《文化语境与翻译——有无之境》英语12-5班,阎秀桦.doc

文化语境与翻译作业 有无之境第300页引言翻译 班级：英语12-5班 姓名：阎秀桦 学号：2012100111201.先生早岁举业，溺志词章；既而从事宋儒循序格物之学，顾物理吾心终判为二，若无所入；因求之老释（老庄，释迦牟尼），出入久之，恍若有会于心；后觉二氏之说终不可付之日用，于是归本于廉洛身心之学，尤契于甘泉所谓自得之址；然终未能释疑于向物求理之说，谪居龙场，再经忧患、澄默之余，始大悟圣门格致之旨，学问大旨自此立矣。译文：阳明先生年轻时参与科举考试，心志沉湎于诗文，而后又致力于宋朝儒家遵循秩序，探询事物道理，纠正人的行为的学说，回顾事物的道理发现人的心最终一分为二，感觉无从下手，因而又转而学习道家和佛家学说，通过长期学习后感觉似乎感悟到了一些道理，后来又觉得这两派的学说始终没法应用于实践，于是又回归到周敦颐和程颐、程璟的心学，把甘泉定为自己悟道的地方，然而，阳明先生始终没能解开关于观察事物悟出道理这一学说的疑惑，后来被贬到龙场，经过众多磨难，变得沉默之后，才终于悟出了儒家格物致知的宗旨，他的心学的大体宗旨才最终得以确立。Master Yangming took imperial competitive examination when he was young,he was addicted to poetry prose. Later he committed himself to the Confucian creed of the Song Dynasty,which professed fallowing the internal regulation of nature,inquiring the knowledge contained in its creatures and correct peoples misbehavior. Contemplate the knowledge and divide peoples spiritual world into two parts. He found it was too difficult to get something from the this creed. So he turned to study Buddhist and Taoist creeds. At first he seemed had gotten something from his long-term hardworking,but at last he got rid of both of them because of their lack of practical use. Then he came back to the heart-mind theory of the Brothers Chen and Master Zhou Dunyi. He pronounced that Ganquan was the spot where he finally inspired the truth. However,he did not eliminate his confusion about the way of getting truth by carefully observing. When he was demoted and transferred to Longchang ,he at last was inspired by Confucian truth of inquiring the substance and get the basic reason from a series of sufferings and established the purpose of his doctrine.2.居贵阳时首于学者为知行合一之说；自滁阳后多教学者静坐；江右以来始举致良知三字，直指本体，令学者言下有悟，是教亦三变也。译文：阳明先生住在贵阳的时候一开始教导读书人要理论与实践相统一，在滁阳教导读书人静坐后大多教导读书人通过静坐来感悟道理，到了江西后开始大肆主张要“从本心出发”，直接指向事物的根源，令当时的读书人都悟出了道理，因此阳明先生教人的宗旨也经历了三次的变化。At the beginning,Master Yangming teached his contemporaries to put theory into practice when he at Guiyang,and then he directed them to acquire truth by contemplation when he moved to Chuyang, and he turn to “starting from the conscience” and squarely pointed to the root of things,which made lots of his contemporaries acquired truth while he lived in Jiangxi province. So we can say that the purpose of Master Yangmings doctrine also went through for three times. 3.多就高明一路以救时弊译文：大部分读书人加入到高明的一派中拯救社会，去除社会弊端Most of the intellectuals participated into the noble people to eliminate diseases of society for rescuing its people.4.在金陵时已心切忧焉，故居赣时则教学者存天理去人欲，致省察克治实工。译文：王阳明先生在金陵的时候已经内心急切而担忧，所以在江西省的时候就教导读书人要遵循事物应有的规律，去除过分的欲望，达到通过反省检查找出自身思想行为上的不良倾向和习惯，并克服整治这些不良的倾向习惯的实际功效。Master Yangming was extremely worried about the society when he was still at Jinling,so after he transferred his post to Jiangxi province,he dedicated to the local intellectuals that people should obey the laws of nature and overcome their libidos and correct their misbehavior and habits by self-questioning.5.甲戌升南京鸿胪寺卿，始专以良知之旨训学者译文：1514年王阳明先生在南京担任鸿胪寺卿后，开始专门以“从良知出发”来训诫读书人。In 1514,Master Yangming held the post of Honglusiqing in nanjing and began to preach “starting from ones conscience” to the intellectuals.6.吾年来欲惩末俗之卑污，引接学者多就高明一路以救时弊，今见学者渐有流入空虚为脱落新奇之论，吾已悔之矣，故南僟论学只教学者存天理去人欲为省察克治实工。译文：我多年来想要惩处世人的卑鄙龌龊，引导大部分读书人加入到高明的一派中拯救社会，去除社会弊端。如今我看到读书人中渐渐流行把虚而不实的空谈当成是新颖奇特的想法，我已经很后悔这样做了，所以在南都探讨学说的时候只教导读书人要遵循事物应有的规律，去除过分的欲望，达到通过反省检查找出自身思想行为上的不良倾向和习惯，并克服整治这些不良的倾向习惯的实际功效。I want to punished and eliminate the baseness of the world and direct the intellectuals to devote their lives to eradicate the diseases of our society and rescue our people for years. Now I gradually see a climate of insubstantiality which was acknowledged as some kinds of creative ideas among the intellectuals. I regret to