农田墒情论文基于ARM和GPRS的农田墒情远程监测系统的.doc

农田墒情论文：基于ARM和GPRS的农田墒情远程监测系统的研究与设计【中文摘要】农田墒情信息监测是我国农业发展的方向,也是数字化监测技术研究的内容之一。数字化监测与控制技术作为农田信息的监测和控制体系,在很大程度上提高了农业信息采集在自动化领域中的地位。本设计综合运用嵌入式技术、自动控制技术及无线通信技术设计开发了一套功能完备的农田墒情远程监测系统。本系统重点对农田现场信号进行采集、处理、传输以及实施农田墒情的远程实时监测,设计了一套完整的封闭式的嵌入式农田信息采集、处理系统和基于GPRS无线网络的数据传输系统。本论文主要完成了如下研究内容:(1)研究了常用的嵌入式系统包括嵌入式操作系统、微处理器等的组成结构,软硬件系统和开发、调试手段,进行了软硬件的选型,分析了不同的无线传输方式,对所需最佳传输方式选型。(2)构建了农田墒情监测系统的总体结构,系统采用基于ARM9的S3C2410微处理器为核心控制器,通过外围电路的扩展,形成控制中心硬件平台。在此平台上进行操作系统和文件系统的移植。(3)在Linux操作系统上开发了温度传感器DS18B20的驱动程序,实现了温度数据的采集,并在嵌入式操作系统下通过GPRS将农田墒情信息传输到监测中心,实现了农田墒情的远程实时监测。(4)完成了系统监测中心的人机交互界面,使界面能够动态显示农田实时参数,符合操作习惯。通过人机交互界面,操作者和用户可以直接获得农田现场各传感器采集的数据信息,各种传感器的工作状态以及能够及时得到参数报警信息。(5)监测中心计算机通过组态王软件的Web发布,实现系统更远程的监测,使用户通过远程浏览器就可访问农田现场墒情。采用该监测系统对农田信息进行初步测试,证明此远程监测系统结构设计合理,使用方便灵活,且便于系统修改和维护;监测画面能够及时、准确地动态反映出农田信息参数的状况,对传感器采集信息出现的异常情况能做出及时报警;上位机和下位机通信良好,监测画面与现场传感器能够很好的实现同步作业,达到了对现场传感器信号采集的实时监测;并且可以实现更远程的监测。【英文摘要】The soil moisture monitoring is the direction of agriculture development in our country, and also is one of the research contents of digital monitoring technology. This Digital monitoring and control technology technology as a monitoring and controlling system of farmland information is large extent to raise the status of agricultural information collection in the field of automation.This design has developed a set of the soil moisture remote monitoring system with complete function synthetically using embedded technology, the automation control technology and wireless communication technology.This system mainly research farmland field signal acquisition, processing and transmission and implement remote real-time monitor for soil moisture, based on this, a complete closed-end embedded farmland information collection, processing system and data transmission system based on GPRS wireless network is set. This thesis has mainly finished the following research contents:(1) The paper researches the common embedded system including the structure of embedded operating system and microprocessors, software and hardware systems and method of development and debugging, the software and hardware are selected. Moreover, different wireless transmissions are analyzed and best mode is selected.(2)The overall structure the soil moisture monitoring system is constructed. In the system, the S3C2410 microprocessor based on ARM9 is conducted core controller, and the control center hardware platform is formed through expansion of peripheral circuit. Transplantation of operating system and the file system are completed in this platform.(3)The temperature sensor DS18B20 driver is developed in the Linux operating system, system realized data acquisition of the temperature, and the soil moisture information were transmitted to the monitoring center by GPRS in embedded operating system, which realized the remote real-time monitor of the soil moisture.(4)The system completed the man-machine interface of system monitoring center which could can display real time parameter dynamically and accord with operation habit., Operators and users can obtain data information collected by sensors directly through the man-machine interface, working condition of various sensors and timely alarm information.(5)Monitoring center computer realized the more remote monitoring system by using Web publishing of the kingview, which made users can access farmland site moisture content through remote browser.Through adopting this monitoring system carry on the initial test to the monitoring of the farmland information,proving that the structure of this remote monitoring system is reasonable in the design. It is convenient and flexible to use and convenient to revise and also easy to maintain. The monitor screen could promptly and accurately reflect the condition of the farmland information with the form of dynamiction. It can give a timely warning in abnormal situation when sensors collect information. The good correspondence of on position machine and the lower position machines cause that the monitoring picture and the field sensors can complete synchronization work very well and complete the real-time monitoring to field singal collection. And also it can be achieved the long-distance monitoring.【关键词】农田墒情 ARM 远程监测系统 信息采集 GPRS【英文关键词】soil moisture information ARM remote monitoring system information acquistion GPRS【目录】基于ARM和GPRS的农田墒情远程监测系统的研究与设计摘要5-6ABSTRACT6-7第一章 绪论10-161.1 课题的提出和意义10-111.1.1 课题研究的背景101.1.2 课题研究的意义10-111.2 国内外研究11-141.3 论文主要研究内容141.4 论文的结构安排14-16第二章 系统方案选型16-222.1 嵌入式系统方案选型16-192.1.1 定义和结构162.1.2 微处理器、外围扩展电路和操作系统16-182.1.3 嵌入式系统方案选型18-192.2 无线通讯方式选型19-212.2.1 常见的无线数据传输方式192.2.2 几种公用移动通信系统19-202.2.3 通信网络的评判标准和选择20-212.3 小结21-22第三章 系统总体设计及硬件平台22-283.1 系统需求分析223.2 系统方案及总体结构22-233.3 系统硬件平台23-273.3.1 农田墒情采集传感器23-253.3.2 嵌入式控制板25-263.3.3 GPRS 无线通信模块26-273.4 本章小结27-28第四章 农田墒情监测系统设计28-374.1 Linux 操作系统的移植28-294.1.1 在计算机上安装Linux 操作系统284.1.2 建立交叉编译环境284.1.3 内核编译28-294.1.4 Linux 操作系统的移植主要包含以下几个步骤294.2 传感器驱动及信息采集程序设计29-334.2.1 DS18B20 传感器驱动程序的设计29-324.2.2 DS18B20 传感器的采集程序32-334.3 GPRS 数据传输的实现33-364.4 本章小结36-37第五章 系统监测终端软件设计37-475.1 组态软件简介37-395.1.1 组态软件特点37-3