八年级语法过去进行时在线辅导讲解与练习.doc

过去进行时在线辅导讲解与练习(含答案) 过去进行时是表示过去某一时刻或某一时间内正在进行或发生的动作。可以从两个方面来理解：1 过去某一时刻正在进行或发生的动作。E.g. They were playing football at ten oclock yesterday morning. My mother was cooking when I got home. I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday. 2 过去某阶段持续进行的动作 What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在复合句中，若主要动作和背景动作是同时发生的，那么主从句都可用过去进行时e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing. 其结构是助动词be的过去形式was/were +v-ing. 其句式变化仍然要在be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class. We werent working in class. Were you working in class? 过去进行时常与过去某一特定时间的状语连用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。 也有时没有时间状语，要通过上下文的暗示来确定用过去进行时。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.做题时常见错误如下： 一、易把be+现在分词记成be+过去分词 例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time. 答案：was talking 解析：过去进行时与现在进行时结构上的区别体现在be动词上。二、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词 例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.2 They were play (play) games at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. 答案：1 was watching 2 were playing 解析：现在进行时中be+现在分词,缺一不可的规律也可应用于过去进行时。三、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing例：We were flying kites at 5:00 p.m. yesterday. (对划线部分提问) What were you at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?答案：What were you doing at 5:00 p.m. yesterday?解析：现在进行时中Whatdoing?句式同样适用于过去进行时。四、易与现在进行时弄混例：My mother is cooking (cook)when I got home.答案：was cooking解析：这两种时态的共同点是都表示动作正在进行，但现在进行时前提是现在，而过去进行时前提是过去，由when I got home可看出前提是过去。五、易与一般过去时弄混例：昨晚我在读一本故事书。 I read (read) a story book yesterday evening.答案：was reading解析：这两种时态的共同点是都用于表示过去发生的动作。但过去进行时强调动作正在进行，而一般过去时则表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，它表示的动作往往已经完成。在说明正在进行，而I read a story book yesterday evening.的意思是昨晚我读了一本故事书，言下之意已经读完了。故用过去进行时。另外，在宾语从句中当主句为过去时，从句若是现在进行时，需变成过去进行时。 e.g. He said that he was drawing a cat at noon yesterday.自主训练：（一 ）、单选1 What _ from three to four yesterday afternoon?A have you done B had you done C did you do D were you doing2 - I call you yesterday evening, but there was no answer. - Oh., Im sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.A home B had C was having D have had3 My mother _ while my father _TV.A cooked; was watching B was cooking; was watching C was cooked; watched D cooked; watched4 When I got home, my son _ the music.A am listening to B listened to C was listening to D was listening5 We heard a cry when we _ TV last night.A were watching B would watch C watch D watched6 She asked him whether he _ back for lunch.A come B was coming C came D had come7 Could you tell me when _?A she is coming B she was coming C will be come D is he coming8 The teacher _ when I came into the classroom.A is drawing B draws C has drawn D was drawing9 The pizza _ by my mother. Would you like to have some?A makes B was making C made D was made10 Nobody noticed what she _ at the moment.A will do B was doing C has done D had done11 Was it raining hard when you _ this morning?A left B leaves C was leaving D would leave（二）、填空1 _ they_ (feed) the animals at 5:00 yesterday afternoon?2 Mrs.Green _ _ (not wash) clothes at this time yesterday.3 Grandpa _ _ (mend) his clock when I reached home.4 As I _ (walk) in the park, I saw some children playing games.参考答案：1 were feeding 2 wasnt washing 3 was mending 4 was walkingIrregular Verbs （不规则动词表）iswasbeen是keepkeptkept保持amwasbeen是sleepsleptslept睡arewerebeen是sweepsweptswept打扫dodiddone做spellspeltspelt拼写eatateeaten吃feelfeltfelt感觉gowentgone去feedfedfed喂养havehadhad有，吃leaveleftleft离开seesawseen看见meetmetmet遇见saysaidsaid说meanmeantmeant意味taketooktaken带holdheldheld握住telltoldtold告诉rideroderidden骑sellsoldsold卖writewrotewritten写makemademade做comecamecome来getgotgotten得到becomebecamebecome变得forgetforgotforgotten忘记givegavegiven给knowknewknown知道sendsentsent发送findfoundfound发现spendspentspent花费winwonwon赢buildbuiltbuilt建筑loselostlost丢失thinkthoughtthought想paypaidpaid付钱buyboughtbought买hearheardheard听见bringbroughtbrought带来standstoodstood站fightfoughtfought打仗speakspokespoken说teachtaughttaught教cutcutcut砍，割learnlearntlearnt学习letletlet让growgrewgrown生长putputput放drawdrewdrawn画readreadread读wearworeworn穿beatbeatbeaten打败bearboreborn生swimswamswum游泳hanghunghung挂sitsatsat坐lielaylain躺babysitbabysatbabysat照顾laylaidlaid产（卵）singsangsung唱freezefrozefrozen冰冻drinkdrankdrunk喝cancould-能beginbeganbegun开始shallshould-将runranrun跑willwould-将初中英语形容词比较级和最高级讲解与练习 (1)形容词比较级和最高级 绝大多数形容词有三种形式,原级,比较级和最高级, 以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。 形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词的原形。 例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变化的。 分为规则变化和不规则变化。 规则变化如下: 1) 单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加 -er 和 -est 构成。 great (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 2) 以 -e 结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加 -r 和 -st 构成。 wide (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 3)少数以-y, -er, -ow, -ble结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加-er 和-est 构成。 clever(原级) (比较级) (最高级) 4) 以 -y 结尾,但 -y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是把 -y 去掉,加上 -ier 和-est 构成. happy (原形) (比较级) (最高级) 5) 以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加-er和-est。 big (原级) (比较级) (最高级) 6) 双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。 beautiful (原级) (比较级) (比较级) difficult (原级) (最高级) (最高级) 常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级: 原级-比较级-最高级 good-better-best many-more-mostmuch-more-most bad-worse-worst far-farther, further-farthest, furthest 形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示较不和最不 important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要 形容词比较级的用法: 形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。 也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。 Our teacher istallerthanwe are. 我们老师的个子比我们的高。 It iswarmertoday than it was yesterday. 今天的天气比昨天暖和。 This picture ismore beautifulthan that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting isless importantthan that one. 这次会议不如那次会议重要。 The sun is muchbiggerthan the moon. 太阳比月亮大得多。形容词最高级的用法: 形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为: 主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短语或从句。 She isthe beststudentinher class. 她是班上最好的学生。 Shanghai is one ofthe biggest citiesin China. 上海是中国最大城市之一。This isthe biggestapple I have ever met. 这是我见到的最大的苹果。 Tom isthe tallestboy in his basketball team. 汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。 1. This box is_ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as 2. When we speak to people, we should be . A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly 3. This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensive C. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive 4. I think the story is not so _ as that one. A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting 5. His father began to work_ he was seven years old. A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while2( )1. I think science is _ than Japanese. A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important( ) 2 This pencil is_ than that one. A. longest B. long C. longer D. as long ( ) 3 My mother is no _ young. A. shorter B. longer C. little D. few ( ) 4 These children are _ this year than they were last year. A. more tall B. more taller C. very taller D. much taller( ) 5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is_ today. A. even hotter B. more hotter C. much more hot D. much hot 6. Mrs Black has got_ instead of getting any better. A. more bad B. a little worse C. much badly D. a lot of worse31. When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with_ students. A. quite a few B. only a few C. few D. a few quite 2. The house is small for a family of six. A. much too B. too much C. very much D.so 3. Through the window we can see nothing but _ buildings. A. tall very many B. very many tall C. very tall many D. many very tall 4. -Whats your brother like? -He is_. A. a driver B. very tall C. my friend D. at school 5. The jacket was so_ that he decided to buy it. A. much B. little C. expensive D. cheapl 6. Our classroom is_ larger than theirs.A. more B. quite C. very D. much4( ) 1. The earth is about_ as the moon. A. as fifty time big B. fifty times as big C. as big fifty times D. fifty as times big( ) 2. Your room is mine. A. twice as large than B. twice the size of C. bigger twice than D. as twice large as( ) 3. Your room is _ than mine. A. three time big B. three times big C. three times bigger D. bigger three times( ) 4. His father is_than his mother. ; A. older four years B. as four years older C. four years older D. bigger four years5( ) 1. Maths is more popular than_. A. any other subject B. all the subjects C. any subject D. other subject( ) 2. China is larger than _ in Africa.A. any other country B. other countries C. the other country J 1%D. any country中考英语语法考点系列导练（四） 数词【考点扫描】 表示数目或顺序的词叫数词。数词可分基数词和序数词两大类。纵观近年来各省市中考的试题，对数词的考查主要集中在以下几点： 1、基数词的写法。几十后面加ty， “几十几”，要用连字符号；几百几十几，hundred百位和十位间用and；hundred, thousand, million, billion等词表示具体数字时，用单数形式，在没有确切数目修饰时，可用复数形式，后面可以加of。 2、基数词变序数词。1、2、3词尾字母t、 d、d; 8后少t, 9减e; 5与 12同ve, ve要用f替，再加th；ie替y后再加th。序数词前经常the，但表示“再一”、“又一”的意思时，序数词前用不定冠词a 或an。 3、分数表达法。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子为“1”时，分母要用序数词的复数形式。分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由后面名词的单复数来决定。 4、数字的日常应用 （1）日期表示法：表示年月日应为“月份+日期+年份”。（2）时间表示法：整点数字后加“oclock”，几点几分顺着读；几点过几分，要用past；几点差几分，用to；半小时是“half”，15分钟为“quarter”。（3）编号既可用序数词，也可用基数词。但门牌号、房间号、页码、电话号码等通常用基数词。（4）表示某人“几十岁”要用基数词的复数形式。如：in ones thirties 三十多岁。（5）对日期（几月几日）的提问常用whats the date；对时刻（几点几分）的提问一般用what time。5、由基数词和名词构成的复合形容词，名词用单数。 6、表示“几个半” 英语中表达“几个半”有两种方法：“数词+and+ a half+名词（复数）”和“数词+名词（复数）+and a half”。 【策略点拨】 考查数词的常见题型有选择填空、单词拼写和句型转换等。做这类题时，必须要注意基数词和序数词的拼写，分数、不确切数量词间的关系与名词搭配，以及数词在日常生活中的应用等。【真题再现】1. There are about two _ students in the newly built school. （2006 杭州） A. thousand B. thousands C. thousand of D. thousands of剖析：当hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有确切数字时，这些词应用单数形式。答案：B2. The _question is much more difficult than this one. (2006 重庆) A. sixth B. six C. sixteen D. sixty剖析：此题考查的是序数词的用法。表示“第”时，用序数词，序数词前要用定冠词the。 答案：A3. In the past few years, many tall buildings have been built in our city. The tallest is an _that stands in the center. （2005 济宁）A. 80-floor building B. 60-floor building C. 80-floor buildings D. 70-floors building剖析：此题题眼为the tallest，既然是最高级，说明building要用单数。再看an是用在元音音素前的不定冠词，所以应选由数词和名词单数加连字符构成的复合形容词来修饰名词。答案：A4. Time is not enough for so much work. _ people are needed, I think.（2005河南）A. Other two B. Only two C. Two more D. Two others剖析：此题上句说明时间短，工作量大，因此判断下文指的是还需要两个人。表示在原有数量上的增加，有another和more两个词，即“another+基数词”，或“基数词+more”。答案：C6. The _ man on the left is Beckham, a famous football player. （2006 泸州） A. two B. second C. three剖析：本句主要表示man的顺序，序数词前用定冠词the，而且名词man是单数形式，不能接受two three的修饰。答案：B 【现场练兵】I. 选择填空。1. 333 reads _. A. three hundred and thirty three B. three hundreds and thirty-three C. three hundred and thirty-three D. three hundred thirty-three 2. The _ month of the year is February. 3. The beautiful skirts are on show in the shop, Jane likes _. A. the ninth B. the nineth C. nine D. ninth 4. It took me _ to finish my homework. A. a half and two hour B. two hour and a half C. two and a half hour D. two and a half hours 5. December is the _ month of the year. A. twelve B. twelveth C. twelvieth D. twelfth 6. Tom bought _ for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 7. There are _ seconds in a minute. A. fourty B. forty C. sixteen D. sixty 8. Lin Tao gets up at _ in the morning. A. half past six B. six past half C. past half six D. half six past 9. December _ is Christmas. A. twenty-five B. the twenty-fifth C. the twentieth-five D. twentieth-fifth 10. There are _ stars in the universe. A. millions B. million of C. millions of D. million 11. Monday is the _ day of the week. A. two B. second C. three D. third 12. Mr. Black left here _ ago. A. half a hour B. half an hour C. an half hour D. a half hoursIII.对画线部分提问1. Jim goes to Tsing Hua University at 8:00 every day._2. The sweater is fifty yuan._3. It is two hundred meters from here._4. My telephone number is 6665028._5. There are 800 students in our school._6.She has worked in Jinan for five years._7. Jackson was born in May, 1970. _8.Today is March 7._中考英语语法考点系列导练（七）介词【现场练兵】I.用适当的介词填空。2 .Do you usually go to school _bike?3 .Look, the farmer is carrying apples _a truck.4 .Is anyone _home?5 .Please look _my bird when Im away.6 .Are Jim and Li Lei_the same class?7 .There is a hole _the wall.8._the beginning of this term, I met my new friend, Jim .9 .There are a few leaves _the tree.10 .The girl_the red coat is my sister.11 .Could you give an orange_me?12 .Its time to go _bed.13 .I can see a bottle _orange.14 .Put the basket _there.15 .Whats wrong