ACNE and DIETS.doc

ACNE and DIETSMuch has been said about our diet and acne. Most of it is nonsense. Giving up chocolates or fried food will not clear acne. 关于青春痘和我们日常饮食的关系各种言论都说的很多，（什么太油腻太辛辣啊，肠胃聚集了毒素啊，发物燥火的东西吃多了啊），但大部分的说法都是扯淡的，即使你放弃了巧克力和油炸食物也不足以清理掉你的痘痘However, acne is caused by the western diet in its entirety. When young people migrate from the Third World to the Western World and start eating western food, they get acne. 可是，完全西方化的饮食引发了痘痘的发生，当一个饮食匮乏的第三世界国家（反正就是南亚，非洲这类国家的人）移民到了西方社会，然后开始吃各类爽暴了的西方食物，他们就开始满脸爆痘的抓狂历程了！Recently, studies in Australia have demonstrated that acne will improve if the diet is modified. In brief, high glycemic index foods have to be reduced, as does consumption of dairy products, fats and processed foods. Protein content has to be increased. 最近澳大利亚的研究论证了当饮食调整后确实能改善痤疮。简单说，就是降低高血糖生成指数食物，同样，降低乳制品，脂肪和精加工食物。增加蛋白质类食物。The diet is available from the Australian Womens Weekly via the internet.信息来源：澳大利亚女性周刊网站How does the western diet cause acne? Here is a synopsis of the current theory. 为啥西式的饮食会导致痤疮的发生？这儿有个现代理论的摘要Acne is a disease of sebaceous glands (oil glands). Androgens make them enlarge and function. Acne develops at puberty when:痤疮是一种皮脂腺的疾病，一般是雄激素促使皮脂腺增殖和产生分泌功能。当人处于青春期的时候痤疮就会发生： The duct of the gland is blocked because skin cells stick together (abnormal keratinization). 皮肤细胞口子粘连到了一起导致皮脂腺管口阻塞（皮肤角化异常） Oil (sebum) builds up and bacteria proliferate in the plugged gland. The bacteria alter the composition of the oil and make it more likely to cause inflammation. 皮脂分泌出来后，细菌在皮脂中大量的增殖，细菌在油中改变了油脂的成份，导致油脂容易刺激并诱发炎症 The glands rupture, oil gets into the skin and causes inflammation.皮脂腺膨胀破裂后，游离的脂肪酸进入皮肤导致炎症产生 The western diet is high in calories and a large portion of these are derived form high glycemic index (GI) foods. In the USA, 47% of the energy intake is high GI foods. A recent US survey found that 54% of women aged more than 25 years had some degree of acne, while 40% of men in this age group were affected.西方的饮食结构含有高热量值，其中很大一部分来自高血糖生成指数（GI)的食物,在美国47%的能量摄入来自于高血糖生成指数食物。High GI foods raise blood sugar and this causes the pancreas to release extra insulin. 高血糖生成指数的食物升高了血糖并导致胰岛素的释放Insulin has direct effects on the sebaceous gland to cause abnormal keratinization and increased sebum production; and indirect effects to cause similar changes in the glands.胰岛素不但能直接作用于皮脂腺细胞导致异常的角化和引起皮脂的产生；还能间接的影响皮脂产生和毛囊角化。Insulin has many effects apart from controlling blood sugar. It increases Insulin-like Growth Factor (ILGF) .胰岛素有很多效应控制血糖，它可以刺激胰岛素样增殖因子（ILGF)的增殖。ILGF promotes keratinocyte proliferation.ILGF促进角质形成细胞的增殖 ILGF stimulates sebum production. ILGF刺激皮脂的产生Insulin decreases ILGF-binding protein 胰岛素还降低ILGF结合蛋白ILGF-binding protein inhibits keratinocyte proliferation and promotes cell death via apoptosis.而ILGF结合蛋白是可以抑制毛囊的异常角化以及促进细胞凋亡的The result of these changes in hormones is the development of obstructions in the outflow duct of the oil gland.所有的激素变化的最终结果就是皮脂腺分泌管道的阻塞。Insulin increases oil production in the sebaceous glands directly and indirectly by causing increased androgen production in the ovaries and testes.胰岛素诱发皮脂分泌的作用，是源于它直接或者间接的刺激睾丸和卵巢产生雄激素。More amounts of the androgen are available to act inside the sebaceous glands because insulin reduces the amount of sex hormone binding globulin available. This protein binds androgens and prevents them entering cells to act.大多数的性激素都可以影响作用于皮脂腺。因为胰岛素有个特性：能中和能与性激素结合的蛋白，这种蛋白使雄激素被结合，不能对细胞产生作用。The result of these changes is more oil production and enlargement of the oil glands.这些的变化的结果就使得皮脂腺变得异常肥大，引发大量的油脂产生。The western diet is high in unsaturated fatty acids that promote inflammation. When the sebaceous glands rupture, the sebum is more irritating and inflammation is more severe.西方饮食中还含有大量的不饱和脂肪酸（吃太多肉类和蛋类食品有关，尤其是动物器官和鸡蛋黄）这样可能增加了炎症，当皮脂腺破裂时候，皮脂可能相当有刺激，产生更为严重的炎症。（这里三石需要指出的是，花生四烯酸是-6必需脂肪酸，是体内炎症介质花生四烯酸是前列腺素和血栓素的前体，尽管适当炎症反应对人体健康有益，但过多就会带来危害。 正是花生四烯酸的发炎影响导致许多营养学家将其与饱和脂肪和反式脂肪一起视为坏脂肪。花生四烯酸和亚油酸都是-6必需脂肪酸。而-6和-3都是多重不饱和必需脂肪酸。这两种脂肪都对人体构建必需的荷尔蒙很重要。不过，-3脂肪酸具有消炎作用。 现代饮食普遍缺乏-3（如鱼油和亚麻油）脂肪酸，但往往-6的数量过多。摄入太多含花生四烯酸食品很容易导致炎性疾病恶化。专家有时建议存在炎性疾病的人尽量避免含花生四烯酸水平高的食物。 The preceding article was a summary of the theory of how the western diet causes acne. If acne-affected people want to try to clear their skins through a diet they have to change the entire diet and stick to the new diet. This is difficult if people want to interact with others and lead a normal social life. For most sufferers of acne it is easier to eat what others eat and to take tablets, and use creams to clear the acne. In any case, it should be kept in mind that going on the anti-acne diet led to improvement (fewer pimples) but the pa