牛津英语模块7unit2Reading.ppt

Unit2 Unit2Fitforlife Welcometotheunit Asweallknow healthisveryimportanttoeveryone Doyouknowhowtokeephealthy Lead in rightfood regularexercise Whatwillyoudowhenyoudon tfeelwell takemedicine haveaninjection 1 Doyouknowwhatkindofmedicinesortreatmentsweneedwhenwecatchacold getastomachacheorbreakaleg 2 Canyoulistasmanyjobsaspossiblethatrelatetomedicine Workinpairs 1 apersonwhopreparesandsellsmedicine2 apersonwhoexaminespeople seyestoseeiftheyneedtowearglasses achemist aneyedoctor Aguessinggame 3 apersonwhotakescareofpeople steeth4 apersonwhohasgeneralskilltotreatphysicalproblems5 apersonwhoperformsmedicaloperations6 apersonwhohelpsdoctorstolookafterpatients adentist aphysician asurgeon anurse Whataretheirjobs Chemist Whataretheydoing Whatcanacupuncturedo Whatarethedoctorsandnursesdoing Whataretheydoing Doyouhavegoodeyesight Howcanyouprotectyoureyes HaveyoueverusedtraditionalChinesemedicine Whatwasitlike Discussion ReadingTwolife savingmedicines What sthismedicinecalledinEnglish aspirin Andwhat sthismedicinecalledinEnglish penicillin Haveyouevertakenaspirinandpenicillin 1 Whatarethetwomedicinesmentionedinthearticle 2 Whenwaspenicillinfirstdiscovered 3 WhatawarddidFleming FloreyandChainshare In1928 35 TheNobelPrizeinMedicine 54 Aspirinandpenicillin Readquicklyandfindtheanswerstothefollowingquestions Fastreading Whendidpeoplefindthatdrinkingaspecialteacouldreducefeverandpain 2 Whenwasaspirinfirstmade In1897 12 Readthepassagecarefullyandanswersomedetailedquestions Detailedreading About3 500yearsago 8 3 Whatotherthingscanaspirinhelpwithbesidesreducingfeverandpain Itcanalsohelpreducetheriskofheartattacksbythinningblood preventastrokes reducetheriskofsomecancers increasethelengthofpeople slivesandhelpwithdiabetes 4 WheredidAlexanderFlemingfindpenicillin Inamouldthatkilledbacteria 38 39 5 WhatillnessesdidFlemingthinkthemouldmightbeusedtotreat Itmightbeusedtotreatillnessescausedbybacteria 41 42 6 WhatdifficultiesdidFleminghaveindevelopingpenicillinasadrug Firsthewasunabletofindaproceduretomakepenicillinpureenoughtoworkasamedicine Second itwasdifficulttoproducepenicillinintheamplequantitiesneededtobeeffective 43 45 Thedevelopmentofaspirin soldinshopsintheformoftablets 16 provedtoreducetheriskofheartattacks 23 21 Readthepassageagainandtrytofillinthefollowingform Furtherreading usedtopreventastrokes 24 usedtoreducebloodsugarlevels 28 Thedevelopmentofpenicillin discoveredbyAlexanderFleming 34 madeandtestedinlargequantities 45 48 massproductionbegan 49 50 1revolution2beneficial3possess4circulate5astonish6approval7accelerate ahavingagoodeffectbsurprisesomeoneverymuchcagreementtogoaheadwithaplanoranideadhaveorownsomethingemakesomethinghappenfasterthanusualfagreatchangethataffectsmanypeoplegmovearoundaplaceorsystemwithoutstopping Newdrugsarefoundinmanydifferentways Somevitalmedicineshavebeenfoundbecausescientistswerelookingforthem Readthispassageabouthownewdrugsarediscovered Completeitwiththewordsinthebox applicationunablesicknessespotentialabnormaleffective Forexample DrFelixHoffmannknewofdifferenttraditionalmedicinesthatcouldprovidereliefforsymptomssuchasfeverandpain However thesetraditionalmedicineshadthe ofeithercausingpeopletobleedorhaveaseverestomachupset ortheyweretooweaktobe applicationunablesicknessespotentialabnormaleffective potential effective DrHoffmannwasabletopickoutoneofthesetraditionalmedicinesandmakeitmorebeneficial Thus aspirinwasborn Today researchersallovertheworldareexploringtraditionalmedicinestoseehowtheycanbeimprovedandappliedinmodernmedicine Otherdrugsarediscoveredbyaccident Forexample AlexanderFlemingwasnotlookingforpenicillin butwasdoingresearchonsomethingelse Flemingwouldhavebeen tomakehisdiscoveryifhehadignoredthemould Sinceitwas formouldtobeinthatlabdish somethingmusthavegonewrong Perhapsthedishhadnotbeencleanedusingtheproperprocedures applicationunablesicknessespotentialabnormaleffective unable abnormal Perhapsawindowhadbeenopened andthemouldhadbeencarriedinbythewind Wewillneverknow However withthe ofhisdiscovery millionsofpeoplehavebeencuredofdifferent Whatotherhappyaccidentsmayhappeninthefuture savingmanylives applicationunablesicknessespotentialabnormaleffective sicknesses application 1 Whatwouldtheworldbelikeifthetwomedicineshadnotbeendiscovered 2 DoyoubelievethatmewmedicineswillbeinventedtotreatdiseaseslikeAIDSinthefuture Discussion Languagepoints 1 Nearly3500yearsago peoplechewedonleavesordrankakindofteamadefromleavespossessingaspecialchemicaltoreducebodypainandfever 8 10 possessvt 拥有 具有e g Theprovincepossessesrichmineralresources 该省拥有丰富的矿藏 2 Thefirsttrialsofthismedicinetookplacein1899 whenthecompanyHoffmannworkedforbegandistributingthemedicineinpowerformtophysicianstousewithpatients 1 trialn 试验e g Thetrialsshowthatsmokingwilldoharmtopeople 试验显示抽烟对人体有害 2 短语in form intheformof 意为 以 形式 e g Manypeopleexpresstheirneedsintheformofcomplaints 许多人通过抱怨来表达自己的需求 3 Notonlyhasaspirinprovedvitalforreducingfeverandhelpingstoppain buttherearealsootherthingsthat 18 vitaladj 极其重要的 必不可少的当它作表语并后接从句时 从句中的谓语要用 should 动词原形 的形式 e g Itisvitalthateverypieceofequipment should becheckedbeforetheexperiment 实验之前检查所有设备是至关重要的 4 Flemingtriedthismouldoutonanotherbacteriumandfoundthatitkilledthebacteriumtoo 38 39 trysomethingouton 在 上试验某物 e g Thedrughasnotbeentriedoutonhumansyet 这种药物尚未进行过人体试验 5 LawrenceCraven adoctorfromtheUSA introducedtheideain1953thataspirinhadthepotentialtoreducetheriskofheartattacks becauseithelpedthebloodcirculatebetter 19 22 circulatevi vt 循环 传播 散布 传递 传阅 e g ThedocumentwaspreviouslycirculatedinNewYorkattheUnitedNations 这份文件先前在纽约的联合国总部传阅过 Cookingodorscancirculatethroughouttheentirehouse 做饭的香味可以传到家里的各个角落 6 Second itwasdifficulttoproducepenicillinintheamplequantitiesneededtobeeffective 44 45 effectiveadj 有效的 实际的 事实上的 生效的e g Simpleantibioticsareeffectiveagainstthisorganism 一般的抗生素能够有效对抗这种微生物 Theyhavehadeffectivecontroloftheareasincethesecurityforcesleft 自从安全部队撤离后 他们实际上控制了该地区 Thenewruleswillbecomeeffectiveinthenextfewdays 新规定将在几天后生效 1 Nearly3 500yearsago peoplechewedonleavesordrankakindofteamadefromleavespossessingaspecialchemicaltoreducebodypainsandfever 8 10 难句解析 句子结构分析 句中madefromleaves是过去分词短语 用作 的后置定语 possessingaspecialchemical是现在分词短语 用作 的后置定语 akindoftea leaves 2 Itwasin1897thataEuropeanchemistcalledDrFelixHoffmannproducedaspirinfromthismedical 12 13 1 句子结构分析 这是一个强调句型 对时间 in1897 进行强调 aEuropeanchemistproducedaspirin为句子主干 calledDrFelixHoffmann为动词过去分词短语作 fromthischemical为介词短语作 定语 状语 2 语言知识分析 Itwasin1897that 强调时间 in1897 意为 就是在1897年 aEuropeanchemistcalledDrFelixHoffmann意为 一个名叫DrFelixHoffmann的欧洲化学家 calledDrFelixHoffmann相当于定语从句whowascalledDrFelixHoffmann 3 Thefirsttrialsofthismedicinetookplacein1899 whenthecompanyHoffmannworkedforbegandistributingthemedicineinpowderformtophysicianstousewithpatients 13 15 1 句子结构分析 在这个长句中 Thefirsttrialsofthismedicinetookplacein1899是主句 whenthecompany 是定语从句 修饰时间1899 在定语从句中 thecompanybegandistributingthemedicinetophysicians是主句 Hoffmannworkedfor是定语从句 修饰company tousewithpatients作目的状语 2 语言知识分析 thecompanyHoffmannworkedfor意为 Hoffmann为之工作的公司 4 Notonlyhasaspirinprovedvitalforreducingfeverandhelpingstoppain buttherearealsootherthingsthataspirincanhelpwith 18 19 句子结构分析 1 句中notonly位于句首 其所在的分句要用倒装结构 but also 后的分句不用倒装 如 Notonlydidthepoormanlosehisjob buthe