句子结构分析.doc

句子结构分析1. 复杂句子的分析句型构成例示分析长的简单句一个主语和谓语Islam was started about 1,400 years ago by a man called Muhammad.主语：Islam谓语：was started about 1,400 years ago by a man called Muhammad并列句由两个或两个以上分句构成，由并列连词and, or, but, for等连接。Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.分句一：Honey is sweet 分句二：the bee stings 连接词：but复合句由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。Soon came the news that Germany has declared war on Russia.主句：Soon came the news从句：that Germany has declared war on Russia(同位语从句)复合并列句并列部分和从属部分同时用在一个句子中。He shouted to attract our attention and asked us if we had won the previous days match.并列部分：He shouted to attract our attention and asked从句：if we had won the previous days match 2. 简单句的基本句型复习句子构成例示主动补 (SVC)结构The man is a teacher.主动 (SV)结构Iron rusts.主动宾(SVO)结构Liverpool won the game.主动宾宾(SVOO)结构Mary lent me her car.主动宾补(SVOC)结构We made him our spokesman.3. 并列连词的拓展代表词引申的并列词例示andbothand, not onlybut (also), as well as, andas well, notnor, neither.norThey can both sing and dance.She can neither speak nor read French.orWhetheror., eitherorEither the president will resign through ill-health, or he will die in office.butwhile, whereas, onlySome of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not.Id love to come, but I have to work.forfor: 对前一分句补充说明理由或推断原因，只能置于句末。The doctor must have sat up all night with his patient, for you see, he looks tired and sleepy.4. 复合句分类复习复合句汇总分类例示定语从句限制性定语从句Those who want to go please sign their names here.非限制性定语从句We will put off the outing until the next week, when we wont be so busy.名词性从句主语从句Whether he will come or not is unknown.宾语从句Please tell me whether or not you agree with him.表语从句This is where I dont agree.同位语从句I have no idea when she will be back.状语从句时间状语从句Once you object to a man, everything he does is wrong.原因状语从句Now that you are all here, lets try and reach a decision.目的状语从句We sent the letter by air mail in order that it might reach them in good time.结果状语从句Bring it near so that I may see it better.条件状语从句As long as we dont lose heart, we will find a way to overcome the difficulty.让步状语从句Though we fight like cat and dog, we still love each other.比较状语从句Shes no less active than he used to be. (She is as active as he used to be.)方式状语从句He speaks as if there were a frog in his throat.5. 复杂句子的分析举例复杂句子句子分析That a microorganism is capable of destroying one of another species was first discovered by Paster, who pointed out that this might be put to therapeutic use.（一种微生物能够破坏另一种微生物，这种现象最早是巴斯德发现的，他指出这可以应用到医疗上去。）1. 主语：That a microorganism is capable of destroying one of another species（主语从句）2. 谓语： was discovered3. 状语： first and by Pasteur4. 从句： who pointed out that this might be put to therapeutic use（非限制性定语从句修饰Paster.，内含that 引导的宾语从句）Ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman tortures, she yet remained so cheerful and confident, eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades. （她受过重刑，而且有病，可她却这样愉快，这样充满了信心，这样用尽她所剩的力量来帮助其他同志。）1. 主语： she2. 谓语： remained so cheerful and confident3. 状语： eager to devote the little strength left to her to helping the other comrades. (表示伴随状态)；ill and suffering as she was after the inhuman tortures.(让步状语从句, 两处状语均用来修饰谓语。)The present question is that many people consider impossible what is really possible if effort is made. （目前的问题是，很多人把努一把力能做到的事看成是做不到的。）1. 主语： the present question2. 谓语： is + that 引导的表语从句3. 在表语从句中：a.主语：many people b. 谓语：consider c. 复合宾语：impossible what is really possible d. 状语从句：if effort is made6.高考考点探讨1、简单句的五大句型是最基本的句型。虽然近几年单纯考查这种基础句型的题不多，但是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成分去理解，在书面表达中，没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不可能用地道的英语句子来表达清楚的。2、祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一。有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查。一个题目，几个考点，是近几年命题的发展趋势。3、高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常表现在对连词的选择和使用上。如：and, but, or, while，以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词。4、各种主从复合句的考查常常与动词的时态联系在一起，以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显，时间从句与条件从句中，如果主句是将来时，从句则用一般式表将来，这一点在高考中经常考查。如：We will go outing if it doesnt rain tomorrow。语法拓展训练1. How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. Awhichever Bhowever CwhoeverDwhatever2. Hewantedtomakesure _. A. howwewenttherebybus B. wheredidmego C. whatdidwegothere D. whenwewentthere 3. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 4. Ill not ring you up _ I come back. A. when B. as C. until D. while 5. Do you know the man whom our teacher _ just now? A. shookhands B. shookhishands C. shookhandwith D. shookhandswith 6. Thesmallmountainvillage_wespentourholidaytwoyearsagoliesinHubei. A. what B. where C. that D. which 7._hewantedtoseewasanendtoallthearmiesoftheworldA. What B. It C. Which D. That 8. Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild _heorshewants. A.however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 9. Thisisthefirsttime_here A. Iwas B. Iwillbe C. Ihavebeen D. Ihadbeen 10. HewouldntleavetheTVset,_hewasgoingtohaveanimportantexamthenextday. A. evenif B. asif C. asthough D. even 11. Hewonders_thesoundcamefrom A. where B. when C. how D. that 12. Haveyoufoundthewoman_pursewaslost? A. her B. ofwhich C. that D. whose 13 It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether14. Themenwillhavetowaitallday_thedoctorworksfaster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that 15.Wehavenodoubt_theChineseteamwillwingoldmedalaftergoldmedalintheOlympicGamesinAthensinGreece. A. whether B. if C. what D. that 16. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. why B. how C. what D. that17. The boy I considered _ cheated in the exam. A. tobehonest B. thatishonest C. was honest D. being honest 18. Theywentonwellatfirstbuteventuallyeverything_theyhadworriedabouthappened. A. which B. what C. that D. when 19. Wedontdoubt _hecandoagoodjob. A. whether B. that C. how D. why 20. _,arabbitranacrossthecourseandknockedtheballintothehole. A. Whilegolfing B. Whiletheyweregolfing C. being golfing D. It was golfing 21. a certain doubt among the people as to the practical value of the project.A. It has B. They have C. It remains D. There remains22. _hecomesornot,Iwillwaituntil10p.m. A. Whenever B. Whether C. If D. Though 23. Itwas_thatwewantedtostayhereforanothertwodays. A. suchfineweather B. suchafineweather C. sofineweather D. sofineaweather 24. Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why 25. Hegaveabookto_enteredtheclassroom. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 26. Johnmayphonetonight.Idontwanttogoout_hephones. （NMET2000春） A. aslongas B. inorderthat C. in case D. in line with27. Theproblemsnow_atthemeetingisreally_. A. werediscussing；surprised B. beingdiscussed；surprising C. beingdiscussed；surprised D. werediscussing；surprising 28. Thereisntsomuchpollutioninthecountry_inbigcities. A. that B. which C. as D. what 29. The day will soon come _ man will set foot on another planet. A. which B. that C. when D. who 30. Thebookisquitedifferentfrom_Ireadlastmonth. A. that B. which C. what D. / 31. It looks_ were going to have trouble with Mrs Jenkins again. A. that B. evenif C. asthough D. if 32. Thisisthebestfactory_Ihavevisitedallmylife. A. where B. which C. when D. that 33.Icanthinkofmanycases_studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldntwriteagoodessay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 34. Isthisthemuseum_youvisitedtheotherday? A. that B. where C. inwhich D. theone 35. Ihatetheway_hetreatshismother. A. inthat B. which C. that D. how 36._fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountrymayreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A. What B. That C. This D. Which 37. _Iknow,shellstayherefortwoweeks. A. Sofaras B. If C. What D. Because 38. Heoftenwritestousexpressinghisthought_onedayhellcometojoinus. A. which B. that C. whatD. whether39. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour. A which B who C where D what40. ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_Icantosavethem A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever 41. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which42. Whatashame_youareleavingsosoon A. that B. which C. what D. whose 43. Myquestionis_youllgothere. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 44. Thehorseisgettingoldandcannotrun_itdid A. asfaster B. sofastthan C. sofasteras D. sofastas 45. TheroadiscoveredwithsnowIcantunderstand_theyinsistongoingbymotorbike A. why B. whether C. when D. how 46. Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_. A. whoishe B. whoheis C. whoisit D. whoitis 47. Ithoughtherniceandhonest_Imether. A. firsttime B. forthefirsttime C. thefirsttime D. bythefirsttime 48. Hes got himself into a serious situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why 49. Allthestudentswenttosee_withher. A. whatthematterwas B. whatwasthematter C. whatwrongwas D. whatwasthewrong 50. MrZhanggavetextbookstoallthepupilsexcept_whohadalreadytakenthem. A. theones B. ones C. some D. theothers 51. _measureswetakemustsatisfytheneedofpeople. A. Nomatterwhich B. Whatever C. No matter who D. Whoever 52. _youhaveseenbothfighters,_willwin? A. Since,doyouthinkwho B. As,whodoyouthink C. When,whoever D. Since,whodoyouthink 53. Canyouthinkofasituation_thisidiomcanbeused? A. which B. that C. withwhich D. where 54. -Weneverknow_heis.-Heissaidtobeasalesman.A. who B. what C. which D. whoever 55. Thisbookistheonlyone_Iwanttoread. A. that B. who C. which D. whom 56. _shedidthisisunknown. A. That B. How C. Why D. Allthethree 57. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readersconsumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A.whenB.whereC.whoD.which58. Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.A. why B. what C. that D. where 59. Icanstillrememberthesitting-room_mymotherandIusedtositintheevening. A. what B. which C. that D. where 60. Theexperimentturnedouttobeverysuccessful