浙江省2018中考英语复习教材知识梳理篇第22课时九上Modules7_8精讲试题外研版.docx

第22课时九年级上册Modules 78,基础知识巩固温馨提示：建议在掌握重点单词、短语及句型后，趁热打铁，完成默写手册P3031对应内容，以达到巩固、自测的效果。重点单词1.discuss v. 讨论；谈论2wise adj. 有判断力的；明智的 3review n. 评论(文章)4influence v. 影响；作用于5sense n. 道理；意义；合理性6suppose v. 猜想；推测；相信；认为7wellknown adj. 众所周知的；著名的8adventure n. 冒险(经历)9escape v. 逃离；逃脱10cave n. 洞穴 11dead adj. 死的；去世的12neighbour n. 邻居 13funeral n. 葬礼14.surprised adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的15alive adj. 活着的16southern adj. 南方的 17state n. 州；邦18action n. 举止；行为；情节19everyday adj. 日常的；普通的 20.dialogue n. 对话21memory n. 记忆；回忆22point n. 比分23decision n. 决定24excuse n. (辩解的)理由；借口25noon n. 中午；正午26seat n. 座椅；座位 27.fair adj. 公平的；合理的28kick v. 踢 29mad adj. 生气的；恼火的30ability n. 能力 31.race n. 赛跑；比赛32record v. 记录 n最佳纪录33method n. 方法；办法34Japan 日本35break v. 打破(纪录)；打碎36Asian adj. 亚洲的；亚洲人的37suffer v. 患有(疾病等)；经受38courage n. 勇气；胆量 39pride n. 自豪感；骄傲词汇拓展1.wellknown adj. 众所周知的；著名的famous (同义词)2surprised adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的surprising adj. 使人惊讶的surprise v. 使吃惊3wise adj. 有判断力的；明智的wisely adv.明智地；聪明地4Japan 日本Japanese adj. 日本(人)的 n. 日本人；日语5Asian adj. 亚洲(人)的Asia n. 亚洲Asian n. 亚洲人6south n. 南方southern adj. 南方的7.fair adj. 公平的；合理的unfair(反义词)不公平的；不合理的fairness n. 公平；合理8pride n. 自豪感；骄傲proud adj. 自豪的；骄傲的9break v. 打破(纪录)；打碎broke (过去式)broken (过去分词)10review n. 评论(文章)reviewer n. 评论家重点短语1.make sense易理解；合情理；有意义2by the way顺便提一下3get into trouble遇上麻烦4run away逃走；逃跑5for a time一小段时间；一度；一时6pay for为付出代价7morethan与其说是不如说是8grow up长大；成熟；成长9laugh at嘲笑10in return转而；反过来；作为回报11get lost迷路12all the time一直；总是13write down写下14in the form of用的形式15stand for是的缩写；代表16no way决不；不可能17.high jump跳高18suffer from受(某种病痛)折磨；因而受苦19first place第一名；冠军20stop sb.(from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事21take pride in感到自豪22be mad at sb.对某人发狂23leave sb.out of sth.使某人摆脱某事24encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事25set up建起；设立26the 110m hurdles race 110米跨栏比赛27break the Olympic Games record打破奥运纪录28a symbol of 的象征29take up占用(时间、空间等)30advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事31prepare for为做准备续表重点句型1.Their works are still read by many people today.他们的作品至今仍然被一些人阅读。2Were still influenced by Confuciuss ideas.我们仍然被孔子的思想所影响。3It is still read and loved by people all over the world.它(汤姆索亚历险记这本书)仍然被全世界的人们阅读和喜爱。4Daming wasnt chosen for the team last time.上次大明没有被选入队里。5He was invited to competitions around the world.他被邀请加入全世界的竞赛中。6But I think Id describe Confucius more as a teacher and thinker than a writer.但是我更愿意把孔子描述为一位教育家兼思想家，而非作家。 7.I suppose he isnt as wellknown as Confucius or Shakespeare.我猜想他不如孔子和莎士比亚有名。8Shakespeares plays also make a lot of sense to us today.莎士比亚的戏剧现在对于我们来说也仍然很有意义。 9.It tells how young people grow，how people love each other and how bad people pay for their actions.它(该书)讲述了年轻人如何成长、人们如何彼此相亲相爱以及坏人如何为他们的行为付出代价。 10.It is thought to be one of the greatest American stories.人们认为这本书是美国最好的小说之一。11What does HAS stand for？HAS代表什么？12How many matches have you played against HAS this year？今年你们打了多少场对抗HAS的比赛？13Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump.起初，刘(翔)被鼓励参加跳高训练。14In 2001，a special programme was set up to help young sportsmen and sportswomen.2001年，(国家)创立了一个特殊项目，用来帮助年轻运动员。15. But he is still a symbol of courage and success，and we continue to take great pride in him.但是，他(刘翔)仍然是成功和勇气的象征，我们依然为他感到十分骄傲。,重难词句选析1influence v. 影响；作用于(教材P56)【点拨】influence作动词，意为“影响；作用于”。如：What he said influenced my decision.他说的话影响了我的决定。【拓展】influence还可以作名词。当作不可数名词时，意为“影响力；作用”；作可数名词时，常用搭配have an influence on，意为“对有影响”。如：The Internet has a strong influence on children.互联网对孩子们的影响很大。influence词性及其对应短语解析【即时训练】根据汉语提示补全句子。(1)Perhaps nanotechnology(纳米技术) will _influence_(影响)medicine most greatly.(2)Do you believe that we can have an important _influence_ (影响) on anyone we meet?2suppose v. 猜想；推测；相信；认为(教材P56) 【点拨】suppose作动词，意为“推断；料想”，常见用法如下：(1)It is supposedthat从句，表示推测，意为“认为；假定；假如”。如：It is supposed that he was at home at that time.据推测，那个时候他在家。(2)suppose用于祈使句，表示“让”。如：Suppose we have a rest.我们休息一会吧。(3)suppose 宾语 to be，表示“认为是”。如：We suppose him to be over 50 years old.我们认为他有50多岁了。(4)sb.be supposed to do sth.表示“某人应该做某事”，相当于should。如：You are supposed to give your seat to the old on the bus.在公交车上你应该给老年人让座位。【即时训练】第(1)(2)题根据汉语意思写单词；第(3)题句型转换。(1)I dont _suppose_(认为) she will go camping with us.(2)I knocked into a tree when I went to the bus stop with my friend. I_suppose_(猜想)you were driving too fast.(3)Students are supposed to wear school uniforms in school.(改为同义句)Students _should_wear_ school uniforms in school.3alive adj. 活着的(教材P58)【辨析】alive，living，live与lively词汇含义指示对象用法例句alive活的；有生命的指人或物表语，后置定语，补语She wanted to keep the fish alive.living活着；健在的指人或物定语或表语English is a living language.live活着的；现场直播指物定语或表语a live fish/a live broadcast.lively活泼的；充满生气的指人或物定语，表语或宾补Jenny is a lively girl.【即时训练】单项选择。(A)The football match was televised_ from the Rio Olympic Stadium. AliveBaliveClivingDlively4and it is thought to be one of the greatest American stories.人们认为这本书是美国最好的小说之一。(教材P58)【点拨】“It is thought to be”的意思是“人们认为”，相当于“People think”或“It is thought that”。如：He is thought to be a wise man.People think he is a wise man.It is thought that he is a wise man.人们认为他是一个明智的人。【拓展】类似的结构还有：It is said to be/It is said that据说It is reported to be/It is reported that据报道It is believed to be/It is believed that人们相信It is known to be/It is known that众所周知【即时训练】根据汉语意思完成句子。据说他是世界上最富有的人。He_is_said_to_be_ the richest man in the world._Its_said_that_he is the richest man in the world. 5.What does HAS stand for？HAS代表什么？(教材P64)【点拨】stand for意为“是的缩写；代表；意味着”，该短语不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。如：Do you know what GPS stands for？你知道GPS代表什么吗？USA stands for the United States of America.USA是United States of America的缩写。【拓展】stand for 还可以表示“支持”，相当于support。如：Ill always stand for you no matter what you do.无论你做什么，我都会支持你。【即时训练】单项选择。(C)The sportsperson stands _ China to compete with others from other countries.AupBtoCforDwith6Liu was encouraged at first to train for the high jump.起初，刘(翔)被鼓励参加跳高训练。(教材P66)【点拨】这是一个被动语态的句子，其构成形式为“主语be及物动词的过去分词”。encourage sb.to do sth.表示“鼓励某人做某事”，本句中，encourage 一词用了被动语态，表示刘翔“被鼓励去做某事”。如：Ms Wang always encourages us to speak English in class.We are always encouraged by Ms Wang to speak English in class.王老师总是鼓励我们课上讲英语。【即时训练】根据汉语意思完成句子。(1)如今，英语被全世界的人们广泛运用。Nowadays，English _is_ widely _used_by people all over the world.(2)当我每次考试不及格的时候，父母总是鼓励我不要灰心。My parents always _encourage_me_not_to_ give up when I fail the exams every time.7It is a pity that his foot problem stopped him from completing the 2012 London Olympic Games.很遗憾，他的脚部问题使他未能完成2012年伦敦奥运会比赛。(教材P66)【点拨】stop sb.(from)doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。相近的词组还有：keep sb.from doing sth.和prevent sb.(from) doing sth.。在主动语态中，stop/prevent sb.(from)doing sth.中的from可以省略，但是在被动语态中不可以；而keep sb.from doing sth.无论是在主动语态中还是在被动语态中，from均不能省略。如：The heavy rain kept us from going out.大雨使我们无法外出。Nothing can prevent me from winning the match.什么都不能阻止我赢得比赛。【即时训练】用所给词的适当形式填空。(1)We should stop them from _cutting_(cut) down the trees.(2)What stopped you from _coming_(come) to the party?,当堂练习检测.用方框中所给单词或词语的适当形式填空。每词仅用一次。read, invite, pay for, pride, discuss 1I was _invited_ to Lisas home for dinner last night.2Each of us _read_the story and had different feelings about it.3I want to join an Internet group _to_discuss_ great book by great writers.4All Chinese people take _pride_ in him because he has won many gold medals.5If you continue to do bad things，you will _pay_for_ what you did one day.根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。Set in the 1._state_(州) of Missouri，in the US，The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is a lively story full of fun.Tom ，the hero of the book，lives with his 2._aunt_(婶婶) Polly.He doesnt like people telling him what to do，so he and his friend Huck run away to an island.At first，they are happy.But when they hear that everyone thinks they are 3._dead_(死的)，they feel very sorry，so they come back home.They 4._hide_(躲藏) and watch for a time when they see their family and 5._neighbours_(邻居) coming to their 6._funeral_(葬礼) in the church.Then，Tom and Huck suddenly appear.Everyone is 7._surprised_(惊讶的) but very pleased to find that they are 8._alive_(活着的)The book is also full of wonderful 9._dialogues_(对话)The conversations are written in the 10._everyday_(日常的) English of nineteenthcentury Missouri，and sound especially real.It is a truly great book.阅读下面的短文，在空白处