识别翻滚轴承基本结构方法.doc

识别翻滚轴承基本结构方法 识别翻滚轴承基本结构方法现将翻滚轴承的根本布局、相应效果以及几种辨认翻滚轴承伪劣的简便办法分析如下。The rolling bearing of the basic layout, the corresponding effect and several simple methods of rolling bearing counterfeit identification analysis are as follows.1翻滚轴承的根本布局及相应效果1 rolling bearing the basic layout and the corresponding effect以滑动轴承为根底发展起来的翻滚轴承,其作业原理是以翻滚摩擦替代滑动摩擦,通常由2个套圈,1组翻滚体和1个保持架所组成的通用性很强、规范化和系列化程度很高的机械根底件1-2。因为各种机械作业条件不一样,对翻滚轴承在负荷才能、布局和运用功能等方面都提出了不一样需求。但其最根本的布局是由内圈、外圈、翻滚体和保持架组成。其相应效果为:关于向心轴承,内圈通常与轴紧合作,并与轴一同工作,外圈通常与轴承座或机械壳体孔成过渡合作,起支承效果。可是,在某些场合下,也有外圈工作,内圈固定起支承效果或许内圈、外圈都一同工作的。关于推力轴承,与轴紧合作并一同运动的称轴圈,与轴承座或机械壳体孔成过渡合作并起支承效果的称座圈。翻滚体(钢球、滚子或滚针)在轴承内通常凭借保持架均匀地摆放在2个套圈之间作翻滚运动,它的形状、巨细和数量直接影响轴承的负荷才能和运用功能。保持架除能将翻滚体均匀地分离隔以外,还能起引导翻滚体旋转及改进轴承内部光滑功能等效果3-4。The sliding bearing is developed based rolling bearing, its working principle is to rolling friction instead of sliding friction, usually consisting of 2 rings, 1 groups of rolling body and 1 keep universal rack is very strong, standardization and serialization degree very high mechanical foundation 1-2. Because of various machinery operating conditions are not the same, the rolling bearing in the load capacity, layout and use of function are put forward different requirements. However the basic layout is composed of an inner ring, outer ring, rolling body and a holding rack. The effect of radial bearing inner ring:, often in collaboration with shaft, and working together with the shaft, the outer ring is usually a transition in cooperation with the bearing seat or mechanical shell hole, plays the supporting effect. However, in some cases, there are outer ring, inner ring fixed bearing inner ring, outer ring might all work together. The thrust bearing, said shaft ring and the shaft and tight cooperation with movement, called race as a transition in cooperation with the bearing seat or mechanical shell and supporting effect. The roller ( ball, roller or roller ) in the bearing usually by holder evenly placed as tumbling motion between the 2 ring, its shape, size and quantity directly affect the load bearing ability and application functions. The holder can be a tumbling body evenly separated, can lead to roll 3-4 body rotation and improvement of bearing internal smooth function and effect.2简便检测办法2 simple detection method2.1眼观手感法2.1 eye view method一是眼观。首先看表面,查看轴承上有无规范的出厂符号,无符号者多为不合格产物。然后,洗掉轴承外包装的油脂,仔细查看轴承内、外圈的滚道及翻滚体上有无麻点、凸坑、锈蚀等,凡有者均为不合格产物,不能运用。二是手感法。用右手指卡住轴承内圈,左手疾速转变轴承外圈,好的轴承转变平稳、声响较小,无阻滞、冲击或颤抖等感受;而伪劣轴承在转变过程中则有“哗哗”的噪声,卡轴承的手指感受到阻滞、冲击或颤抖,这时轴承切不可用。One eye view. First look at the surface, there is no standard view bearing factory symbol, no symbols for the unqualified products. Then, wash the bearing outer packing grease, carefully check the bearing inner, outer ring raceway and rolling body has no pitting, convex pit, such as corrosion, where there are unqualified products, can not use. Two is the method. With the right finger stuck bearing inner ring, the left hand rapid change bearing outer ring, good bearing transition smooth, noise is small, no blocking, shock or shaking, feeling; and counterfeit bearings in the transformation process is a buzzing noise, card bearing fingers felt block, shock or shaking, the bearing must not use.2.2量具丈量法2.2 gauge measuring method翻滚轴承是规范部件,轴承的内、外圈均通过磨削加工,差错极小。为区分伪劣,可用外径千分尺和内径百分表丈量内、外圈的直径。通过处置后的轴承外径变小,内径变大。一是塞尺查看法。各种翻滚轴承,其游隙均有规范规则,伪劣轴承因各零件超差,如游隙就转不动,故通常偏大。运用者通常不具备按规范查看的条件,但可用塞尺(厚薄规)查看游隙。因为游隙小,所用塞尺很薄,强度低,且轴承又是曲面,硬塞不易塞进,可将塞尺塞在2个翻滚体中心并接近一翻滚体的顶部,转变内圈,如翻滚体能滚过且力度不大,所量值除以2即为轴承游隙值。如翻滚时觉得太紧或太松,则应将塞尺恰当加厚或减薄。应注重的是,刺进塞尺后在翻滚体翻滚往后如感太费劲,不要强行滚过,避免损坏塞尺。应查看不少于3个翻滚体,且都在答应公役范围内。二是保险丝压痕法。将细保险丝砸薄,滚过轴承翻滚体顶部与外圈的空隙,所得厚度除以2即为游隙,其他与塞尺查检一样(此法通常不用于球轴承查看)。Rolling bearings are standard components, bearings, outer ring through grinding, error minimization. To distinguish between fake and shoddy, available outside micrometer and bore dial indicator measuring inner, outer diameter. After disposal by bearing outside diameter smaller, larger diameter. A view is a feeler gauge method. All kinds of rolling bearings, the clearance of both normative rules, counterfeit bearings due to the part tolerance, such as clearance is not to move, it is usually too large. Users typically do not have according to the standard viewing conditions, but use feeler ( feeler gauge ) check clearance. Because the clearance is small, the feeler is very thin, low intensity, and the bearing is curved, hard is not easy to into, to Setse in 2 rolling body and a rolling body close to the center of the top, change the inner ring, such as rolling roll and physical strength is not great, the value divided by 2 is the bearing clearance value. Such as rolling feel too tight or too loose, should be properly thickening or thinning of the feeler gauge. Should pay attention to is, pierce feeler after tumbling body roll back if you are too hard, dont forced to roll over, to avoid damage to the gauge. Should see no fewer than 3 rolling body, and in the promised tolerance range. Two is to fuse the indentation method. The fine fuse hit thin, rolling bearing rolling body top gap and the outer ring, the thickness divided by 2 is the clearance, other like feeler search (this method is typically not to ball bearing view ).2.4外圈径向跳动检测法Method 2.4 outer ring radial runout detection一是车床检测法。可在车床上加工1个芯轴,使芯轴的直径与所测轴承内径合作适合,且有小锥度(应尽能够地小,以便装拆。磁力表座固定在车床导轨上,先测芯轴的跳动量,再将轴承套在芯轴上,将表头笔直打在轴承外圈中部,芯轴不动,转变轴承外圈。表针的改变量即为轴承外圈的径向跳动量。二是简便外圈径向跳动检测法。用上述检测法中所用芯轴,即可检测外圈的径向跳动,办法有2种:一种是将芯轴一端水平夹在台虎钳上,测验办法与车床检测一样;另一种是将芯轴笔直夹在台虎钳上,被测轴承套在芯轴上,在轴承外圈施加必定的力(内径1030 mm为15 N;3050 mm为20 N;50160 mm为25 N)。现场测验时可用一样轴承数只,分量与需求相差不大即可。其检测办法与车床检测一样。当2个成果不一样时,应今后一种办法为准。One is the detection method of lathe. 1 core axis machining on a lathe, make the core shaft diameter and the inner diameter of the bearing cooperation for, and small taper ( should be small, for assembly and disassembly. The magnetic gauge seat is fixed on the lathe guide rail, first measure the runout of the core shaft, the bearing is sheathed on the mandrel, will head straight to play on the outer ring of the bearing core shaft central, not moving, changing the bearing outer ring. Change hands for run-out radial bearing outer ring. Two is the detection method is simple and the outer radial runout. The detection method of the core shaft, radial can detect outer beating, there are 2 ways: one is the core shaft end level held in a vise, test methods a