英语单复数变换.doc

一、 绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。 读音变化：结尾是清辅音读s，结尾是浊辅音或元音读z。 例：friendfriends; catcats; stylestyles; sportsports; piecepieces 二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。 读音变化：统一加读iz。 例：busbuses; quizquizzes; foxfoxes; matchmatches; flashflashes 三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。 读音变化：加读z。 例：candycandies; daisydaisies; fairyfairies; ladyladies; storystories 四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。 读音变化：加读z。 例：tomatotomatoes; potatopotatoes; torpedotorpedoes; bingobingoes 反例：; pianopianos（外来词）; photophotos; 五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。读音变化：尾音f改读vz。例：knifeknives;lifelives;leafleaves;staffstaves;scarfscarves反例：roofroofs六、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化：保持原音。例：fishfish;sheepsheep;cattlecattle;deerdeer;七、极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化：没有规律。 例：manmen; womanwomen; childchildren; personpeople; oxoxen 公牛八、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词 例： footfeet; manmen mousemice; toothteeth; womanwomen 十、一些名词虽分单数、复数，但出现次数多的总是单数词 例：abscence; clothing; film; help; furniture家具; machinery机械; news; scenery风景; sugar; traffic交通 十一、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多 例：bellows风箱; clothes; police; shorts短裤; scissors剪刀; spectacles眼镜; shears大剪刀 trousers长裤; wages工资 十二、若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 例：pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 十三、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思， 例：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼 十四、除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。 例：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters 以O结尾的词，许多加es构成复数，特别是一些常用词如heroes,potatoes,tomatoes, mangoes,但下面几类词只加s：1.以元音+o或oo结尾的词 如:videos,radios,studios,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos, 2.一些外来词，特别是音乐方面的词，如：pianos, 3.一些缩写词和专有名词，如：kilos,photos,leaf_ puppy_ box_ knife_ fly_ fox_ bus_ bench_ brush_ kiss_ church_ dish_ ruler_ peach_ glass_ pencil_ boy_ zoo_ man_ roof_ sheep_ knife_ lady_ key_ story_ watch_ bamboo_ city_ family_ day_ apple_ eraser_ speech_ thief_ mouse_ fish_ goose_ people _ ox_ Chinese _ deer _ foot_ child_ tooth_ guy_ hero_ spy_ boss_ monkey_ city _ goat _ radio _ horse _ dog 用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空： 1 There are so many_wolves_(wolf)in the forest.2 2There are three _chairs_(chair) in the classroom. 3 3These _tomatoes_(tomato) are red. 4 4_heroes_(hero) are great. 5 5My brother looks after two _(baby) 6 6There are some _(deer) eating the grass. 7 7My father likes to eat _(potato). 8 8Chinese _(people)like to eat noodles. 9 9I have a lot of _(toy) in my bedroom. 10 10I help my mother wash _(dish) in the kitchen. 11 11I have two _(pencil-box). 12 12There are some _(bus)in the street. 13 13Peter has eight _feet_(foot). 14 14Linda has three _teeth_(tooth). 15 15There are some _children_(child) in the garden. 16 16Michael likes the _mice_(mouse). 17 17There are some _(goose)in the river.主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致一单项选择：18 1.Eatingvegetables_goodforourhealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.was19 2.Morethanoneperson_madethesuggestion.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.have20 3.Ithink_ofthematerialsIlistenedtoatthebeginningoftheexam_easy.A.twothirds;isB.secondthree;areC.twothirds;areD.twothird;are4.NeitheryounorLinHua_totheGreatWallbefore.A.hadbeenB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.havebeen5.Thewriterandteacher_comingnow.A.isB.areC.hasD.have21 6.Something_gonewrongwithmyTVset.22 A.hasB.haveC.isD.are23 7.Nothingbutgrassandtrees_t