“to+one’s+情感名词”结构用法详解.doc

“to + ones +情感名词”是英语中一个十分有用的结构,主要表示某人由于某事的发生而唤起其内心的某种情感,通常译为“令某人的是”“使某人感到的是”在学习这类结构时,同学们应弄清以下几个方面一该结构主要适用哪些名词能用于该结构的名词非常有限,常见的有 admiration (羡慕), amazement (惊奇), amusement (娱乐), annoyance (烦恼), astonishment (惊奇), delight (欣喜), despair(绝望), disappointment(失望), embarrassment(难堪), happiness(幸福), horror (恐怖), joy (高兴), puzzlement (疑惑), regret (遗憾), relief (放心), satisfaction (满意), shame (羞愧), sorrow (悲伤), surprise (惊讶)等如:To my amazement, he arrived on time. 令我惊异的是,他居然准时赶到了To my great amusement his false beard fell off. 使我感到极其好笑的是,他的假胡子掉了下来To his annoyance, he discovered they hadnt waited. 他发现他们没有等他而感到十分烦恼To his no small astonishment the woman began to laugh. 使他吃惊不小的是这个女人竟开始笑了起来To her embarrassment, she couldnt remember his name. 令她感到困窘的是,她记不起他的名字了To my shame I never thanked him for his kindness. 我感到惭愧的是对他的好意我从未表示过感谢注:有时可将两个名词并列使用如:To her surprise and joy, she was awarded first prize. 使她又惊又喜的是,她获得了一等奖To her great disappointment and annoyance, she failed in the English examination again. 使她极为失望和苦恼的是,她的英语考试又没有及格二如何强调该结构的语气若要加强该结构的语气,通常有两种方式:1. 在名词前加 great, deep, utter 等形容词修饰如:To our great delight the day turned out fine. 使我们感到十分高兴的是,天气转晴了To my great disappointment I failed to get the job. 我没得到那份工作,大为失望To his great disappointment, she wasnt on the train. 令他大大失望的是她不在那列火车上To my utter delight he lent me the money I needed. 使我十分高兴的是,他借给了我需要的钱To my deep indignation, he pretended not to know about it. 使我十分愤慨的是,他假装不了解此事2. 在整个短语前加副词 greatly, much 等修饰如:Greatly to my regret, I can not attend the party. 很可惜的是,我无法参加聚会He has succeeded, much to the delight of his parents. 他成功了,这使他父母都非常高兴Much to my surprise the door was unlocked. 使我大为吃惊的是,门没有锁Much to my regret I am unable to accept your invitation. 很抱歉,我不能接受你的邀请三该结构在句中的位置该结构通常位于句首,但有时也可位于句末,甚至句中如:He broke it, greatly to my annoyance. 他打破了那东西,这使我非常气恼I learned to my sorrow that he was killed in the accident. 我获悉他在事故中丧生而深感悲痛I discovered to my horror that my passport was missing. 使我惊恐的是,我发现我的护照不见了The work was done to his own satisfaction, but in my opinion it was badly done. 这工作他做得很满意,但在我看来,却是做得很糟四该结构的变体该结构通常的变体是“to the + 情感名词 + of sb”如:To the surprise of everybody the man was the girls father. 使大家吃惊的是,这个人就是这个女孩的父亲He fell in the water, much to the entertainment