Spss菜单解释.doc

SpssData菜单子菜单用途说明Define Date定义日期,此选项用于定义日期和时间格式变量Insert Variable插入变量Insert Case插入观测量Goto Case定位到观测量Sort Case观测量排序分类Transpose转置Restructure.*重新构建数据文件Merge FilesAdd CasesAdd Variables添加一组或多组观测量,合并文件添加一个或多个变量,合并文件Aggregate汇总或合计Split File分拆文件Select Cases选择观测量Weight Cases 观测量加权Transform菜单子菜单用途说明Compute计算,如平均值Random Number See设置随机种子Count计数RecodeInto Same VariableInto Defferent Variable变量重新赋值给同一变量变量重新赋值给不同变量Categorize Variables连续变量分类Rank Cases观测量求秩Automatic Recode自动赋值Create Time Series产生时间序列Replace Missing Values缺失值替换Run Pending Transforms*运行、挂起变换Statistics菜单子菜单用途说明Reports（统计报告）OLAP CubesCase SummariesReport Summaries in RowsReport Summaries in Columns层次分析报告观测量概述行概述报告列概述报告Descriptives Statistics（描述性统计）FrequenciesDescriptivesExploreCrosstabsRatio频数分析统计描述数据探索交叉表，或列联表比率统计Compare Means（均值比较）MeansOne-Sample T TestIndependent-Sample T TestPaired-Sample T TestOne-Way ANOVA均值比较单样本T检验独立样本T检验配对样本T检验单因素方差分析General Linear Model（一般线形模型）Univariate通用线形因子分析Correlate（相关分析）BivariatePartialDistances二元相关过程偏相关过程距离分析过程Regression（回归分析）LinearCurve estimation线形回归分析曲线估计Classify（聚类和判断分析）k-means clusterhierarchical clusterdiscriminant K-均值聚类分析层次分析判别分析Data Reduction（数据简化）Factor因子分析Scale*（比例分析）Reliability AnalysisMultidimensional Scaling可靠性分析多维比例分析Nonparametric Tests（非参数检验）Chi-sqaureBinomialRuns1-sample K-S2 independent samplesK independent samples2 Related samplesK related samples卡方检验法二项检验法游程检验法单个样本的K-S检验两个独立样本的K-S检验K个独立样本的K-S检验两个相关样本的检验K个相关样本的检验Multiple Response*（多重响应）Define setErequenciesCrosstabs 定义多重响应集多重响应频数表多重响应交叉表Accuracy 精确度 ，actual frequency 实际频数，adjusted value 校正值，alternative hypothesis 备选假设，analysis of convariance 协方差分析，analysis of variance, ANOVA 方差分析，arithmetic mean 算数均数，asymmetric distribution 非对称分布，autocorrelation 自相关，censored data 截尾数据， censoring 删失 失访 终检，central limit theorem 中心极限定理，central tendency 集中趋势，chance error 随机误差，class mid-value 组中值，cluster analysis 聚类分析，cluster sampling 整群抽样，coding 编码，coefficient of contingency 列联系数，coefficient of correlation 相关系数，bar chart 条图，bayes theorem 贝叶斯定理，bias 偏性，binomial distribution 二项分布，bivariate normal distribution 双变量正态分布，block 区组，box plot 箱图，canonical correlation 典型相关，case-control study 病例一一对照研究，categorical variable 分类变量，cell 单元，coefficient of determination 决定系数，coefficient of partial correlation 偏相关系数，coefficient of product-moment correlation 积差相关系数，coefficient of rank correlation 等级相关系数，coefficient of regression 回归系数，coefficient of variation 变异系数，coefficient of skewness 偏度系数，cohort study 队列研究，communality variance 公共方差，comparability 可比性，complete association 完全相关，complete random design 完全随机设计，degree of freedom 自由度，conditional likelihood 条件似然，conditional probability 条件概率，confidence interval CI 可信（置信）区间，confidence limit CL 可信（置信）限，confirmatory factor analysis 验证性因子分析，confirmatory research 验证性研究，degree of reliability 可靠度，density function 密度函数，dependent variable 因变量，deviation 离差，discrete variable 离散变量，discriminant analysis 判别分析，conjoint analysis 联合分析，consistency test 一致性检验，constraint 约束，contingency table 列联表，contribution rate 贡献率，control 对照 控制，controlled experiments 对照实验，correction 校正，correction for continuity 连续性校正，correlation 相关，correlation analysis 相关分析，correlation coefficient 相关系数，distribution 分布，distribution-free method 任意分布方法 分布自由方法，dose response curve 剂量反应曲线，dummy variable 哑变量 虚拟变量，eigenvalue 特征值 特征根，eigenvector 特征向量，equivariance 等方差，error 误差，error of estimate 估计误差，estimated value 估计值，correspondence analysis 对应分析，counts 计数 频数，covariance 协方差，Cox regression Cox回归，criteria for fitting 拟合准则，critical value 临界值，cross-over design 交叉设计，cross-section analysis 横断面分析，eigenvalue特征值,特征根eigenvector特征向量equivariance等方差error误差error of estimate估计误差estimatedvalue估计值euclidean distance欧氏距离event事件expected values期望值design of experiment实验设计exploratory data analysis探索性数据分析exponential curve指数曲线extrapolation外推法extremes极端值,极值，forecast预测fourfold table四格表frequency频数frequency distribution频数分布 general linear model, GLM一般线性模型generalized linear model广义线性模型geometric mean几何均数goodness of fit拟合优度，half-life半衰期harmonic mean调和均数hazard function风险函数，hazardrate风险率heterogeneity异质heterogeneity of variance方差不齐heteroscedasticity 方差不齐hierarchical clustering method分层聚类法histogram直方图homogeneity同质,齐性，homogeneityof variance同方差性homogeneitytest齐性检验homoscedasticity方差齐性hypothesistest假设检验，independence独立性independentvariable自变量initial mean vectors初始凝聚点interaction交互效应intercept截距interpolation插值inter-quartile range四分位数间距，intervalestimation区间估计inversematrix逆矩阵iteration迭代，K-meansmethodK-均值聚类法Kaplan-MeriercurveKaplan-Merier曲线kendallsrankcorrelationKendall等级相关Kolmogorov-SmirnovtestK-S检验KruskalandWallistestK-W检验,H检验kurtosis峰度Llackoffit拟合劣度,失拟Latinsquaredesign拉丁方设计leastsquaremethod最小二乘法legend图例level水平levelofsignificance统计意义水平，lifetable寿命表likelihoodfunction似然函数likelihoodratiotest似然比检验linegraph线图linear线性linearcorrelation直线相关linearequation线性方程linearprogramming线性规划linearregression线性回归，lineartrend线性趋势loading载荷log-ranktest时序检验logarithmicscale对数尺度logisticregressionlogistic回归logittransformationlogit转换loglinearmodel对数线性模型Mmaineffect主效应matcheddata配对资料matching匹配maximumlikelihoodmethod最大似然法maximumlikelihoodratiotest似然比检验，mean均值meansquare,MS均方measurementbias测量性偏倚median中位数medianeffectivedose半数效量medianlethaldose半数致死量mediansurvivaltime中位生存时间mediantest中位数检验M-estimatorsM估计量minimumlethaldose最小致死量missing value缺失值multidimensionalscalinganalysis, MDS多维尺度分析，multinomialdistribution多项分布multiplecomparison多重比较multiplecorrelation复相关,多重相关multiplecovariance多元协方差multiplelinearregression多重线性回归multipleresponse多重应答,多选题multistagesampling多级抽样multivariateregression多元回归multivariatestatisticalanalysis多变量统计分析,多元统计分析，negativecorrelation负相关nostatisticalsignificance无统计学意义nominalvariable名义变量nonlinearregression非线性回归nonparametricstatistics非参数统计nonparametrictest非参数检验normaldistribution正态分布nullhypothesis原假设,无效假设numericalvariable数值变量Oobservationunit观察单位observedvalue观测值oddsratio,OR优势比,比数比，one-sidedtest单侧检验one-wayANOVA单因素方差分析optimumallocation最优分配orderstatistics顺序统计量orderedcategories有序分类orthogonalexperimentaldesign正交试验设计outlier异常值,离群值overallsurvey普查Ppaireddesign配对设计paired(matched)t-test配对t检验parameter参数，parametricstatistics参数统计parametrictest参数检验partialcorrelation偏相关partiallikelihood偏似然函数partialregressioncoefficient偏回归系数pathanalysis路径分析percentbargraph百分条图percentage百分比,百分数percentile百分位数,位点periodicity周期性piegraph饼图,圆图，placebo安慰剂pointestimation点估计PoissondistributionPoisson分布polynomialcurve多项式曲线population总体populationmean总体均值positivecorrelation正相关posteriordistribution后验分布powerofatest检验效能powerofstatistics检验效能precision精度principalcomponentanalysis主成分分析priordistribution先验分布productmoment乘积矩,协方差，product-limitmethod乘积极限法proportion构成比prospectivestudy前瞻性研究P-valueP值Qqualitativeevaluation定性评价qualitativemethod定性方法quantile-quantileplotQ-Q图quantitativeanalysis定量分析quantitativeevaluation定量评价quartile四分位数questionnaire问卷quickcluster 快速聚类，randomevent随机事件randomsampling随机抽样randomization随机化randomizedallocation随机分配randomizedblockdesign随机区组设计randomizedcontroltrial随机对照试验randomizeddoubleblindcontroltrial随机双盲对照试验range极差,全距rankcorrelation等级(秩)相关ranksumtest秩和检验，rankeddata等级资料rate率ratio比rawdata原始资料regressionanalysis回归分析regressioncoefficient回归系数regressionSS回归平方和relativenumber相对数relativerisk,RR相对危险度reliability可靠度,信度replacementlevel更替水平，residual 残差 residual standard deviation 剩余标准差 ，residualsumofsquare残差平方和ridgetrace岭迹riditanalysisRidit分析riskratio危险比,风险比rotation旋转rctablerc表Ssample样本samplesize样本量samplingerror抽样误差samplingfraction抽样比samplingstudy抽样研究samplingsurvey抽样调查，scale测量尺度scatterdiagram散点图scoretest比分检验screening筛检selectionbias选择性偏倚semilogarithmiclinegraph半对数线图sequentialdesign序贯设计signtest符号检验signedrank符号秩significancelevel显著性水准significancetest显著性检验simplecorrelation简单相关simpleregression简单回归，skewness偏度slope斜率spearmanrankcorrelationspearman等级相关sphericaldistribution球型分布standarddeviation,SD标准差,标准离差standarderror,SE标准误,标准误差standardnormaldistribution标准正态分布standardization标准化standardizedpartialregressioncoefficient标准化偏回归系数statistic统计量statisticalcontrol统计控制，statisticalgraph统计图statisticalinference统计推断statisticalsignificance统计学意义statisticaltable统计表stemandleafgraph茎叶图step-wisemethod逐步法strata层(复数)stratification分层stratifiedclustersampling分层整群抽样stratifiedsampling分层抽样structuralequationmodeling结构方程模型sumofsquares离差平方和sumofsquaresofdeviationsfrommean 离均差平方和，survey调查survivalanalysis生存分析survivalcurve生存曲线survivalprobability生存概率survivalrate生存率survivaltime生存时间symmetry对称syntheticindex综合指数syntheticalevaluation综合评价systematicerror系统误差，systematicsampling系统抽样Tt-distributiont分布tendencyofdispersion离散趋势teststatistic检验统计量testingof hypotheses假设检验theoreticalfrequency理论频数time seriesanalysis时间序列分析，t-testt检验two-sidedtest双侧检验two-stageleastsquaresmethod二阶段最小二乘法two-stagesampling二阶段抽样two-stepcluster两步聚类法two-tailedprobability双尾概率two-tailedtest双侧检验two-wayANOVA两因素方差分析two-waytable双向表typeI errorI类错误typeIIerrorII类错误，unbiasedestimate无偏估计uniformdistribution均匀分布upperlimit上限u-testu检验Vvariable变量variance方差variancecomponentestimation方差分量估计varimaxorthogonalrotation方差最大化正交旋转，weight权重weightedlinearregressio