interpret data in light of published results Highlight the most significant results http www biochem arizona edu marc Sci Writing pdf Conclusion Under our hydroponic condition Cd hyperaccumulator A paniculata tolerated 100 M after 3w of exposure with no biomass reduction or phytotoxicity symptom data not shown Both GSH and PCs did not contribute to Cd tolerance in the shoots and Cd root to shoot transport in A paniculata The facts that 1 Cd exposure increased the concentrations of GSH and PCs in the roots and 2 the addition of BSO a potent inhibitor of the ECS reduced Cd accumulation in the roots and 3 the molar ratios of PCs Cd in the roots were close to the value expected to PC mediated Cd sequestration in plants implies the potential role of GSH and PCs in Cd accumulation and Cd complexation in the roots of A paniculata Responses of nonResponses of non protein thiols to Cd protein thiols to Cd exposure in Cd hyperaccumulator exposure in Cd hyperaccumulator ArabisArabis paniculata paniculata FranchFranch Scientific writingScientific writing Writing order http web archive org web 20011127041109 www hms harvard edu fdd comm index html 1 Method 2 Results 3 Introduction 4 Discussion 5 Abstract 6 Title Use of tense Use of tense Verb tense All formal technical writing uses the past tense Describing methods and results Use present tense for things that are true when the author writes about them and will still