双语教学辅助资料.doc

免疫学导论（于善谦等编，高等教育出版社）双语教学辅助资料Auxiliary Material of Bilingual Teaching forIntroduction to Immunology蚌埠医学院免疫学教研室Department of Immunology, Bengbu Medical CollegeFeb. to Jun. 2006CONTENTSiCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION1-1 Origination and development of Immunology1-2 Essential points of concepts of immunologyCHATPTER TWO ANTIGEN2-1 Basic concept and types of antigen2-2 The molecular base of antigen2-3 The immunological features of antigen2-4 Invasive and infectious antigensCHAPTER THREE ANTIBODIES3-1 Structures and classes of immunoglobulins3-2 The gene of immunoglobulins3-3 Synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulinsCHAPTER FOUR COMPLEMENT SYSTEM4-1 Composition and physiochemical properties of complement system4-2 Complement activation4-3 The control of complement reaction and biological effect of complements4-4 Biosynthesis of complement and complement deficiencyCHAPTER FIVE CELLS, TISSUES AND ORGANS OF IMMUNE SYSTEM5-1 The structure and function of organs and lymphoid tissue and organs5-2 The cells in immune systemCHAPTER SIX MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX 6-1 Structure and function of major histocompatibility antigen6-2 Gene structure and genetics of major histocompatibilty complex6-3 The Principle and application of detection for MHCCHAPTER SEVEN ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTION AND ITS APPLICATION7-1 Antibody preparations7-2 The principle of antigen-antibody reaction7-3 Common techniques in immuno-analysisCHAPTER EITHT CELL MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE8-1 Basic concept for immune response8-2 The basic process of immune response,8-3 Cell apoptosis and immunityCHAPTER NINE IMMUNE REGULATION9-1 The regulation of antigen and antibody in the immune response9-2 The regulatory effect of immune cells in immune response9-3 Interleukins and Immune regulation9-4 Immune tolerance CHAPTER TEN HYPERSENSITIVITY10-1 Type I Hypersensitivity 10-2 Type II Hypersensitivity (Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity)10-3 Type III Hypersensitivity ( Immune complex hypersensitivity)10-4 Type IV Hypersensitivity (Delayed Type Hypersensitivity)CHAPTER ELEVEN ABNORMAL IMMUNE RESPONSES11-1 Auto immune response 11-2 Transplantation Immunology11-3 Anti-tumor Immunology11-4 Immunologic deficiencyCHAPTER TWELVE THE EVOLUTION OF IMMUNE SYSTEM12-1 The immunity of invertebrate animals12-2 The immune evolution of vertebrate animalsCHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION（绪言）261-1 Origination and development of Immunology1-1-1 Infection and immunity of diseases1-1-2 Foundation and development of the discipline of Immunology1-1-3 Recent development of Immunology1-2 Essential points of concepts of immunology1-2-1 Innate immunity and acquired immunity 1-2-2 Immune response1-2-3 Immunology and practically applications1-2-4 Branches of Immunology and their developmentThe term “IMMUNITY”, originally, and might still be considered by people, means the ability of host to resistance to infectious disease. However, the modern concept of immunity is conferring the host the specific function to recognize and neutralize and/or eliminate foreign materials or substances (biological or non-biological, and even sometime self tissue components) to maintain the homeostasis of host internal environment.Immunity includes innate immunity and acquired immunity, the former is inherent, very quick, and non-specific respond to invasive pathogens; whereas the latter is acquired and adapted after birth of host, and induced specific respond to foreign material (infectious or noninfectious).The Immunology is a study to focusing on how of host to recognition of self and non-self, and how of the response to foreign material (Antigen) and 1-1 Origination and development of Immunology1-1-1 Infection of and immunity to diseasesFetal epidemic disease, smallpox (variola), dead rate by smallpox 30-40%; killed millions of peoples in this globe before nineteenth century.From Song Dynasty Chinese doctor invested a technique called variolation (人痘接种法) to prevent children from smallpox 1798, an young doctor in England, Jenner, created a new method, vaccination （牛痘接种法）, to prevent the children from smallpox, and finally, by using this very effective technique, the smallpox, a fatal epidemic disease has been eliminated in the world, stated by the WHO in 1979. orbility smallpox, measles(, thypho, cholera (伤寒)，anthrax 鼠疫 鼠疫， 疟疾malaria1-1-2 Foundation and development of the discipline of Immunology（1）1. Foundation of immunology(1) Louis Pasteur, was a famous biochemist in France in 19th century, contributed his lots of effort to immunization to prevent animal and human from several serious diseases (cholera霍乱, anthrax炭疽, rabies (狂犬病)-vaccination-active immunization（2）. Development of experimental immunology1-1-3 Recent development of I mmunology(1). Humoral immunology,(2). Cellular immunology1-2 Essential points of concepts of immunology1-2-1 Innate immunity and acquired immunity 1-2-2 immune response1-2-3 Immunology and practically applications1-2-4 Branches of Immunology and their developmentBasic concept or definition for the term “IMMUNITY”, originally, and usually still be considered by common people, means the ability of host to resistance to infectious disease. However, at present, the modern concept of immunity, is conferring the host specific functions to recognize and final neutralize and/or eliminate foreign materials or substances (biological or non-biological, and even sometime self) to maintain the homeostasis of host internal environment.Immunity include innate immunity and acquired immunity, the former is inherent, very quick, and non-specific respond to invasive pathogens; whereas the latter is acquired and adapted after birth of host, and induced specific respond to foreign material (infectious or noninfectious).The Immunology is a study to focusing on how of host to recognition of self and non-self, and how of the response to foreign material (Antigen) and 1-1 Origination and development of Immunology1-1-1 Infection of and immunity to diseasesFetal epidemic disease, smallpox (variola), dead rate by smallpox 30-40%; From Song Dynasty Chinese doctor invested a technique called variolation (人痘接种法) to prevent children from smallpox 1798, an young doctor in England, Jenner, created a new method, vaccination （牛痘接种法）, to prevent the children from smallpox, and finally, by using this very effective technique, the smallpox, a fatal epidemic disease has been eliminated in the world, stated by the WHO in 1979. orbility smallpox, measles(, thypho, cholera (伤寒)霍乱，anthrax炭疽鼠疫 鼠疫， 疟疾malaria1-1-2 Foundation and development of the discipline of Immunology1-1-3 Recent development of Immunology1-2 Essential points of concepts of immunology1-2-1 Innate immunity and acquired immunity 1-2-2 immune response1-2-3 Immunology and practically applications1-2-4 Branches of Immunology and their developmentCHATPTER TWO ANTIGEN（抗原）2-1 Basic concept and types of antigen2-1-1 antigen and immunogen2-1-2 classes/types of antigen2-2 The molecular base of antigen2-2-1 chemical features of antigen2-2-2 antigen determinants2-3 The immunological features of antigen2-3-1 The exogenicity of antigen2-3-2 The relation of immunogenecity to individual and immunization manner2-3-3 The specificity of antigen and immuno-predominance of antigen2-3-4 The immunologic feature of hapten2-4 Invasive and infectious antigens2-4-1 Bacteria2-4-2 Fungi2-4-3 virus2-1 Basic concept and types of antigen2-1-1 antigen and immunogen2-1-2 classes/types of antigen2-2 The molecular base of antigen2-2-1 chemical features of antigen2-2-2 antigen determinants 2-3 The immunological features of antigen2-3-1 The exogenicity of antigen2-3-2 The relation of immunogenecity to individual and immunization manner2-3-3 The specificity of antigen and immuno-predominance of antigen2-3-4 The immunologic feature of hapten2-4 Invasive and infectious antigens2-4-1 Bacteria2-4-2 Fungi2-4-3 VirusCHAPTER THREE ANTIBODIES（抗体）3-1 Structures and classes of Immunoglobulins3-1-1 The basic structure of antibodies 3-1-2 Classes and types of immunoglobulins3-2 The gene of immunoglobulins3-2-1 The gene structures of immunoglobulins3-2-2 Rearrangement and expression of immunoglobulin genes3-2-3 The diversity of immunoglobulin genes 3-3 Synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulin3-3-1 Humoral immune response and the production of antibodies3-3-2 Expression, assemble and secretion of immunoglobulin3-1 Structures and classes of Immunoglobulins3-1-1 The basic structure of antibodies 3-1-2 Classes and types of immunoglobulins3-2 The gene of immunoglobulins3-2-1 The gene structures of immunoglobulins3-2-2 Rearrangement and expression of immunoglobulin genes3-2-3 The diversity of immunoglobulin genes 3-3 Synthesis and secretion of immunoglobulin3-3-1 Humoral immune response and the production of antibodies3-3-2 Expression, assemble and secretion of immunoglobulinCHAPTER FOUR COMPLEMENT SYSTEM（补体系统）4-1 Composition and physiochemical properties of complement system4-1-1 Nomenclature of complement components4-1-2 The physiochemical properties of complement components4-2 Complement activation4-2-1 The Classical pathway of complement activation4-2-2 The lectin pathway of complement activation4-2-3 The alternative pathway of complement activation.4-2-4 Membrane lysing complex formation in late phase of complement activation4-2-5 Comparison of three pathways in complement activation4-3 The control of complement reaction and biological effect of complements4-3-1 Regulating protein of complement activation in serum4-3-2 Regulate protein on the surface of cell membrane4-3-3 Complement receptors4-3-4 The biological function of complement protein4-4 Biosynthesis of complement and complement deficiency4-4-1 The gene of complements4-4-2 The biosynthesis of complement4-4-3 Complement deficiency and complement deficient diseases4-1 Composition and physiochemical properties of complement system4-1-1 Nomenclature of complement components4-1-2 The physiochemical properties of complement components4-2 Complement activation4-2-1 The Classical pathway of complement activation4-2-2 The lectin pathway of complement activation4-2-3 The alternative pathway of complement activation.4-2-4 Membrane lysing complex formation in late phase of complement activation4-2-5 Comparison of three pathways in complement activation4-3 The control of complement reaction and biological effect of complements4-3-1 Regulating protein of complement activation in serum4-3-2 Regulate protein on the surface of cell membrane4-3-3 Complement receptors4-3-4 The biological function of complement protein4-4 Biosynthesis of complement and complement deficiency4-4-1 The gene of complements4-4-2 The biosynthesis of complement4-4-3 Complement deficiency and complement deficient diseases CHAPTER FIVE CELLS, TISSUES AND ORGANS OF IMMUNE SYSTEM（免疫系统的细胞、组织和器官）5-1 The structure and functions of organs and lymphoid tissue and organs5-1-1 The composition and function of primary lymphoid tissues and organs5-1-2 The composition and function of secondary lymphoid tissues and organs5-1-3 Lymphocyte re-circulation5-2 The cells in immune system5-2-1 B cells5-2-2 T cells5-2-3 Natural killer cells and natural suppressor cells5-2-4 phagocytes, granulocytes and mast cells 5-2-5 Langerhans cells and dendritic cells5-1 The structure and function of organs and lymphoid tissue and organs5-1-1 The composition and function of primary lymphoid tissues and organs5-1-2 The composition and function of secondary lymphoid tissues and organs5-1-3 Lymphocyte re-circulation5-2 The cells in immune system5-2-1 B cells5-2-2 T cells5-2-3 Natural killer cells and natural suppressor cells5-2-4 phagocytes, granulocytes and mast cells 5-2-5 Langerhans cells and dendritic cellsCHAPTER SIX MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX（主要组织相容性复合体）6-1 Structure and function of major histocompatibility antigen6-1-1 Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules6-1-2 Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) molecules6-1-3 The structural base of combination of peptide and MHC molecule6-2 Gene structure and genetics of major histocompatibility complex6-2-1 Inheritance and polymorphism of MHC6-2-2 The gene structure of mouse MHC(H-2)6-2-3 The gene structure of human MHC(HLA complex)6-2-4 Discovery and nomenclature of HLA6-3 The Principle and application of detection for MHC6-3-1 Detection of Class I HLA antigen 6-3-2 Detection of Class II HLA antigen 6-3-3 Phenotyping of HLA gene6-3-4 Applications of detection of HLA6-1 Structure and function of major histocompatibility antigen6-1-1 Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules6-1-2 Class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) molecules6-1-3 The structural base of combination of peptide and MHC molecule6-2 Gene structure and genetics of major histocompatibility complex6-2-1 Inheritance and polymorphism of MHC6-2-2 The gene structure of mouse MHC(H-2)6-2-3 The gene structure of human MHC(HLA complex)6-2-4 Discovery and nomenclature of HLA6-3 The Principle and application of detection for MHC6-3-1 Detection of Class I HLA antigen 6-3-2 Detection of Class II HLA antigen 6-3-3 Phenotyping of HLA gene6-3-4 Applications of detection of HLACHAPTER SEVEN ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTION AND ITS APPLICATIONS（抗原抗体反应及其应用）7-1 Antibody preparations7-1-1 Antiserum preparation7-1-2 The preparation of monoclonal antibody7-1-3 The preparation of gene engineering antibody7-1-4 The preparation of catalytic antibody7-2 The principle of antigen-antibody reaction7-2-1 Thermodynamics and dynamics of antigen-antibody reaction7-2-2 The reaction of antibody to mono valent antigen7-2-3 The reaction of antibody to polyvalent antigen7-3 Common techniques in immune-analysis7-3-1 immune precipitation7-3-2 immune labeling7-3-3 In site immune-analysis7-3-4 Other applications for antigen-antibody reaction7-1 Antibody preparations7-1-1 Antiserum preparation7-1-2 The preparation of monoclonal antibody7-1-3 The preparation of gene engineering antibody7-1-4 The preparation of catalytic antibody7-2 The principle of antigen-antibody reaction7-2-1 Thermodynamics and dynamics of antigen-antibody reaction7-2-2 The reaction of antibody to monovalent antigen7-2-3 The reaction of antibody to polyvalent antigen7-3 Common techniques in immuno-analysis7-3-1 immunoprecipitation7-3-2 immune labeling7-3-3 In site immuno-analysis7-3-4 Other applications for antigen-antibody reactionCHAPTER EITHT CELL MEDIATED IMMUNE RESPONSE（细胞介导的免疫应答）8-1 Basic concept for immune response8-1-1 Non-specificity and specificity of immune response8-1-2 Active immunity, passive immunity and adoptive immunity8-1-3 Anergy8-2 The basic process of immune response,8-2-1 Antigen presenting cells 8-2-2 T cell activation8-2-3 Exogenous antigen induced immune response8-2-4 Endogenous antigen induced immune response8-3 Cell apoptosis and immunity8-3-1 The features of cell apoptosis8-3-2 Detection of cell apoptosis8-3-3 Effect of cell apoptosis on the immune response8-1 Basic concept for immune response8-1-1 Non-specificity and specificity of immune response8-1-2 Active immunity, passive immunity and adoptive immunity8-1-3 Anergy8-2 The basic process of immune response,8-2-1 Antigen presenting cells 8-2-2 T cell activation8-2-3 Exogenous antigen induced immune response8-2-4 Endogenous antigen induced immune response8-3 Cell apoptosis and immunity8-3-1 The features of cell apoptosis8-3-2 Detection of cell apoptosis8-3-3 Effect of cell apoptosis on the immune responseCHAPTER NINE IMMUNE REGULATION（免疫调节）9-1 The regulation of antigen and antibody in the immune response9-1-1 The antigen regulation9-1-2 The antibody regulation9-1-3 The regulatory effect of idiotype - anti-idiotype antibodies9-2 The regulatory effect of immune cells in immune response9-2-1 Immune regulation of T cells9-2-2 Immune regulation of other immune cells9-3 Interleukins and Immune regulation9-3-1 The catalog of cytokines9-3-2 Interleukins9-3-3 Other cytokines produced by T cells9-4 Immune tolerance 9-4-1 Discovery of the immune tolerance9-4-2 Foundation requirement and induction pathway of immune tolerance9-