中级BEC剑桥商务英语阅读写作复习资料.doc

Discussion(three very important topics!)(一) Trade FairYour company is attending a trade fair in a foreign country for the first time.You have been asked to help with the preparations for the trip.Discuss the situation together, and decide: What travel and accommodation arrangements you will need to make before the trip? Which kinds of business customs in the foreign country would be useful to know about, and how could one find about these before the trip.Candidate A: It is the first time for our company to attend a trade fair in Paris. So we have to do a lot of preparations before we set off. Do you think so?Candidate B: I m of exactly the same idea. Firstly, I think we must arrange an appropriate schedule. For example, we should arrive a day earlier to give us time to adjust and acclimatize.Candidate A: I agree entirely. As we know, travel fatigue, climatic changes, jet lag, foreign food, etc. will all have great effect on us.Candidate B: Yes. And then we should book air tickets and reserve accommodations in advance.Candidate A: Yes. I think we should contact the travel agent because it can offer variety of choices and discount.Candidate B: Thats just what I was thinking. Then, we must remind every participant that cultural differences can cause a lot of misunderstandings and even break a deal. So they should learn more about French culture.Candidate A: Can you put things into the perspective?Candidate B: For instance, shaking hands with everyone present, inviting your customers to lunch rather than dinner, avoiding talking business over the main course, etc. are all basic business customs that our participants should bear in mind.Candidate A: I go along with you about that. I think we can invite French people to give every participant lecture to help them familiarize with French culture.Candidate B: Ok, thats agreed. Ill present our ideas to the board of directors. Nice talking with you.（二） Organizing a PR EventYour company is organizing the press launch of a new model of its car.You have been asked to help with the preparations for the event.Discuss the situation together, and decide: Who you will invite to attend your press conference. What information is needed in the press conference.Candidate A: Our company is organizing a press conference to launch our latest model. We must make careful planning and considerate arrangements to ensure the most satisfying outcome.Candidate B: True enough. I think the first thing we should take into consideration is the people we shall invite to the press conference. What are your views on this?Candidate A: As I see it, we should target most important motoring magazines, national papers, major regional papers and freelance journalists, etc.Candidate B: Thats a good point. When the public reads positive things in their favorite magazine or newspaper, they are the journalists own comments and therefore much more powerful than advertising because they arent influenced by the organization.Candidate A: Yes. So, our goal is to communicate the quality and image of our cars to the motoring press.Candidate B: Then, how about the information needed in the press conference. Would you comment on this point?Candidate A: I think we should make sure that press information packs are accessible to everyone present.Candidate B: I wonder if you could explain it in more detail.Candidate A: sure. The information packs include, for example, brochures about specifications of our advanced cars, the most attractive pictures reflecting the modern image of our cars, etc.Candidate B: I agree entirely. Whats more, I think welcome information and itineraries for guests should also be prepared in advance.Candidate A: Oh, exactly.（三）Entertaining clients Entertaining Foreign Clients！Your company is entertaining a group of foreign clients for three days, including one non-working day.You have been asked to plan a programme for the visit.Discuss the situation together, and decide:l What kinds of activities would be suitable for the visitl What information it would be useful to know about the clients before finalizing the programmeInterlocutor: Select one or more of the following questions as appropriate, to redress any imbalance or to broaden the discussion.l What kinds of arrangements need to be made before foreign visitors arrive? (Why?)l Are there any disadvantages for a company in having a visit from foreign clients? (Why / Why not?)l Where would you take foreign visitors in your home town? (Why?)l Would you enjoy looking after business visitors for a few days? (Why / Why not?)l What problem might there be when socializing with foreign business people? (Why?)l What are the long-term benefits of establishing personal contacts with foreign clients? Examination Strategies 1）看清问题、紧扣主题、合理分配时间 2）和搭档注意配合，切忌一边倒 3）如何合理的利用准备时间 Discussion Functional Sentences（一） 开始某个话题Lets start with Shall we begin with So, the first item on the agenda is Linda, would you like to kick off?（二） 结束某个话题Right, I think that covers the first item.Shall we leave that item?If you dont have anything else to add, （三） 转移话题Lets move on to the next item The next question on the agenda is Now lets come to the question of （四） 打断对方Excuse me, may I interrupt?Just a moment, but Can I say something here?Mark, sorry, Sorry to interrupt, but （五） 评价1 同意Thats a good point.I agree with you. I cant agree with you more.I see what you mean.Yes, Thats quite a good idea.Thats absolutely true.2 反对I totally disagree with you.I couldnt agree less.You must be joking!（六） 询问对方意见What do you think about this?Whats your opinion on this?Have you considered I havent heard your opinion about （七） 表达自己观点I think/feel/believe that You mentioned that , but, in my view In my opinion, we should Id like to point out Let me emphasize My view is that Just let me finish.（八） 评论Thats a good idea/an excellent idea.Thats very interesting.Im sure wed all agree with that.Thats a very good point/an important point.（九） 要求对方澄清观点I dont see what youre getting at.Im not sure what you mean.Im not sure what you are saying.Its not clear what you mean.（十） 避免跑题Were missing the point.Were getting off the point.Lets get back to the main point.Its not on the agenda, but （十一） 回应Thats marvelous.Thats great.Thats fine.OK. All right.I see your point.I understand your concern.更加口语化的表达方式 1. 口语化表达简单同意a. Yeah!b. How true!c. Exactly!d. Absolutely!e. Well said!f. You got it!g. You bet!h. Thats for sure.i. My opinion exactly! 2. 表同意a. I share your view on that!b. Oh, yes, I couldnt agree with you more, you are genient!c. Okey, you are the doctor.d. I dont think anyone would disagree.e. I have no problem with that.f. I couldnt have said it better.g. I wish I had said that.h. I am with you there.i. I think I will go along with your proposal. 3. 部分同意a. Could be!b. Yes, youve point there.c. So it seems! （似乎有点道理）d. So to speak!e. In the manner of speaking.f. I agree with much of what you said.g. Thats one way of looking at it, I admit. 4. 口语化表达不同意a. Not really.b. Not at all.c. Of course not.d. No way.e. Not a chance. 5. 不同意a. Do you really think so?b. I am not convinced.c. Dont speak too soon.d. I will believe it when I see it.e. Im afraid we dont see eye to eye on this.f. That was not the case. 6. 强不同意a. No, I dont agree. Dont waste your breath.b. You must be joking. / kiddingc. You cant be serious.d. You are way off base. (棒不在垒上)e. You dont know up from down.f. Over my dead body.g. I wasnt born yesterday.h. Thats ridiculous.i. Its pure fiction.j. Non-sense!k. Bullshit!l. Thats out of the question! Oral English materials1. How to maintain customer interest in a companys products ？As is known to all, it is very important for a company to maintain customer interest in their products. I think a company should try every possible way to retain its current customers. First, it should always make sure that it provides its customers with quality goods and after-sales service. Second, it should lay enough emphasis on the feedback from its current customers and take prompt action to take care of their needs and demands. Third, if possible it may provide some incentives to its old customers. For example, it can grant a certain discount to them if their purchases reach a certain amount. Apart from all these, a company should design strategies to attract new customers and create transactions with them, to expand their customer base, so to speak. These strategies include product diversification and upgrading. All in all, a company should try its utmost to keep its current customers satisfied with its products and services, and at the same time it should stay ahead of the market through product and pricing strategies.2. How to fill a key vacancy?In order to fill a key vacancy, a company will usually follow the same standard procedure. It will begin by producing an accurate job description of what it would like the successful candidate to do. From this, it can then produce a profile of this ideal candidate, which is a list of skills, experience, attributes and so on.Having produced this profile, the company must then decide on the best recruitment method to capture a candidate with this profile. This might be an internal advertisement or an external advertisement in a newspaper, on the Internet say, even an agency or perhaps a headhunter.Having decided on the best recruitment method, the advertisements are then placed or the headhunter contacted and a list of candidates will be then drawn up to be put through the companys recruitment processes. This might be interviews, psychometric tests or even hand-writing analysis. This will then produce the ideal candidate for the company.The company will then have to negotiate terms with this candidate and, hopefully, this will result in terms which are both affordable for the company and attractive enough to get the candidate they want.3、Career Planning: how to assess the career opportunities provided by different types of companiesCareer PlanningEven after a job is offered and accepted, career decisions must be made. On-the-job experience may affect the desired path. Aspiring to achieve a position above the present position is natural. The planned career path to that position may involve either a series of promotions within the firm or switching to a different firm. While planning a career path is a useful motivator, the plans should be achievable. If everyone planned to be president of a company, most plans would not be achieved. This can cause frustration. A preferable career path would include short-term goals, since some ultimate goals may take twenty years or longer. The use of short-term goals can reinforce confidence as goals are achieved.Career Development: the importance of acquiring a range of skills throughout your careerIt is important a person to have a range of skills in the course of his career development. When he has a range of skills, he is obviously more competitive than those who dont and therefore has more chances of promotion. And it will be easier for him to find a job outside his company if he is not satisfied with his present job. In addition, a person with a range of skills is more likely to work his way up to the top of the corporate ladder.4、Human Resources: how to provide effective support for new members of staff Training: The importance of a continuous programme of staff training within a companyStaff Management: how to achieve and maintain high motivation among a workforce Motivating Employees: Employees tend to be more satisfied with their jobs if they are provided (1) compensation that is aligned with their performance, (2) job security, (3) a flexible work schedule, and (4) employee involvement programs. Firms should offer job security, compensation that is tied to employee performance, more flexible work schedules, and more employee involvement programs. To the extent that job satisfaction can motivate employees to improve their performance, firms may be able to a higher production level by providing greater job satisfaction.5、Marketing Research Managers cannot always wait for information to arrive in bits and pieces from the marketing intelligence system. They often require formal studies of specific situations. For example, Toshiba wants to know how many and what kinds of people or companies will buy its new superfast laptop computer. Or Barat College in Lake Forest, Illinois, needs to know what percentage of its target market has heard of Barat, how they heard, what they know, and how they feel about Barat. In such situations, the marketing intelligence system will not provide the detailed information needed. Managers will need marketing research. We define marketing research as the systematic design, collection, analysis, and reporting of data and findings relevant to a specific marketing situation facing an organization. Every marketer needs research. Marketing researchers engage in a wide variety of activities, ranging from market potential and market share studies, to assessments of customer satisfaction and purchase behavior, to studies of pricing, distribution, and promotion activities. A company can conduct marketing research in its own research department or have some or all of it done outside. Although most large companies have their own marketing research departments, they often use outside firms to do special research tasks or studies. A company with no research department has to buy the services of research firms.6、Marketing: the importance of packaging products appropriately.In recent times, numerous factors have made packaging an important marketing tool. Increased competition and clutter on retail store shelves means that packages now must perform many sales tasks-from attracting attention, to describing the product, to making the sale. Companies are realizing the power of good packaging to create instant consumer recognition of the company or brand. For example, in an average supermarket, which stocks 15,000 to 17,000 items, the typical shopper passes by some 300 items per minute, and 53 percent of all purchases are made on impulse. In this highly competitive environment, the package may be the sellers last chance to influence buyers. It becomes a five-second commercial. The Campbell Soup Company estimates that the average shopper sees its familiar red and white can 76 times a year, creating the equivalent of $26 million worth of advertising.7. Health & SafetyEmployee Safety: Firms ensure that the workplace is safe for employees by closely monitoring the production process. Some obvious safety precautions are to check machinery and equipment for proper working conditions, require safety glasses or any other equipment that one can prevent injury, and emphasize any special safety precautions in training seminars.Firms that create a safe working environment prevent injuries and improve the morale of their employees. Many firms, such as Allied Signal, now identify workplace safety as one of their main goals. Levi Strauss and Company imposes safety guidelines not only its U.S. facilities but also on Asian factories where some of its clothes are made. Starbucks Coffee Company has developed a code of conduct in an attempt to improve the quality of life in coffee-producing countries.8. WHAT IS IMPORTANT WHEN? Selecting applicants for a job Working experience Personal qualities I choose topic A-what is important when selecting applicants for a job. As to this topic, as far as I am concerned, there are 3 things to consider. First, I think working experience is very important when selecting applicants. Applicants who have already had the work experience in the relevant fields will learn the new job easier and quicker. And it will also save the company a lot of training fees if the applicant has related experience. Second, we must consider the personal qualities of the applicants, such as personality and health. Companies tend to employ people whose character fits a special job. For example, consulting company tends to employ applicant who is analytical and knowledgeable, but advertising agents like their employees to be energetic and creative. Third, I believe language is of great importance when selecting applicants. Nowadays, we do business with people from all over the world. Always we buy goods from Africa, and sell our electronic product to Europe; a foreign language especially English is needed if the company wants to expand to the world. Applicants who can speak one or more foreign languages will have a better chance to get the job. Sample 2As we all know, the criteria used by HR professionals in screening and selecting applicants normally include such factors as working experience, personal qualities and communicative skills.Firstly, we pay a lot of attention to working experience of the applicant. A person with a solid record of related experience is more likely to fit in with a new company. Therefore he or she can be trusted to fulfill the tasks and solve the problems in a more professional and competent way. In addition to this, we also look at the personal qualities of the applicant. Does he or she has integrity, perseverance or c