非谓语动1.doc

非谓语动词1定义：动词除在句子中作谓语以外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等，这就是动词的非谓语动词。可分为三种：动词不定式、分词和动名词。2动词不定式：to动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带to）。（没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语，可以有时态和语态的变化）1一般式：主动语态：todo,被动语态：tobe+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)2进行式：主动语态：tobedoing,被动语态：无(表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)3完成式：主动语态：tohave+动词过去分词，被动语态：tohavebeen+动词过去分词(表示动作或状态在谓语动作之前就发生)4用法：A作主语：Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.=Itsnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.B作表语：Themostimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.C作宾语：a.动词todo.Hedecidedtobuyanewwatch.(agree,choose,want,hope,like,wish,learn,love,plan,try,start,afford)b.动词疑问词todoIdontknowwheretoputthebike.c.动词形式宾语(it)宾补todoIfinditimportanttolearnasecondforeignlanguage.D作补语：a.动词宾语todoTomaskedmetoshowhimthenewshoes.(tell,wish,ask,want,like,beg,invite,allow,encourage)b.动词宾语不带to的动词HeoftensawTomplayfootball.(see,hear,feel,watch,notice,have,make,let)E作状语：a.表示目的HewenttoGuangzhoutoseehissons.Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.b.表示结果：Heistootiredtowalkanyfarther.Theyarentoldenoughtogotoschool.c.表示原因：Heissorrytohearthat.Iamgladtoseeyou.F作定语：Ihavesomethingtotellyou.Iwanttobuysomethingtoeat.5动词不定式to的省略：A 在感官动词feel,hear,see,watch,notice及使役动词have,let,make等后面要省to，但在变被动语态时要还原不定式to。Ioftensawhimgooutoftheroom.-Hewasoftenseentogooutoftheroombyme.B在hadbetter,wouldrather,donothingbut等后面常省to。6动词不定式的否定形式：not+todo，有时也可以用never+todo结构。3动名词：动词原形ing。具有名词、动词一些特征。1一般式：主动语态：doing，被动语态：being+动词过去分词（表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生或之后发生)2完成式：主动语态：having+动词过去分词，被动语态：havingbeen+动词过去分词（表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状态之前就发生）Childrenenjoywatchinganimatedcartoon.Idontrememberhavingeverseenthefilm.3动名词的否定形式：not+动名词（v-ing）Iregretnotbeingabletohelpyou.4用法：A作主语：a.动名词作主语如果太长，可以用形式主语it代替。LearningEnglishisveryimportant.-ItsveryimportanttolearnEnglish.b.No+动名词表示“禁止”。Nosmoking,Noparking.B作宾语：Hefinisheddoinghishomework.C作表语：Hisfavouritesportisplayingbasketball.D作定语：shoppingbasket,finishingline.（表明名词的用途、功能等）E动名词的复合结构：名词所有格、形容词物主代词动名词。Doyoumindmy/WeiFangsopeningthewindow?4分词：动词原形ing。具有形容词、副词和动词一些特征。（可分为现在分词、过去分词）现在分词1一般式：主动语态：doing，被动语态：being+动词过去分词（表示动作或状态与谓语动词的动作或状态同时发生)2完成式：主动语态：having+动词过去分词，被动语态：havingbeen+动词过去分词（表示动作或状态在谓语动词的动作或状态之前就发生）3动名词的否定形式：not+动名词（v-ing）Nounderstandingthemeaningofthewords,hecouldntexplainthesentence.4用法：A作表语。Theresultissurprising.B作定语。Developingcountry(主谓关系)sleepingboy(boy所做的动作)C作状语Passingbythehouse,hesawagirlplayingthepiano.=whenhewaspassingbythehouse,hesawagirlplayingthepiano.D作宾补。Ifoundhimlyingonthegrass.过去分词1形式：规则动词ed，和不规则动词的过去分词。2过去分词的否定形式：not+动词过去分词。3用法：A作表语：Mybikeisbroken.Heisveryworried.B作定语：developedcountry,fallenleaves,spokenEnglish.C作状语Askedwhyhewasabsent,hesaidhewasill.=Whenhewasaskedwhyhewasabsent,hesaidhewasill.D作宾补：Youhadbetterhaveyourshoesmended.Ihadmyhaircutyesterday.动词+todo和动词+doing句型总结一、带动词ing形式1.keepdoing2.keepsb.Doing3.practisedoingsth.4.enjoydoing5.finishdoing6.beafraidofdoing7.bebusydoing8.lookforwardtodoing9.howaboutdoing、./whataboutdoing10.spendsometime(in)doing11.spendsomemoney(in)buying12.feellikedoing13.stop/keep/preventfromdoing14.thanksbfordoing15.thanksfordoing16.dosomecooking/cleaning/reading/shopping/washing17.goswimming/fishing/shopping/skating/boating18.minddoing19.canthelpdoing20.considerdoing21.havefundoingsthhavedifficultydoingsthhavetroubledoingsthhaveproblemdoingsth22.wastetime/moneydoing23.insteadofdoing24.missdoing25.holdontodoing26.payattentiontodoing27.suggestdoing28.Itstimefordoing29.Thereissbdoingsth30.beusedtodoingsth31.beusedfordoingsth32.havealotofexperience33.sballowdoingsth34.putoffdoingsth35.succeedindoingsth36.endupdoing37.giveupdoing二含有不带to的动词不定式句型：1.hadbetter(not)dosth.2.wouldyouplease(not)dosth3.whynotdosth.4.whydontyoudosth.5.Shallwedosth.?6.letsbdosth.7.makesb.dosth.havesbdosth8.feelsbdosth三、含有带to的动词不定式句型：1.Itstimetodosth.2.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth3.tell/ask/want/encourage/invite/sb.todosth.4.Wouldyouliketodosth.?5.Itsgood/badtodosth6.Itsgood/badforsb.todosth.7.be+adj.+enoughtodosth.8.sb.isreadytodosth.9.Its+adj.+forsb.todosth.10.Its+adj.+ofsb.todosth11.wouldlike/love/decide/want/wish/todosth.12.wouldlike/lovesb.todosth.13.Prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.14.how/when/where/whethertodosth15.cantwaittodo16.tootodo17.beafraid/ready/able/suretodo18.Itstimetodosth19.Myjobistodosth20.Mydreamistodosth21.Myhobbyistodosth22.refusetodosth23.warnsbtodosth24.pretendtodosth25.teach/learntodosth26.needtodosth27.bewillingtodosth28.trytodosth29.tryonesbesttodosth30.agreetodosth31.seemtodosth32.plantodosth/makeaplantodosth33.inordertodosth34.haveachancetodosth35.findit+adj+forsbtodosth36.havesthtodo37.Thereissthforsbtodo38.beanxioustodo39.affordtodosth40.两个动作连用，表目的41.catesbtodo56.waitforsbtodo57.ordersbtodo58.happentodosth59.leadsbtodosth60.itagoodplacetodosth61.invitesbtodo62.gettodosth63.expecttodo64.volunteertodosth65.offertodosth66.haveanopportunitytodo67.getsbtodosth68.itsonesdutytodosth69.usesthtodosth70.besuretodosth71.havetodosth72.beable/unabletodosth四、既用带to的动词不定式又用ing形式的句型：1.stoptodo/doing2.forgettodo/doing3.remembertodo/doing4.goontodo/doing5.liketodo/doing6.lovetodo/doing7.prefertodo/doing8.hatetodo/doing五、下列结构用带to的动词不定式和ing形式含义相同：、1.begintodo/doing2.starttodo/doing3.continuetodo/doing4.taketurnstodo/doing六、既用不带to的动词不定式又用现在分词的句型：用不带to的动词不定式强调动作的完成过程；用现在分词强调动作的进行状态。1. hearsbdosth./doing2.listentosbdosth./doing3.lookatsbdosth./doing4.seesbdosth./doing5.watchsbdosth./doing6.noticesbdosth/doing初中英语总复习专项练习非谓语动词一根据句意，用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Isitnecessary_(learn)aforeignlanguage?2.Heisgoodat_(swim).3.Doyouhaveanything_(say)foryourself?4.Itsspringnow.itstime_(plant)trees.5.Dontkeepme_(wait)foralongtime.6.Thepolicemantoldtheboysnot_(play)inthestreet.7.Hersonistooyoung_(dress)himself.8.Lets_(have)arest,shallwe?9.Thespeakerspoketooquicklyforus_(understand).10.Thelittleboyisnotoldenough_(read).11.Iaskedhim_(show)mehisnewpen.12.Knivesareusedfor_(cut)things.13.Ireallydontknowwhat_(do)next.14.Ioftenhearpeople_(say)“_(see)is_(believe)”.15.Youdbetter_(try)thismedicine.16.Theysaidtheyhadnothing_(worry)about.17.Canyoufinish_(read)thebookinthreedays?18.Thedoctorwasbusy_(operate)ontheboyatthattime.19._(tell)youthetruth,Idislikemakingfriendswithhim.20.Stop_(talk)andlistentomecarefully.21.Thankyouverymuchfor_(help)us.22.Grannyisveryillandshedoesntfeellike_(eat)anything.23.Wouldyoulike_(climb)themountainwithme?24.Thegirlenjoys_(listen)tolightmusic.25.Wecouldnthelp_(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystory.26.Whatabout_(go)outforawalk?II选择填空。1.Wouldyouplease_thedoorforme?a.holdingb.nottoholdc.holdd.held2.Seeinganoldmangettingoffthetrain,shehurriedover_thingsforhim.acarryingb.tocarryc.carriedd.forcarrying3.Wedreallylikeyou_eb.tocomec.willcomed.shouldcome4.Wecandonothingbut_theexperiment.a.torepeatb.repeatc.repeatingd.repeated5.Haveyougotanything_aboutthismatter?a.sayingb.tosayc.saidd.say6.Hewasnot_tryitagain.a.suchafoolastob.soafoolastoc.afoolsuchastod.afoolsoasto7.Hewastooexcited_.a.togotosleepingb.tosleptc.togotosleepd.goingtosleep8.Wecanthavehim_likethatallday.a.toworkb.workingc.tobeworkedd.work9.Shewereoftenheard_thissongwhenshewashappy.a.sangb.singingc.sungd.tobesinging10.Thetrainwasseen_ing11.Wellsoonhaveaperson_withus.a.toworkb.workingc.workedd.works12._hasnotbeendecidedyet.a.Tostartwhenb.Whytostartc.Whentostartd.Starttowhere13.Doyouthinkitdifficult_?a.formetodosob.formytodosoc.forItodosod.formedoingso14.Shekeepstellingus_.a.whattodob.doingwhatc.whatisdoingd.dowhat15._isnotknown.a.Whomtobegintherunningtestb.Whentobegintherunningtestc.Whentherunningtestbegind.Howbegintotherunningtest16._thejobaloneisimpossible.a.Tohimtodob.Forhimdoingc.Forhimtodod.Forhetodo17._itshouldbemadeclear.aWhattodob.Whytodoc.Whomtodod.Whencando18.Ourhouseneeds_beforetherainyseasonarrives.a.torepairb.toberepairc.repairedd.repairing19.Ihaventdecidedwhichhotel_.a.tostayb.istostayatc.tostayatd.isforstaying20.IwasalmostasleepwhenIheardsomeone_atthedoor.a.knockb.toknockc.knockedd.beingknocked21.Ioftenspentmuchmoney_books.a.tobuyb.buyingc.onbuyingd.forbuying22.Ifyoupractice_Englishwheneveryoucan,youwillsoonspeakwell.a.talkingb.goingspeakc.speakingd.tospeak23.Wearetiredof_thesameproblemallthetime.a.discussingb.todiscussc.discussingford.discuss24.Sheusuallyforgets_thedoor,butsheremembered_ityesterday.a.toshuttoshutb.shuttingshuttingc.toshutshuttingd.shuttingtoshut25.I_abustoschoolwhenitwasraining.a.amusedtotakeb.usedtotakingc.usetotaked.wasusedtotaking26.Imthirsty.Willyougetmesomething_?A.drinkB.todrinkC.eatD.eating27.Itwasgreatfun_apicniconthehill.A.tohaveB.ofhavingC.haveD.had28.Lily,keepthewindow_.Thesandstormhasntstoppedyet.A.closeB.closedC.openD.opened29.Apolicemansawtwothieves_agirlsmobilephoneonabusandhecaughtthematonce. A.tostealB.stealingC.stoleD.stolen30.Itsbadforyoureyes_computergamesforalongtime.A.playsB.toplayC.playD.played31.Theyweremade_fourteenhoursaday.A.workB.workingC.workedD.towork32.Isitalwayseasier_friendsthantokeepthem?A.makingB.makeC.tomakeD.made33.Hestoodtherefortwohours_thegame.A.watchedB.watchingC.iswatchingD.waswatching34.It_Jacktwentyminutes_themathproblemyesterday.A.took;toworkoutB.takes;workedoutC.hastaken;workoutD.istaking;workingout35.Whenyouleave,dontforget_offthelight.A.toturnB.turningC.turnD.turned36.Whodoyouthinkyoudlike_?A.tomakefriendsB.makefriendsC.tomakefriendswithD.makefriendswith37.AlthoughJefflovesKFC,hetries_ittoooften.A.toeatB.noteatC.tonoteatD.nottoeat38.-Hi,Betty.ShallwegoswimmingthisSunday?-ThisSunday?Iamsorry,Ihavealotofhomework_thisSunday.A.todoB.doneC.doD.tobedone39.Sallyhadnopen_yesterdaymorning.A.towriteB.towritewithC.writingD.writingwith40.-Excuseme,sir.Lookatthesignonthewall“NO_”.-Oh,Imsorry.Illneverdoitagain.A.PARKEDB.SMOKEC.SPITTINGD.SMOKED41.-Boysandgirls,willyouplease_theparkthisafternoon?-OK.A.notcleaningoutB.nottocleanoutC.tocleanupD.cleanup42.TheGreatGreenWallwillstopthewindfrom_theearthaway.A.blowB.blowingC.blewD.toblow43.Howabout_?A.togooutforawalkB.goswimmingintheriverC.visitingthesickchildreninthehospitalD.tohavinglunchintherestaurant44.Itsverykind_youto_me_theheavybag.A.for;tell;totakeB.of;thank;forC.to;speak;tohaveD.of;help;carry45.Haveyoudecided_?A.togowithwhomB.whomtogowithC.whomgowithD.withwhomtogo46.Herhope_agoldmedalinthe2008OlympicGames.A.towinB.istowinC.winningD.willwin47.Themeetingroomisbigenough_onehundredpeople.A.ho