选修六 uni unit grammar 虚拟语气ppt课件.pptVIP

Unit1 Unit2虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示所叙述的不是事实 而是一种愿望 假设 建议 猜测或使语气婉转 虚拟语气的应用一 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的应用二 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用三 虚拟语气在asif asthough引导的方式状语从句的应用四 特殊句型的虚拟语气五 难点 特殊虚拟条件句 一 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的应用 1 与现在事实相反 对现在的虚拟 从句谓语 主句谓语 IfIhadalotofmoneynow Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld 一般过去时 would should could might 动词原形 IfI aboy I thearmy A were wouldjoinB am shalljoinC was wouldjoinD was shalljoin A 注意 在虚拟语气的从句中 be动词的过去式一律用were 不能用was 2 与将来事实相反 对将来的虚拟 从句谓语 主句谓语 IfitwereSundaytomorrow Ishouldgotoseeafilm IfheshouldhavetimenextSunday hewouldgotovisittheGreatWall IfIweretobetwentynextyear Icouldtakethecourse 1 一般过去时 would should could might 动词原形 2 should 动词原形 3 wereto 动词原形 Ifhe inadayortwo Iwouldwaitforhim A returnsB shouldhavereturnedC weretoreturnD hadreturned2 Idon tthinkhewillattendtheparty Butifhe theparty whatwouldhewear A shouldattendB wouldattendC attendD hadattended C A 3 与过去事实相反 对过去的虚拟 从句谓语 主句谓语 Ifhehadcomeearlieryesterday hewouldhaveseenher 过去完成时即had 动词的过去分词 would should could might have 动词的过去分词 Ifyou thedoctor sadvice youwouldhaverecoveredalready A followedB wouldfollowC followD hadfollowed2 Ididn tknowSmithwascominguntilnow Ifyouhadletmeknowyesterday I totheairporttomeethim A wouldhavegoneB wouldgoC willhavegoneD willgo D A 注意 if虚拟条件句的倒装和省略 当从句中有were had或should时 可省略if 把它们放在句首 1 IfIwereateacher Iwouldhavelotsofstudents Iateacher Iwouldhavelotsofstudents 2 IfIhadenteredrui anhighschool Iwouldnotsitherenow enteredrui anhighschool Iwouldnotsitherenow 3 IfweshouldvisitZhejiangUniversitytomorrow Iwouldplaybasketballthere visitZhejiangUniversitytomorrow Iwouldplaybasketballthere Were HadI Shouldwe 二 虚拟语气在宾语从句中的应用 1 wish 宾语从句IwishIwereadoctor IwishIshouldgoabroadnextyear 3 IwishIhadseenthefootballmatch 与现在事实相反 宾语从句的谓语动词用过去时 与将来事实相反 宾语从句的谓语动词用would could might 动词原形 与过去事实相反 宾语从句的谓语动词用过去完成时 注意1 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句 表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气 从句中的动词形式一样 即 should v order command advice suggestion proposal demand requirement request desire Mydemandisthatshe come toseemeonceaweek Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory closedown should come should becloseddown 2 suggest等动词 宾语从句 在宾语从句中 谓语动词用should 动词原形 should可省略 这类动词有 insistorder commandadvise suggest proposedemand require request desire即 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求 Practice 我们建议汤姆去休息一下 Wesuggestedthat 他坚决要求我向他道歉 Heinsistedthat Tom should havearest I should apologizetohim 坚持要某人做某事 注意2 insist suggest后接的宾语从句不用虚拟语气的情况 sheinsistedthatshewasright 2 Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewasunhappy 当insist的意思是坚持某人自己的观点 坚持认为时 后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气 当suggest的意思是暗示 表明时 后接的宾语从句不能用虚拟语气 Iwouldratheryou pay menow Iwouldratheryoualso go yesterday Don tcome Iwouldratheryou come tomorrow 3 wouldrather 宾语从句表示现在或将来的情况 谓语动词用一般过去式表示过去的情况 谓语动词用过去完成时 paid came hadgone 根据汉语意思补全下列句子 每空一词 如果我带钱了 我就会借给你一些 IfIhadmoneywithme I 2 如果他听我的劝告的话 就不会犯这样的错了 Ifhe hewouldnothavemadesuchamistake 3 如果下周日大雪 我们就不去滑冰了 Ifthere aheavysnownextSunday we 4 如果贝蒂知道你的地址 她早就给你写信了 Betty youraddress shewouldhavewrittentoyou 5 如果我还年轻 我会努力学习取得学位 Iwouldstudyhardtogetadegree would lend you some had taken my advice were would not go skating Had known Were I young 三 虚拟语气在asif asthough引导的方式状语从句的应用 Hebehavesasifhe own thehouse owned 1 Shelovesthebabyasifit be herownson 2 Irememberthewholethingasifit happen yesterday were hadhappened evenif eventhough 即使Evenifhewerehere hecouldnotsolvetheproblem EvenifIhadbeenbusythen Iwouldhavehelpedyou 1 It s high time that 该是做 的时候了 should v 过去时 你该走了 我们该去睡觉了 It stimethatyouwent It stimethatyoushouldgo It stimethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed should不可省略 四 特殊句型的虚拟语气 2 It snecessary strange natural important impossible apity that从句 从句中的动词要用虚拟 即 should 动词原形 Itisimportantthatwe master aforeignlanguage Itisstrangethatshe refuse tocometotheparty It snecessarythatwe study hard It sapitythatyou miss agoodchance should master should refuse should study should miss 3 Ifonly引导的感叹句 要是 该有多好啊 对现在的虚拟 用过去式 对过去的虚拟 用过去完成时 翻译 要是我知道答案就好了 IfonlyIknewtheanswer 要是我没错过火车就好了 IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 五 难点 特殊虚拟条件句 1 错综时间条件句 主句的谓语和条件从句的谓语表示的动作在时间上不一致 这时主从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同 这叫做 Ifyou ask himyesterday you know whattodonow Ifthestaff be morecareful themall notbe onfirenow 例句中从句与过去事实相反 主句与现在事实相反 混合条件句 hadasked wouldknow hadbeen wouldnotbe 2 含蓄条件句 条件从句不表示出来 而是暗含在上下文或短语中 如介词without或butfor 要不是 引导的短语 代替if引导的虚拟条件句 Withoutwater Iftherewerenowater fishcouldnotlive 对现在的虚拟 用would should could might V原Butforyourhelp Ifyouhadnothelpedme Iwouldhavefailed 对过去的虚拟 用would should could mighthavedone 情态动词 havedonecouldhavedone本来可以 mighthavedone本来可能 should oughttohavedone本来应该做 shouldn t oughtnottohavedone本不该做 needn thavedone本不必做 wouldhavedone本来会去做 你本不应该告诉她真相 Youshouldn thavetoldherthetruth 我没必要擦窗户 我兄弟做了 Ididn tneedtocleanthewindows Mybrotherdidit 我没有足够的钱 否则我会买那本书的 Ididn thaveenoughmoney otherwiseIwouldhaveboughtthatbook 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1 IfI know moreaboutgivingfirstaid I help themwhentheaccidenthappened 2 IfI be aman I run forpresident 3 Doyouthinkthethiefenteredthroughthesidedoor No ifhe have he notbreak thewindowofthelivingroom hadknown wouldhavehelped were wouldrun hadhad wouldn t havebroken 4 Iwouldratheryou stay