高一NoDrugs(Module2).doc

No Drugs一、考点、热点回顾重点词汇reduce; likely; affect; recognize; danger; drug; addictive; inject; needle; powerful; crime; criminal; illegal; treatment; horrible; distraction; gymnastic 重点短语more than; die from/of; sharewith; belong to; be/become addicted to; refer to; so/suchthat; agree with; learn to do; give upbreak into “闯入，打断” 扩展：break through 突破；break out 爆发；break down 分解 break up 分裂交际用语I dont agree with you see.I totally agree with you.You cant be serious.I couldnt agree more.Thats right.Absolutely!重要语法点1. 动词不定式做目的状语2. 结果状语从句Dangerous动词+Dangerousbe, look, seem, sound 危险；看起来危险；好像不安全；听起来充满风险A little knowledge is dangerous.一知半解,为害不浅.become, get 变得危险The situation could get quite dangerous.情况可能变得相当危险。regard sth. as 认为危险副词+Dangerousextremely, highly, really, terribly, very 极端危险；高度危险a highly dangerous job 高度危险的工作a bit, a little, quite 有点儿危险；相当危险Dangerous+介词for 对危险Are you man enough for this dangerous job?你有没有足够的男子汉气概去做这一危险的工作？addictiveHes a football _.The man _ _ tobacco has got a serious cough these days. = the man _ _ _ _ tobaccoIts hard to overcome the _ _ alcohol.Coffee is _ in a mild way.die of: hunger, cold, illness, old age, a disease, thirst, sorrow, disappointed love, a fever, heatdie from: a wound, lack of food, an accident, overwork, carelessness, drinking, some unknown cause, cancerRevision for words* something you cant stop doing once you have started _* a person who sells drugs illegally _* the speed at which the heart beats _* to become bigger, or to make larger, in size, degree, etc. _* to use a needle and put a liquid into a persons body _Complete the passage.Adam, _ years old, is a _ addict. When he was _, he started _ drugs. He _ cannabis from a man. One day, the man _ him some crack cocaine. Later he went to ask the man for _crack cocaine, but he didnt have _ money to buy it. He was in terrible _.The next day, he _ a TV and a video recorder and sold them and then he got _to buy more crack cocaine. By that time, he was _ to crack cocaine. So he had to steal something. One day, the _ took him to _. Then he _a doctors advice and _ taking crack cocaine.单元回顾1. Im 19 years old and I used to be a drug addict. 我今年19岁, 曾经是一名毒品瘾君子。 used to do过去常常做某事(现在已经结束了) be used to do被用来做某事 be get become used to doing sth. 习惯于(做)某事1. When I was a little child, I used _ (sleep) with my cat.2. Wood is often used to _ (make) into paper.3. The child _ with a pencil, and now he is _ with a pen. A. used to writing; used to write. B. used to write; used writing C. used to write; used to writing D. used writing; used to writing2. I broke into a house and stole a television and video recorder. break into vt break in viWhen he returned home, only to find his house _ and many things _.A. broken in, stolen B. broken into, stolen 3. By the time, I was addicted to crack cocaine. If I didnt have any drugs, I was in terrible pain. be addicted to 对某事物有瘾painpainful-painless painkillerShe was in great pain. 她处于巨大的疼痛当中。 I have pains all over. 我浑身都疼。I have a pain in my back. 我背疼。 He spares no pains to bring up the child. 不遗余力 (spare no pains to do)She took great pains to keep /in keeping her house clean. 费苦心做 (take pains to do)4. The next day, a doctor came to see me. He told me that I could die if I didnt stop taking crack cocaine, so I took his advice and stopped immediately. the next day 第二天 stop doing 停止做某事 take /follow/accept/ my advice 采纳建议 ask (sb.) for advice 征询建议 give sb. advice 提供建议advise +n./doing 建议某事 advise sb. to do sth 建议某人做某事 advise +that sb. (should) do 建议(后接从句用虚拟语气) Vocabulary test1. Smoking too much c _ may cause lung cancer.2. Dont touch those wires. They are d_.3. A p_ is a person who is taking part in an activity or event.4. The c_ was sentenced to death for his crime.5. If you reach eighteen years old, we say you are an a_. 6. The patient is under medical _ in hospital.7. Although he had no _ with the accident, still he was often visited by the police. 8. I find it too hard to work at home because there are too many _.9. Do you think it _ to read others letters without permission?10. Coffee is _ in a mild way.connection n. 联系;关系 between A and B1. Is there a connection between smoking and lung cancer?2. What is the connection between the two ideas?connect v. 连接;联系The two towns are connected by a railway.be connected with sb. sth. 与某人、某物有联系The man may be connected with crime.likely 可能的It is likely to rain.He is likely to win in time.It is likely that he will win in time.possible 可能的 Its possible for him to win.He is possible to win.powerful adj.有力的; (药等)有功效的beyond ones power 力所不能及It is beyond my power to understand how the computer works.动词不定式作状语（1）目的状语 to(为了); only to (仅仅为了); in order to; so as to; so(such) as to (如此以便) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。 I come here only to say good-bye to you.我来仅仅是向你告别。 （2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 He searched the room only to find nothing. （3)表原因 Im glad to see you.不定式作目的状语的三个特点一、句意上的特点不定式用作目的状语时，其句意特点很明显，通常在译成中文时可用“为了”来表示。如：To record press both buttons. 录音时须按双钮。To avoid any delay please phone your order direct. 为免延误，请直接打电话预订。To save class time, our teacher has us students do half of the exercises in class and complete the other half for our homework. 为了节约课堂时间，我们的老师要求我们学生在课堂上做一半练习，剩下的一半在课后作为家庭作业完成。有时即使没有直接翻译出“为了”，但其中包含了类似意思，如“目的是”“目的是为了”等。如：The Government set up a working party to look into the problem. 政府成立了工作组调查那个问题。(调查那个问题=目的是为了调查那个问题)Doctors worked through the night to save the life of the injured man. 医生彻夜工作以拯救伤者的生命。(以拯救伤者的生命=目的是为了拯救伤者的生命)二、结构上的特点不定式用作目的状语有两个可能的位置，一是在句首，二是在句末。一般说来，用于句首属于强调性用法，即强调动词的目的。比较：To illustrate my point I have done a comparative analysis. 为说明我的观点，我做了对比分析。I have done a comparative analysis to illustrate my point. 我做了对比分析来说明我的观点。有时为了特别强调目的状语，可以在不定式之前加上in order或so as，即构成in order to do sth和so as to do sth结构。如：Many farmers fertilize their crops in order to make them grow more quickly. 许多农民给庄稼施肥，为的是让庄稼长得更快些。Ill write down his telephone number so as not to forget it. 我要把他的电话号码写下来，以免忘记。三、语法上的特点从语法上看，不定式表示目的通常是指发生在谓语动作之后的动作，也就是说，若以谓语动作发生的时间为标准，用作目的状语的不定式是一个尚未发生的将来动作。如：He turned his head around to look at people. 他扭头看人。“扭头”的目的是为了“看人”。很显然，谓语动作“扭头”在先，目的状语“看人”在后。若以“扭头”发生的时间为标准，“看人”为尚未发生的将来动作。To kill bugs, spray the area regularly. 为了杀死臭虫，这地方要经常喷洒(药水)。“喷洒(药水)”的目的是为了“杀死臭虫”。从逻辑上讲，应该是先“喷洒(药水)”，然后才能“杀死臭虫”。在不定式用作目的状语的考题中还要注意它的语态，即要根据不定式与逻辑主语的关系正确选用合适的语态。如：1. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. (江西卷)A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained【解析】答案选D。由于“他”与“训练”之间为被动关系，故可排除A和C。另外，由于被训练进行航空飞行是他被派往那儿的目的，所以宜用不定式，故选D。2. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 【解析】答案选A。根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被动式，因此可排除B和C。另外，根据句意，“设法被听见”是目的，所以要用不定式表示，故选A。【两点注意】1. 不定式作目的状语可以置于句首，并且当需要强调时，通常会置于句首。但是，同学们在做题时千万不要以为位于句首的不定式就一定是目的状语。请看：To cooperate with others is important. 同他人合作很重要。To know something about English is one thing；to know English is quite another. 懂一点英语是一回事；掌握英语完全是另一回事。上面两句中位于句首的不定式不是目的状语，而是主语。请再看下面的例句：To order a vehicle, you have to pay a deposit. 订购一辆汽车，你必须交付押金。To look at him youd never think he was a successful businessman. 若看他的外貌，谁也想不到他是个事业有成的商人。上面两句用于句首的不定式是状语，但不是目的状语，而是条件状语，分别相当于：If you want to order a vehicle和If you looked at him。其中第二句用的是虚拟语气。2. 有人认为回答why的提问时，一定要用不定式，而不能用其他形式的非谓语动词。这种观点很不全面，可能会起误导作用，如下面这个句子用了不定式来回答why的提问：“Why did you go this way?” “To save time.” “你为什么走了这条路?”“为了节省时间。”句中的To save time可视为Because I wanted to save time之省略。但是，下面这个句子却用了动词的-ing形式：“Why does he look so sad?” “Having lost his wallet.” “他看上去为什么如此伤心？”“他把钱包给丢了。”句中的having lost his wallet可视为Because he has lost his wallet之省略。结果状语从句结果状语从句常由so that或 suchthat引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。 so 和 such结果状语从句其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。 such+a+形容词+名=so+形容词+aan+名 so foolishso foolishso nice a flower such a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little moneysuch rapid progress so many people such a lot of people （so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但 a lot of 为名词性的，只能用such搭配。） sothat与 suchthat之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。 例句： The boy is so young that he cant go to school. He is such a young boy that he cant go to school 考题解析考题1 Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influence our language. (2007上海) A. as B. that C. which D. where 答案 B 解析 下划线处之后表示结果， 应选用与前面的such连用引导结果状语从句的that。 考题2 His plan was such a good one _ we all agreed to accept it. (2006陕西) A. so B. and C. that D. as 答案 C 解析 that与前面的such呼应， 引导结果状语从句。 考题3 We were in _ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets. (2003上海) A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rush 答案 D 解析 表示“如此匆忙”可以用“in so anxious a rush”或者“in such an anxious rush”。 用法结果状语从句的从句部分是补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的，通常位于主句之后。以下逐一介绍高考中常见的引导结果状语从句的词： 1. so that可以引导目的状语从句， 也可以引导结果状语从句。 例如： He worried so that he couldnt sleep.他急得睡不着。(so that引导结果状语从句) It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气寒冷， 河水都结冰了。(so that引导结果状语从句) I came to the class early so that I could see the classmate beside me.我赶早来上课， 以便早点看到我旁边的同学。(so that引导目的状语从句) 2. 表示“如此以致”的“so. that.”和“such. that.”均可引导结果状语从句， 其中的such 是形容词， 修饰名词； so 是副词， 修饰形容词或副词， 具体的搭配形式是： (1) “so+adj./adv.+that”， “so+adj.(+a/an)+n.+that”； (2) “such(+a/an)(+adj.)+n.+that”。 例如： He speaks so fast that no one can catch him. 他说话太快， 无人听得明白。There is so rapid an increase in population that a food shortage is caused. 人口增长如此迅速， 以致造成了粮食短缺。Our country has so much coal that she can export large quantities. 我们国家的煤炭非常丰富， 可以大量出口。(so与表示数量的代词many， few， much， little等连用已经形成固定搭配， 这些场合下不能换用such的对应结构表示) The shop sells so expensive goods that I want to buy nothing in it. 这家商店出售的货物价格昂贵，以致我在里面不想购买任何东西。Hes such a good person that we mustnt blame him. 他是这样好的人， 我们不能怪他。They are such fine teachers that we all hold them in great respect. 他们是非常好的老师， 我们对他们极为尊敬。It is such nice weather that I would like to go to the beach. 天气如此之好，我想去海滩。 如果结果状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同， 可用so (adj./adv.) as to取代该结果状语从句， 注意体会以下例句： The weather was bad, so as to make a good photo hard to take. 天气恶劣， 以致难以拍出来好照片。He was so kind as to phone for a taxi for the patient. 他是如此热心，以至于他为病人打电话叫了出租车。How could you be so stupid as to believe him? 你怎么这么笨， 竟相信了他的话？ 补充强化训练题1. It was five oclock in the afternoon _ they climbed up to the top of the mountain. A. since B. when C. that D. until 2. Do think _ reading. A. while B. when C. as D. for 3. _ the window, my hand was cut unexpectedly. A. Cleaning B. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning 4. _, one becomes more experienced. A. When one grows older B. As one grows older C. The older one grows D. While one will be older 5. I shall ring you up _ you should forget to come. A. because B. for C. in case D. in order that 6.Do you mind _ how you succeed? A. if I go and see B. if I go seeing C. my going and see D. my go to see 7. Are you sure that youve met him before? _ Im mistaken. A. Unless B. If C. When D. Though 8. The students will go on playing football _ or not. A. whether it rains B. if it rains C. whether it will rain D. no matter it rains 9. Francis Preston Blair, _ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri. A. was B. he was C. although D. as 10. The wounded soldier died though the hospital _. A. tried to pull him through B. managed to pull him through C. went all out to pull through him D. managed to pull through him 11. _, he is healthy, however. A. Though older as he B. Though he is as old C. Old as he is D. Old as he will be 12. No matter _ hard it may be, Ill carry it out. A. what B. whatever C. how D. however 13. Have you found your key? Yes, it was lying _ I often watch TV in my room. A. what B. which C. how D. where 14. How is it that you are late for class again? _. A. By bus and them on foot B. Because I missed the bus C. Its quite all right D. Its far from school 15. _ you have come, you must not go away so soon. A. For B. Now that C. Because D. So that 16. I remember this story _ it happened yesterday. A. though B. if C. for D. as though 本章补充强化训练题参考答案 1.B 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.C 13.D 14.B 15.B 16.D必备短文The Advantages and Disadvantages of Surfing the InternetWith the development of computer technology, the Internet has become more and more popular. Opinions are divided on whether students should surf the Internet after class. Some students regard it as a great helper, the main reasons for this are listed as follows, first you can surf the Internet for any information you need in a short time without working hard in the library; besides it is convenient to communicate with others by using the internet. However, other students think that there are some disadvantages of the Internet because there is also some information that is not good for the students. In addition, spending too much time playing games online will not only have a bad effect on study but also do harm to our health. Therefore we should make proper use of the Internet.二、典型例题听力Listen to a conversation between Mrs. Wu and the headmaster of her daughters school. Decide if the statements are true (T) or false (F).1. Mrs. Wu is discussing her daughter, Du Juan, with the headmaster. 2. Mrs. Wu is worried because Du Juan spends a lot of time chatting with strangers on ICQ. 3. Du Juan was one of the top students in her class but she isnt any more.4. Her school grades have fallen recently.5. Du Juan only uses the Internet to find information for class work.6. Mr. Han thinks that all websites are offensive.7. Young people trust the information on the Internet too much.8. Du Juan had made some strange friends online.9. Mr. Han doesnt think children should use the Internet because it is too dangerous.10. Mr. Han will talk to Du Juan about the dangers of the Internet.翻译句子她的粗心导致了她的失败。_他不仅仅是我的老师。_他跑得很快，没有人赶得上他。He runs _ _ _ nobody can catch up with him.这部电影那么有趣，我们大多数人已经看过两遍了。It is _ _ _ _ _ most of us have seen it twice.单项选择1. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.A. which B. where C. when D. which2. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future _ to the well-educated.A. belongs D. is belonged C. is belonging D. will be belonged3. The patient was _ of losing his life and had to be operated on at once.A. in danger B. in the danger C. out of danger D. out the danger4. Can I smoke here?Sorry. We dont allow _ here.A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking5. Studies show that people are more _ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours.A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure6. Scientists are convinced _ the positive effect of laughter _ physical and mental health.A. of; at B. by; in C. of; on D. on; at