Something about Computer.doc

Something about ComputerThe short introduction about history of computer development With the high pace of manufacture development and society progress, counting tools have past a quite long history from simple to complex, from elementary to high stage, such as abacus, slide rule, hand-control mechanical computer, and motor-driven mechanical computer. The first electronically digital computer in the world, named ENIAC, was born in 1946 in America. It was consisted of more than 18,000 electron tube, with a huge volume of 170 square meter and a weight of 30t, eating up electricity nearly 140kw. It has an amazing calculate ability that it can work out 5000 times addition and 300 times multiplication in one second. From the eye of computers development tendency, its possible to invent thousands of billion computer in 2010 years before in USA.In short 50 years, computer has going through from vacuum tube, transistor to IC and VLSI, with more convenient volume, more powerful function and cheaper price. Now it has been widely applied in the world and it is on the way to the next generation,First-generation computer The first-generation computer developed from 1946 until 1958. It used to be devoted into scientific calculation, only in quite important departments and researching institutions. Its not convenient, with a big volume, a low speed and a quite small storage, neither reasonable price. Second-generation computer The second-generation computer developed from 1958 until 1965. Its speed was nearly 100 times faster than the first, for transistor introduced as computers central parts; thus reducing the volume to one fiftieth. As to the area of software, computer language was introduced. The second not only used into scientific calculation, but also data process and general affairs, even in industrial control which called industrial computer.Third-generation computer The third-generation computer developed from 1965 until 1970. The electron device of computers are small integrated circuit at that time, Computer became more and more popular, such as in word processing, business administration, auto control area. Whats more amazing, after combination with communication technology, computer is plunging into manufacturing management, traffic control and information retrieval.Fourth-generation computer The fourth-generation computer refers to computers that were mainly made of large scale integrated circuit and super large scale integrated circuit after 1970. For example, 80386 microprocessor can integrate 320 thousands transistors in a single 10mm by 10mm slug. Microprocessor (MPU) and microcomputer are the most important embranchment of the fourth, which is based on comical and large scale integrated circuits.The characteristics of computerStrong memory There is large content storage device in computers. It can store up not only huge information of words, pictures, photos and audio, but also program for managing computers.High computational accuracy and exact logic judgment Computer can work with a high computational accuracy and an impossible speed that human being cannot reach. Computer is endued with a reliable judge ability thus realizing automatic work, for dependence, top speed and sensibility.Top speed handling capacityComputer has top speed handling capacity, which can reach one billion even ten per second. For example, once a mathematician used decades of years trying to calculate circumference ratio to the 707th decimal; however in modern times, computer can finish calculating two million decimal of in one second.Automatic device