数字图像处理实验一(位图文件信息的提取和二值化处理).doc

数字图像处理实验一（位图文件信息的提取和二值化处理） 实验平台：MinGW（Mini Gnu for Windows），里面包含gcc for windows的编译器，将其拷贝值某目录，然后设置环境变量（这里我设为c:MinGW,通过一个批处理命令setc.bat实现）设置完成后，即可通过gcc(g+)命令进行编译。（附：使用VC+ 6.0 也可）相关实验文件下载地址：38 /课件/数字图像处理/实验步骤： 拷贝MinGW文件夹至C: (路径为C:MinGW) 编辑setc.bat文件，然后运行此批处理以设置路径。 编辑hdr.h 和hdr.c文件 编辑bmphdr.c文件，然后在当前文件路径下，使用DOS命令：gcc -c hdr.c /编译，生成hdr.o目标文件gcc -c bmphdr.c /编译，生成bmphdr.o目标文件gcc -o bmphdr.exe hdr.o bmphdr.o/链接，生成bmphdr.exe执行文件使用bmphdr.exe来提取某一个bmp文件的头信息,例如: bmphdr test.bmp 编辑 ez.c文件（用于图像的二值化处理）,然后gcc -c ez.c /编译，生成ez.o目标文件gcc -o ez.exe hdr.o ez.o /链接，生成ez.exe执行文件使用 ez.exe文件来对某一个bmp文件进行二值化处理。例如：ez test.bmp result.bmp 108 （对test.bmp文件 进行二值化处理，阈值为108，处理的结果为result.bmp文件)setc.bat内容：echo offset msdir=C:MinGWset PATH=%msdir%bin;%PATH%set INCLUDE=%msdir%Include;%msdir%MFCInclude;%INCLUDE%set LIB=%msdir%Lib;%LIB%补充：如果以上批处理命令无效的话，可以：我的电脑-属性-高级-环境变量 编辑变量path 增加 C: MinGWbin hdr.h文件内容：#ifndef _HDR_H_#define _HDR_H_struct bmphdr char signature2;int size;short reserved2;int offset;int hdr_size;int width;int height;short nr_planes;short bits_per_pixel;int compress_type;int data_size;int resol_hori;int resol_vert;int nr_colors;int important_color;char info1024;struct bmphdr *get_header(char filename);#endifhdr.c文件内容:#include #include #include hdr.hstruct bmphdr *get_header(char filename)FILE *fp;struct bmphdr *hdr; fp = fopen(filename, rb);if (!fp) printf(File open error or such file does not exist!n);return NULL;hdr = (struct bmphdr *)malloc(sizeof(struct bmphdr);fread(hdr-signature, 2, 1, fp);if (hdr-signature0 != B | hdr-signature1 != M) printf(Not a bmp file!n);return NULL;fread(&hdr-size, 4, 1, fp);fread(hdr-reserved, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-offset, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-hdr_size, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-width, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-height, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-nr_planes, 2, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-bits_per_pixel, 2, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-compress_type, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-data_size, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-resol_hori, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-resol_vert, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-nr_colors, 4, 1, fp);fread(&hdr-important_color, 4, 1, fp); if (hdr-offset 54) fread(&hdr-info, 1024, 1, fp); fclose(fp);return hdr;bmphdr.c文件内容:#include struct bmphdr char signature2;int size;short reserved2;int offset;int hdr_size;int width;int height;short nr_planes;short bits_per_pixel;int compress_type;int data_size;int resol_hori;int resol_vert;int nr_colors;int important_color; header;int main(int argc, char *argv)FILE *fp;if (argc != 2) printf(Usage: %s n, argv0);exit(1);fp = fopen(argv1, r);if (!fp) printf(File open error or such file does not exist!n);exit(1);fread(header.signature, 2, 1, fp);if (header.signature0 != B | header.signature1 != M) printf(Not a bmp file!n);exit(1);fread(&header.size, 4, 1, fp);fread(header.reserved, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.offset, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.hdr_size, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.width, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.height, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.nr_planes, 2, 1, fp);fread(&header.bits_per_pixel, 2, 1, fp);fread(&press_type, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.data_size, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.resol_hori, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.resol_vert, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.nr_colors, 4, 1, fp);fread(&header.important_color, 4, 1, fp);fclose(fp);printf(signature %c%cn, header.signature0, header.signature1);printf(size %dn, header.size);printf(offset %dn, header.offset);printf(hdr_size %dn, header.hdr_size);printf(width %dn, header.width);printf(height %dn, header.height);printf(nr_planes %dn, header.nr_planes);printf(bits_per_pixel %dn, header.bits_per_pixel);printf(compress_type %dn, press_type);printf(data_size %dn, header.data_size);printf(resol_hori %dn, header.resol_hori);printf(resol_vert %dn, header.resol_vert);printf(nr_colors %dn, header.nr_colors);printf(important_color %dn, header.important_color);printf(n);return 0;二值化程序 ez.c 文件内容：#include #include #include #include hdr.hstruct bmphdr *hdr;unsigned char *bitmap, *to;char buf2048;int main(int argc, char *argv)int i, j, k, nr_pixels; FILE *fp, *fpnew;unsigned g;if (argc != 4) printf(Usage: %s n, argv0);exit(1);hdr = get_header(argv1);if (!hdr) exit(1);fp = fopen(argv1, rb);if (!fp) printf(File open error!n);exit(1);fseek(fp, hdr-offset, SEEK_SET);nr_pixels = hdr-width * hdr-height;bitmap = malloc(nr_pixels);fread(bitmap, nr_pixels, 1, fp);fclose(fp);k = atoi(argv3);to = malloc(nr_pixels);memset(to, 0, nr_pixels);for (i = 0; i (unsigned char)k ? 255 : 0;fpnew = fopen(argv2, wb+);if (!fpnew) printf(File create error!n);exit(1);fwrite(hdr-signature, 2, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-size, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(hdr-reserved, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-offset, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-hdr_size, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-width, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-height, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-nr_planes, 2, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-bits_per_pixel, 2, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-compress_type, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-data_size, 4, 1, fpnew);fwrite(&hdr-resol_hori, 4, 1, fpnew)