新目标英语八年级下重点短语及句型总汇.doc

八年级（下）新目标英语重点短语及句型总汇 Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?1. raise money for 筹钱 2. collect stamps 集邮 3. run out of 用尽 4. by the way 顺便说一下5. on the way to. 在的路上6. be interested in 对感兴趣 7. more than=over 超过8. fly kites 放风筝9. start class 开始上课10. start a snow globe collectors club 开办雪球仪收集者俱乐部11. the most common(unusual, interesting) hobby 最普通的爱好12. listen to music videos 听音乐碟片13. organize a talent show to raise money for charity 为慈善机构捐钱而举办的才艺展示14. extra English lessons 额外的英语课15. have problems with the language 语言方面有问题16. the capital of Heilongjiang Province 黑龙江的省会17. an interesting city with a colorful history 一个有着丰富多彩历史文化的有趣的城市18. three and a half years =three years and a half三年半19. a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans 一双滑冰鞋/一双鞋/一副眼镜/一条裤子/牛仔裤How much is a pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much does a(this) pair of skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost?1.How much are the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans?= How much do the skates/shoes/glasses/trousers/jeans cost? 本单元目标句型： 1.How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多长时间了？ 2.Ive been skating since nine oclock./since I was four years old.我从九点一直滑到现在/我从四岁一直滑到现在。3.Ive been skating for five hours.我一直滑了五小时 。4.The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我对中国的历史了解得越多， 我就越喜欢住在中国。5.Was this your first skating marathon? No, I skated in a marathon last year.6.When did you get your first pair of skates?7.Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for the whole five hours.Alison是第一个开始并且已经滑了整整5个小时。8.Im talking to you from the Hilltop School Skating Marathon.9.For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每滑一个小时，每位学生可为慈善事业筹集10元钱。10.Thanks for sending me the snow globe of the monster. In fact I think its probably my favorite. 谢谢你送我的怪物雪球仪。事实上，我想它可能是我的最爱。11.My mom says I have to stop, because weve run out of room to store them. 妈妈说我必须停止了，因为我们已经没有地方来存放他们了。12.The first one I ever got was a birthday cake snow globe on my twelfth birthday.我得到的第一个雪球仪是我十二岁生日得到的生日蛋糕雪球仪。13.I particularly love globes with animals. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me. 我特别喜欢动物雪球仪。如果你知道其他人收集他们的话，请告诉我们。14.By the way, whats your hobby?15.Im interested in the job as a writer.16.The school newspaper needs a writer. We will give you different topics to choose from. To get the job, please answer these four questions. 校报需要一个撰稿人。我们会给你一些不同的话题来选择。要得到这份工作，请回答这样四个问题。17.How many Chinese dynasties can you think of? 你能想起多少中国朝代？18.Can you think of famous characters from the history of other countries? Make a list.从其他国家历史中，你能记起一些著名人物吗？列个表。19.In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago and were welcomed by the Song Emperor. 事实上，第一批犹太人可能在一千多年前就来到开封而且受到宋朝皇帝的欢迎。21.There is some European influence in the city, and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.这个城市有欧洲文化的影响，而且哈尔滨的一些老建筑还是俄罗斯风格的。22.For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese culture, the more I enjoy living in China. 对于一个像我一样的外国人来说，我对中国文化了解越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。23.And although I live quite far from Beijing, Im certain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008. 尽管我住得离北京很远，但我相信2008年奥运会我一定在这儿。本单元语法讲解现在完成进行时：表示从过去某时开始到现在这一段时间里一直在延续的动作。现在完成进行式结构：have / has +been+ doing/1.I have been writing the letter since then.从那时起我一直在写这封信。（动作从过去一直持续到现在还在继续）2.I have been collecting stamps for ten years.自从10年前我就收集邮票了（动作从过去一直现在还在收集）。3.How long have you been living here?你在这儿已经住了多长时间了。（“居住”动作从过去一直现在还在继续）现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别：1 现在完成进行时比现在完成时更强调动作的延续性：2 如果没有时间强调，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行，现在完成时则表示动作已经结束，3 现在完成进行时一般不适用于表状态的动词，而现在完成时则可： Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?1.turn down/turn up关小声/调大声音（电器）2.turn on/ turn off 打开/关闭（电器）3.move the bike移动自行车4.in a minute/right away/in no time立刻,马上 5.be late for school/class=arrive late for school 上学/上课迟到6.wait in line=stand in line排队等候7.cut in line=jump a queue插队 8.get mad/annoyed变得生气 9.happen to sb 发生在身上 10.half an hour半小时11.at first首先12.at last=in the end=finally 最后13.allow sb. to do /not to do sth.允许某人做/不做某事14.be allowed to do /not to do sth.某人不被允许某人做/不做某事15.in public 当众地；公开地；公然地16.in public places在公共场所 17.break the rule 不遵守规则 18.pick up捡起 19.put out熄灭 20.drop litter扔垃圾 21.keep the voice down控制声音22.do the dishes23.put on another pair of jeans24.be at a meeting25.help me in the kitchen26.make some posters27.clothing store28.followaround29.want to be polite30.stand in the subway door31.cut in line32.stand close to .33.have different ideas about34.feel uncomfortable35.in all situations36.in public places本单元目标句型： 1.Would you mind cleaning the yard? 你介意打扫院子吗?2.Not at all. Ill do it right away. 一点也不. 我马上就扫.3.Would you mind not playing baseball here.你介意不要在这打棒球吗?4.Would you mind giving me a smaller one?5.Sorry, well go and play in the park.对不起，我们到公园去打.6.Could you (please) make dinner? 请做晚饭好吗?7.Thats no problem.没问题.8.Could you (please) not feed the dog?=Would you mind not feeding the dog?= Would you (please) not feed the dog?=Please dont feed the dog, will you?请不要喂狗好吗?9.If you finish these tasks, we can go to a movie tonight. 10.Your barber gave you a terrible haircut.11.The store clerk gave you the wrong size.12.The waitress brought you the wrong food.13.The pen you bought didnt work.14.You ordered a hamburger with French fries but only got a hamburger.15.We asked some people what annoyed them. Heres what they said.16.I dont like waiting in line when a shop assistant has a long telephone conversation.17.This happens to me all the time in the school library.18.Perhaps in the future I should try not to be so polite.19.The way people behave is different in different cultures and situations.20.Sometimes, rules of etiquette are the same almost everywhere.21.We might want to ask someone to behave more politely if we see them breaking a rule of etiquette.22.Etiquette means normal and polite social behavior.23.This may seem like a difficult word at first, but it can be very useful to understand.24.In fact, we should also take care not to cough or sneeze loudly in public if possible.25.People dont usually like to be criticized, so we have to be careful how we do this. 26.看到有人抽烟你可以说：Could you please put out that cigarette?27.看到有人乱丢垃圾你可以说：Would you mind picking it up?28.看到有人插对你可以说：Sorry, would you mind joining the line?常见动名词、分词的习惯用法总结使用-ing分词的几种情况1.在进行时态中。如：1.He is watching TV in the room. 2.They were dancing at nine oclock last night.2.在there be结构中。如：There is a boy swimming in the river.3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：We have fun learning English this term.They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.4.在介词后面。如：Thanks for helping me.Are you good at playing basketball？What /How about doing sth? 做某事怎么样?I am interested in playing football.5.在以下结构中1.enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事；2.finish doing sth；完成做某事；3.feel like doing sth 想要做某事；4.stop doing sth 停止做某事（原来的事）5.forget doing sth 忘记做过某事；6.go on doing sth 继续做某事（原来的事）；7.remember doing sth 记得做过某事；8.like doing sth 喜欢做某事；9.find/see/hear/watch sb doing发现/看到/听到/观看某人做 10.try doing sth 试图做某事；11.need doing sth 需要做某事；12.prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事；13.mind doing sth 介意做某事；14.miss doing sth 错过做某事；15.practice doing sth 练习做某事；16.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事；17.cant help doing sth禁不住做某事；18.waste time/money doing浪费时间/金钱做;19.keep sb.doing让始终/一直做20.stop sb.(from)doing阻止某人做某事21.prefer doing B to doing B=like A better than A喜欢做A更喜欢做B22.“do some +doing”短语如：do some shopping/do some washing/do some reading/do some practicing/do some cleaning/do some speaking23“go doing”短语去做某事（主要指文娱活动等）如：go shopping/go fishing/go swimming/go hiking/go skating/go camping/go skiing（滑雪/go boating /go hunting (打猎).注意动词的过去分词的常见搭配: I feel(am/was) excited/ surprised/ amazed /interested /tired/pleased/worried/lostKeepclosed/ a boy called/named Tom unit8 why dont you get her a scarf? 1.fall asleep 入睡 2.give away 赠送；分发 3.rather than 宁愿而不是，胜于4.would dorather than do宁愿不愿做5.hear of 听说6.make friends with 和交友7.photo album 像册8.too personal 太私人化9.not interestingspecial creative enough不够有趣10.make a special meal 做一顿特别的饭11.an 8-year-old child 一个六岁的孩子12.these days 最近13.notat all 根本不14.different kinds of 不同种类15.make her happy 使她高兴16.someone else 别人（else总是后置）17.improve English 提高英语18.in different ways 以不同的方式19.encourage sb to do鼓励某人做20.make(great) progress 取得进步21.take an interest in/be interested in 对感兴趣22.on my twelfthtwentieth birthday23.a goldfishtwo goldfish24.a pig namedcalled Connie25.from across China26.enter a test by singing popular English e from all age groups28.the winner of the womens competition29.win the prize30.try to speak English more31.a spokesperson from the Olympic Committee32.hear of33.many other fun ways to learn English34.make friends with a native speaker of English35.find a good way to learn to learn English本单元目标句型： 1.What should I get my mom for her birthday? 我应该为我的妈妈买什么?2.Why dont you/Why not buy /What about buying/How about buying a scarf? 为什么不买条围巾呢?3.Whats the best gift you have ever received? 你曾收到的最好礼物是什么?4.What a lucky guy! 多幸运的家伙!5.I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child.6.Really? I dont agree. Dogs are too difficult to take care of.7.What are advantages and disadvantages of keeping such a pet?8.The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig.9.Pot-bellied pigs make the best pets.10.However, life with a pig isnt always perfect.11.Now she is too big to sleep in the house, so I made her a special pig house.12.The movie was boring. I fell asleep half way through it.13. A leaf from a tree is enough to make her very happy.14.Gift giving is different in different countries.15.The same gift may be given away to someone else.16.In the USA, some people ask their families and friends to give money to charity rather thanbuy them gifts.17.In Sweden, doing something for someone is the best gift. People dont need to spend too much money. Instead, making a meal is enough. 18.China will be the host for the 2008 Olympics and so many Chinese people try to improve their English in different ways.China will hold the.19.Nearly all the singers sang very clearly, and looked comfortable on stage.20.Some of these singers were able to sing English songs just as well as native speakers.21.She said that singing English songs made her more interested in learning English.22.He agrees that it is a good idea to have fun with English.23.It suggests ways for Beijingers to take an interest in learning English.常见动词不定式词组、句型用法总结.固定用法(非谓语动词)：以下是带to的动词不定式常见搭配希望做某事hope to do sth.决定做某事decide to do sth.同意做某事agree to do sth.需要某人做某事need to do sth.使用某物做某事use sth to do sth迫不及待做某事cant wait to do准备做某事get/be ready to do尽力/努力做某事try to do sth计划做某事plan to do sth.不得不have to do 轮流做某事take ones turns to do sth.拒绝做某事refuse to do sth.告诉某人做某事tell sb. to do sth.请某人做某事ask sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事wish sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事want /would like sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事agree sb. to do sth.教某人做某事teach sb. to do sth.喜欢/想要某人做某事 like sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事help sb. to do sth/help sb.doencourage sb to do鼓励某人做Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事 例句:It your turn to clean the blackboard.Its time(for sb.) to do sth.是某人做某事时候了例句:Its time for me to go home.Its +adj. for/of sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是（当adj.是表示性格、品德的形容词时用of）例句: It is easy for me to learn it well.It is very kind/foolish/nice of you to do so. 2It takes sb. sometime to do sth. 某人做某事花了某时间 例句:1.It takes me an hour to get to school by bike. 2.It took me an hour to watch TV last night.3.It will take her two weeks to finish the work.too+adj./adv. to do sth. 太.而不能 例: He was to angry to say a word.find/think/feel it +adj. to do sth.发现/认为/感到做某事是例: I find/think/feel it hard to learn English well. 序数词+to do 第.个做某事例句:Who is the first to get there?我不知/忘记了怎么办。I didnt know/forgot what to do.4离开房间时不要忘记/记住关灯 例句:Dont forget/Remember to turn off the lights when you left the room5.be+adj+to do sth例句:I am very sorry to hear that.I am ready to help others.I am happy/pleased/glad to meet you.顺口溜：本领最多不定式，主表定补宾和状；样样成分都能干，只有谓语它不敢；大家千万要小心，有时它把句型改；作主语时用it，自己在后把身藏；七个感官三使役，宾补要把to甩开；疑问词后接上它，宾语从句可充当；逻辑主语不定式，不定式前加for sb.；to前not是否定，各种用法区别开。以下是不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)的常见用法6let sb. do sth让某人做某事 make do sth使得某人做某事 hear do sth do sth听见某人做某事see do sth do sth看见某人做某事8.why not 或why dont you +动词原形？为什么不.?（表示建议）例:Why not/Why dont you take a walk?9.某人+had better( not)do 某人最好(不)做某事10.情态动词can/may /must /should+ 动词原形（包括情态动词的否定形式+动词原形）11.助动词do/does/did/will/would在构成疑问句或者构成否定句即dont /doesnt /didnt /will not /would not+ 动词原形12be going to + 动词原形（表示“即将”“打算” 做某事） Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park?1. take a ride 兜风2. take the subway3. have been to, have gone to4. on the one hand, on the other hand5.a good place to practice your English6.outside of China7.end up 结束8.take a holiday/vacation度假9.all year round 全年10.such as 例如11.a zoo called/named 一个叫做的动物园12.during the daytime 在白天13.wake up 醒来14.wake somebody up 唤醒/叫醒某人15.have a great/nice/wonderful/great time 玩得高兴16.a wonderful place to take a holiday/to visit一个度假/游览的好地方17.an English-speaking country一个讲英语的国家18.be asleep=fall asleep 睡着19.go on a DISNEY to another province of China21.the reasons for learning English22.an exchange student23.improve my listening skills24.one.,the other.25.Three quarters of the population are Chinese.四分之三的人口是中国人（谓语动词用复数形式）26.Whats the population of China?中国的人口是多少？（不用how much提问） 27.the population of China is 1.3 billion中国的人口是13亿。（谓动词用单形式）本单元目标句型：1. Me neither.1.Its fun to learn another language.2.Disneyland is an amusement park, but we can also call it a theme park.3.It has all the normal attractions you can find at an amusement park, but it also has a theme.4.the roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.5.You can see Disney characters walking around Disneyland all the time.6.These are huge boats that also have the Disney theme. You can take a ride on the boat for several days, and you sleep and eat on board.7.There are also many attractions on board just like any other Disneyland.8.The boat rides all take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.9.It is just so much fun in Disneyland.10.Heres what two of our students said about our school.11.When I was a young girl, all I ever wanted to do was traveling, and I decided that the best way to do this was to become a flight attendant .12.I discovered that the most important requirement was to speak English well, so I studied English at the Hilltop Language School for five years before I became a flight attendant.13.It was because I could speak English that I got the job.14.Its all I have ever wanted to be.15.However, I know that I have to improve my English, so I have started taking lessons at the school.16.Maybe when I leave school Ill think about becoming an English teacher rather than a tour guide.17.What other job is he thinking of doing?18.You can rent bicycles at the amusement park.19.For many Chinese tourists, this small island in Southeast Asia is a wonderful place to take a holiday.20.Maybe you fear that you wont be able to find anything to eat in a foreign country.21.However, if you re feeling brave, Singapore is an excellent place to try new food.22.If you go to see lions, tigers, or foxes during the daytime, theyll probably a asleep.23.One great thing about Singapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.this is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you likespring, summer, or winter.现在完成时句型举例：1.Have you ever been to an amusement park?你曾经去过游乐园吗?Yes, I have./ No, I havent. 2.I have never been there. Me neither=Neither have I. 我也没有.3.Where is he? He has gone to the Beijing.4.How long has he been in Beijing? （不能用come/arrive）5.Ive never been to an aquarium. 我从没去过水族馆.6.I have been a student here for a year.我成为这的学生有一年了. （不能用become） =I became a student here a year ago.10.He has been dead for two years.（不能用die）=he died two years ago.11.I have been a teacher since ten years ago(for ten years.) （不能用become）12.I have just/ever/already/never seen the movie. Have you ever heard of the man before? 本单元语法讲解现在完成时1.现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。本时态标志词