综合教程 新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材教师ppt课件.ppt

Unit5 Readthefollowingsentencesaloud payingspecialattentiontoliaison Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediency Don tbeafraidofthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbesmarterthanyouare 1 2 3 Readingaloud Pre readingActivities Readingaloud1 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Don tengageinapersonalcover upofareasthatareunpleasinginyourlife Self respectandaclearconsciencearecomponentsofintegrityandarethebasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers 4 5 Pre readingActivities Readingaloud2 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation 1 QuoteDanteAlighieri Followyourowncourse andletpeopletalk Culturalinformation Culturalinformation1 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation 2 Belief Culturalinformation2 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Theconceptofbeliefpresumesasubject thebeliever andanobjectofbelief theproposition So likeotherpropositionalattitudes beliefimpliestheexistenceofmentalstatesandintentionality bothofwhicharehotlydebatedtopicsinthephilosophyofmindwhosefoundationsandrelationtobrainstatesarestillcontroversial Beliefsaresometimesdividedintocorebeliefs thoseyoumaybeactivelythinkingabout anddispositionalbeliefs thoseyoumayascribetobuthaveneverpreviouslythoughtabout Forexample ifasked doyoubelievetigerswear pinkpajamas apersonmightanswerthattheydonot despitethefacttheymayneverhavethoughtaboutthissituationbefore Thatabeliefisamentalstatehasbeenseen bysome ascontentious Whilesomephilosophershavearguedthatbeliefsarerepresentedinthemindassentence likeconstructs othershavegoneasfarasarguingthatthereisnoconsistentorcoherentmentalrepresentationthatunderliesourcommonuseofthebeliefconceptandthatitisthereforeobsoleteandshouldberejected Culturalinformation3 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Watchavideoclipandanswerthefollowingquestions WhatdoyouthinkofMiranda slifeaccordingtothevideo IfyouwereAndrea wouldyouleaveorstay 1 2 Audiovisualsupplement Pre readingActivities Audiovisualsupplements1 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation She satypicalcelebrity Sheenjoyspeople sattention Sheliveshighandhaslotsofluxuries Open Pre readingActivities Audiovisualsupplements3 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Miranda Andrea Miranda Andrea ButIreally Iseeagreatdealofmyselfinyou Youcanseebeyondwhatpeoplewantandwhattheyneed andyoucanchooseforyourself Idon tthinkI mlikethat I Icouldn tdowhatyoudidtoNigel Miranda Icouldn tdosomethinglikethat Mm Youalreadydid ToEmily That snotwhatI No thatwas thatwasdifferent Ididn thaveachoice VideoScript1 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation VideoScript2 Readingaloud Audiovisualsupplement Culturalinformation Miranda Andrea Miranda Oh no youchose Youchosetogetahead Youwantthislife thosechoicesarenecessary Butwhatifthisisn twhatIwant Imean whatifIdon twannalivethewayyoulive Oh don tberidiculous Andrea Everybodywantsthis Everybodywantstobeus Thewriterrealizesthepresentandtherealofintegrity Hewantstotellusthatintegrityisineveryareaofsocietyandthatitissomethingwemustourselves Hewantstoconvinceusthatonlybyinthefaceofpersonalpressure byalwaysandby canwelivearichlifeofprincipleandsuccess Summarizethemainideaofthetext Mainidea scarcity GlobalReading Mainidea Mainidea Structuralanalysis importance whatisfundamental demandof standingfirmlyfor ourconvictions givingotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs beinghonestandopenaboutwhatwereallyare 1 Workoutthestructureofthetextbycompletingthetable Structuralanalysis Thispartcontainsacontrast theauthor sgrandparentsandtheirgenerationfirmlybelievedinhonestyanddemonstrateditbythewaytheylived butnowadaysintegrityisgettingscarcer ThispartisdevotedtoanexplanationofwhattheauthorcallstheIntegrityTriad Structuralanalysis1 Mainidea Structuralanalysis Thewriterfurtherexplainswhatintegritymeansandpointsoutwhatbenefitandprospectalifeofprinciplewillbringyou Structuralanalysis2 Mainidea Structuralanalysis 2 WhatarethetwomethodstheauthorusestoexplainthethreeprinciplesthatconstitutetheIntegrityTriad Structuralanalysis3 Mainidea Structuralanalysis Thewriterexplainstheprinciplesmainlybyusingexamples asintheexplanationofthefirsttwoprinciples andpersuasion asinthatofthethird 1 Mygrandparentsbelievedyouwereeitherhonestoryouweren t Therewasnoin between Theyhadasimplemottohangingontheirliving roomwall Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow Theydidn thavetotalkaboutit theydemonstratedthemottobythewaytheylived HowtoBeTruetoYourself Detailedreading1 Detailedreading 2 Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand Integrityisaninnerstandardforjudgingyourbehavior Unfortunately integrityisinshortsupplytoday andgettingscarcer Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety Anditissomethingwemustdemandofourselves Detailedreading2 Detailedreading 3 AgoodtestforthisvalueistolookatwhatIcalltheIntegrityTriad whichconsistsofthreekeyprinciples 4 Standfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure There sastorytoldaboutasurgicalnurse sfirstdayonthemedicalteamatawell knownhospital Shewasresponsibleforensuringthatallinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedforduringanabdominaloperation Thenursesaidtothesurgeon You veonlyremoved11sponges andweused12 Weneedtofindthelastone Detailedreading3 4 Detailedreading 5 Iremovedthemall thedoctordeclared We llclosenow 6 Youcan tdothat sir objectedtherookienurse Thinkofthepatient 7 Smiling thesurgeonliftedhisfootandshowedthenursethe12thsponge You lldojustfineinthisoranyotherhospital hetoldher 8 Whenyouknowyouareright youcan tbackdown Detailedreading5 8 Detailedreading 9 Alwaysgiveotherscreditthatisrightfullytheirs Don tbeafraidofthosewhomighthaveabetterideaorwhomightevenbesmarterthanyouare 10 DavidOgilvy founderoftheadvertisingfirmOgilvy Mather madethispointcleartohisnewly appointedofficeheadsbysendingeachaRussiannestingdollwithfiveprogressivelysmallerfiguresinside Detailedreading9 10 Detailedreading 11 Hismessagewascontainedinthesmallestdoll Ifeachofushirespeoplewhoaresmallerthanweare weshallbecomeacompanyofdwarfs Butifeachofushirespeoplewhoarebiggerthanweare Ogilvy Matherwillbecomeacompanyofgiants Andthatispreciselywhatthecompanybecame oneofthelargestandmostrespectedadvertisingorganizationsintheworld Detailedreading11 Detailedreading 12 Behonestandopenaboutwhatyoureallyare Peoplewholackgenuinecorevaluesrelyonexternalfactors theirlooksorstatus inordertofeelgoodaboutthemselves Inevitablytheywilldoeverythingtheycantopreservethisfa ade buttheywilldoverylittletodeveloptheirinnervalueandpersonalgrowth 13 Sobeyourself Don tengageinapersonalcover upofareasthatareunpleasinginyourlife Whenit stough doittough Inotherwords facerealityandbeadultinourresponsestolife schallenges Detailedreading12 13 Detailedreading 14 Self respectandaclearconsciencearepowerfulcomponentsofintegrityandarethebasisforenrichingyourrelationshipswithothers 15 Integritymeansyoudowhatyoudobecauseit srightandnotjustfashionableorpoliticallycorrect Alifeofprinciple ofnotsuccumbingtotheseductivesirensofaneasymorality willalwayswintheday Itwilltakeyouforwardintothe21stcenturywithouthavingtocheckyourtracksinarearviewmirror Mygrandparentstaughtmethat Detailedreading14 15 Detailedreading demonstrate vt 1 show makeclear Detailedreading1 demonstrate1 e g Thesefiguresclearlydemonstratethesizeoftheeconomicproblemfacingthecountry Researchhasdemonstratedthatbabiescanrecognizetheirmother svoiceverysoonafterbirth Detailedreading 2 makeapublicexpressionthatyouarenotsatisfiedaboutsomething especiallybymarchingorhavingameeting e g Thousandsofpeoplegatheredtodemonstrateagainstthenewproposals 成千上万的人一起游行示威反对新提议 Detailedreading1 demonstrate2 Derivations demonstration n demonstrative adj Detailedreading Synonyms show exhibit display Translation Galileodemonstratedthatobjectsofdifferentweightsfallatthesamespeed 伽利略证明 不同重量的物体下落时速度相同 Pleasedemonstratehowthemachineworks 请示范机器的使用方法 Translation Detailedreading1 integrity1 Detailedreading integrity n 1 thequalityofbeinghonestandhavingstrongmoralprinciplesthatyourefusetochange e g Noonedoubtedthatthepresidentwasamanofthehighestintegrity Youcantrusthim heisamanofcompleteintegrity 你可以相信他 他是一个刚正不阿的人 2 thequalityofbeingwholeandcomplete e g Ourintegrityasanationisthreatenedbytheseseparatistforces 我们国家的完整受到了这些分裂主义势力的威胁 Detailedreading1 integrity2 Detailedreading Synonyms honesty unity wholeness Collocation inone sintegrity完整 原封未动 Detailedreading1 morality1 Detailedreading morality n apersonalorsocialsetofstandardsforgoodorbadbehaviorandcharacter orthequalityofbeingright honestoracceptable e g Theyarediscussingthemoralityofcloning 他们正在讨论克隆的道德性 Hiswaysofmakingmoneyarecertainlysuccessful butIdoubttheirmorality Synonym ethics Antonym immorality Derivation moraladj e g Iamunconcernedwithquestionsofreligionormorality 我对宗教问题或者道德问题不感兴趣 Whetheracountryshouldhavenuclearweaponsornotshouldbeaquestionofethics notofpolitics 一个国家是否该拥有核武器应该是个道德问题 而非政治问题 Ethicsisabranchofphilosophy 伦理学是哲学的分科 Detailedreading1 morality2 Detailedreading Comparison morality ethics morality therightnessorpurenessofbehaviorethics Itreferstothestudyofwhatismorallyright whatisnotandthequestionsconcerned Detailedreading1 expediency Detailedreading expediency n whensomethingishelpfulorusefulinaparticularsituation butsometimesnotmorallyacceptable e g Hisbehaviourseemstobegovernedsolelybyexpediency Allhisactionsaregovernedbyexpediency 他所有的行动都是一种权宜之计 Synonym expedience Derivation expedientadj Detailedreading1 athand Detailedreading athand nearintimeorplace e g Healwayskeptthepictureofhisgirlfriend scloseathand 他总是把女朋友的相片放在身边 Yourbigmomentisathand 你的重大时刻即将到来 Detailedreading1 scarce Detailedreading scarce adj noteasytofindorget e g Foodwasscarcethroughoutthewar 在战争期间食物匮乏 HotelaccommodationwasscarceduringtheOlympicGames 奥运会期间 旅馆房间很难找 Foodandcleanwaterwerebecomingscarce Synonym deficient Derivation scarcityn Detailedreading1 thebottomline1 Detailedreading thebottomline themostimportantfactinasituation e g Thebottomlineisthatweneedanothertenthousanddollarstocompletetheproject Ifyoudon tmakeaprofit yougooutofbusiness that sthebottomline 不盈利 就停业 根本问题就在这里 Detailedreading1 thebottomline2 Detailedreading Activity SentenceMakingDirection Youaresupposedtomakesentencesbyusingthefollowingwordsorphrasesasmanyaspossible thebottomlinescarceexpediencymoralityathandscarce Mygrandparentsbelievedyouwereeitherhonestoryouweren t Therewasnoin between Detailedreading1 Mygrandparentsbelieved Translation 我的祖父母坚信人要么是诚实的要么是不诚实的 不存在中间的品质 Detailedreading Theyhadasimplemottohangingontheirliving roomwall Lifeislikeafieldofnewlyfallensnow whereIchoosetowalkeverystepwillshow Detailedreading1 Theyhadasimplemottohanging Translation 他们起居室的墙上挂着一条简短的箴言 箴言写道 生活就像一块刚刚下过雪的土地 我选择从哪里走过 哪里就会留下清晰的足迹 Detailedreading 出于直觉 他们领悟到 正直 意味着拥有自己的道德和伦理标准 不会出于权宜而牺牲这一标准 也不会将它与眼下的形式联系起来 Theyunderstoodinstinctivelythatintegritymeanshavingapersonalstandardofmoralityandethicsthatdoesnotsellouttoexpediencyandthatisnotrelativetothesituationathand Explanation Integritymeansthatoneshouldhaveapersonalstandardforjudgingwhatismorallyrightandwrong Hedoeswhathethinksheshoulddo notwhathethinkswillhelphimandhisjudgmentisnotaffectedbyanyexternalcircumstances Translation Detailedreading1 Theyunderstoodinstinctively Detailedreading Detailedreading1 Butitistherealbottom Detailedreading 但是 这是社会任何领域中真实的底线 Butitistherealbottomlineineveryareaofsociety Paraphrase Butitisthemostimportantconsiderationineverysocialactivityand therefore youmustacceptit eventhoughyoumaynotlikeit Translation 2 Whatpromptedthewritertowriteaboutthetopic Detailedreading2 Quesion2 Integrityisinshortsupplytoday butitisthereallyfundamentalthingineveryactivityofsocietyandabasicqualitythatwemustpossess Detailedreading Paragraphs1 2Questions1 Whatisthecontrastpresentedinthebeginning Thewriter sgrandparentsandtheirgenerationfirmlybelievedinhonestyanddemonstrateditbythewaytheylived butnowadaysintegrityisgettingscarcer consistof bemadeoforformedfromsomething Detailedreading2 consistof1 e g Aweekconsistsofsevendays Mostpeoplearefamiliarwiththeideathatallmatterconsistofatoms 大多数人熟悉一切物质都由原子组成这一概念 TheteamconsistsoffourEuropeansandtwoAmericans It sasimpledishtoprepare consistingmainlyofriceandvegetables Detailedreading Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen Detailedreading2 consistof2 Detailedreading Collocation consistin havesomethingasamainandnecessarypartorquality e g Happinessconsistsintryingtodoone sduty notinamassingwealth 快乐的源泉在于尽义务 而不在于积聚财富 Thevalueofthisteachingmethodconsistsintheinterestitstimulatesinthestudents 这种教学法的优点是在于能引起学生的兴趣 Synonym becomposedof e g Detailedreading3 principle1 Detailedreading principle n 1 abasicideaorrulethatexplainsorcontrolshowsomethinghappensorworks e g Thesystemworksontheprinciplethatheatrises 该项装置是按照热力上升的原理运转的 Theorganizationworksontheprinciplethatallmembershavethesamerights Detailedreading3 principle2 Detailedreading e g Weadheretotheprinciplethateveryoneshouldbetreatedfairly 我们必须坚持平等待人这一原则 Shedoesn thaveanyprinciples Hewasamanofprinciple Anyway Ican tdeceivehim it sagainstallmyprinciples Inevergamble asamatterofprinciple becauseIbelieveitiswrong 2 moralruleorstandardofgoodbehavior Detailedreading3 principle3 Detailedreading Collocation inprinciple Ifyouagreewithorbelievesomethinginprinciple youagreewiththeidea e g Theyhaveagreedtotheproposalinprinciplebutwestillhavetonegotiatetheterms 他们基本上同意了那项提议 但我们仍须商定具体条款 InprincipleIagreewiththeidea butinpracticeit snotalwayspossible Theyhaveapprovedthechangesinprinciple Synonyms rule law Detailedreading3 conviction Detailedreading conviction n 1 averyfirmbelief e g Ihavetheconvictionthatheisright 我深信他是对的 IspeakinthefullconvictionthatIwillwin 我深信我会赢 2 whensomeoneisofficiallyfoundtobeguiltyofaparticularcrime e g Theyhavenopreviousconvictions 他们没有前科 Derivations convincevt convincingadj Detailedreading3 beresponsiblefor Detailedreading beresponsiblefor havecontrolandauthorityoversomethingorsomeoneandthedutyoftaking careofitorthem e g Who sresponsiblefortheterriblemess 谁应该对这种混乱负责 Theteacherishighlyresponsibleforherwork Detailedreading3 ensure Detailedreading ensure vt makesomethingcertaintohappen e g Wemustensurethepurityofdrinkingwater 我们必须确保饮用水的纯净 Ifyouwanttoensurethatyoucatchtheplane takeataxi 如果你要想确保能赶上那班飞机 就坐出租车去吧 Theairlineistakingstepstoensuresafetyonitsaircraft Theroleofthepoliceistoensure that thelawisobeyed Synonyms guarantee assure secure Detailedreading3 accountfor Detailedreading accountfor givereasonsfororbethereasonorexplanationfor e g He llhavetoaccountforwhereeverycentgoes 他得说明每一分钱是怎么花掉的 Hehasbeenaskedtoaccountforhisconduct 他被要求解释他的行为 Hecouldnotaccountforhisabsencefromschool 他无法说明他旷课的原因 Wouldanyoneobjectifwestartedthemeetingnow Heobjectstothelabel magician whichheisoftengiven Nooneobjectedwhenthebosssaiditwastimetogohome Detailedreading3 object1 Detailedreading object 1 n athingthatyoucanseeortouchbutthatisnotusuallyalivinganimal plantorperson e g Variousobjectswereonthetable 桌子上摆着各种各样的东西 2 vi feelorexpressoppositiontoordislikeofsomethingorsomeone e g Detailedreading3 object2 Detailedreading Synonyms oppose disagree resist protest Antonym agree Detailedreading3 backdown1 Detailedreading backdown admitthatyouwerewrongorthatyouhavebeendefeated e g Afterbeingshownconclusiveevidence theothersidehadtobackdown 在出示确凿的证据之后 对方不得不作出让步 Afterseveralhours negotiations theyfinallybackeddownontheirunreasonabledemands 经过几个小时的谈判后 他们终于放弃了不合理的要求 Detailedreading3 backdown2 Detailedreading Activity MakingaStoryDirection Makeastorybygroupdiscussion UseasmanyofthewordsandexpressioninParagraphs3 8aspossible Therepresentativefromeachgroupshouldtellthestoryinfrontoftheclassandwillbejudgedbyothergroups Inthissentence theclausewhatIcallIntegrityTriadiscalleda nominalrelativeclause andthepronounwhatisusedlikeanounandarelativepronountogether equivalentinmeaningtothethingwhich Nominalrelativeclausescanbeintroducedbywhat whatever whoever whichever where wherever when andwhenever Theycanfollowprepositions andtheprepositionscannotbeleftout AgoodtestforthisvalueistolookatwhatIcalltheIntegrityTriad Detailedreading2 Agoodtestforthisvalue1 Explanation Detailedreading Detailedreading2 Agoodtestforthisvalue2 Detailedreading e g I llvoteforwhoeverpromisestoreducetaxes IoftenthinkaboutwhenIwasyoung Inmydream Ihadveryvividpictureofwhereweusedtolive Theword fine isusedasanadverb meaningwell insomeconversationalexpressions Thatsuitsmefine Thatmachineworksfineifyouoilit You lldojustfine Detailedreading2 You lldojustfine Explanation Detailedreading WhatisthefirstprincipleoftheIntegrityTriad Detailedreading2 Quesion4 1 ThefirstprincipleoftheIntegrityTriadis Standfirmlyforyourconvictionsinthefaceofpersonalpressure Detailedreading Paragraph4Question Detailedreading2 Quesion4 1 Detailedreading 1 Whatwasthesurgicalnurseresponsiblefor Shewasresponsibleforensuringthatallinstrumentsandmaterialswereaccountedforduringanabdominaloperationandalsothepatient Paragraphs5 8Questions 2 Whatqualitydidthenursedisplaywhenfacingthesurgeon sinsistence Sheknewshewasrightanddidn tbackdown Atlast thefactprovedherclaim Ifyoucan taffordtopaycash buythefurnitureoncredit Detailedreading3 credit1 Detailedreading credit n 1 approvalorpraisethatyougivetosomeoneforsomethingtheyhavedone e g Samneveronceacceptedallthecreditforhimself Collocation give sb credit forsth e g Youcouldatleastgivehimsomecreditforalltheefforthe sputin 2 asystemofbuyinggoodsorservicesandpayingforthemlater e g Detailedreading2 credit2 Detailedreading Comparison credit credibilitycredibility n thequalityofdeservingtobebelievedandtrusted e g Thelatestscandalhasdamagedhiscredibilityasaleader Derivations creditv creditableadj Detailedreading3 rightfully1 Detailedreading rightfully adv inaccordancewithwhatislegallyandmorallycorrect e g Thelandsarerightfullyyours shealwaysintendedyoutohaveit Derivations rightfuladj rightfuln