语法术语的翻译.doc

The Translation of Professional Terms in English Grammar英语语法中专业术语的翻译词类 parts of speech实词 notional word noun pronoun verb adjective adverb numeral虚词 form word article preposition conjunction interjection名词 noun /nJan/ 缩写n.普通名词 common noun(类名词 class noun/ 集体名词 collective noun/ 物质名词 material noun/ 抽象名词 abstract noun )专有名词 proper noun可数名词 countable noun 不可数名词 uncountable noun单数 singular /ljNIs5(r)/ number 复数 plural /lrJlp5/ number名词的格 case of noun 主格nominative /vItnImCn5/ case 宾格objective/vItkeVd5b/ case 所有格possessive/vIsez5p/ case连词 conjunction /nFkNQVd5nk/ 缩写 conj.等立连词 coordinative conjunction 从属连词 subordinative conjunction简单连词 simple conjunction关连连词 correlative conjunction分词连词 participle conjunction短语连词 phrasal conjunction感叹词 interjection 缩写 int.代词pronoun /nJanJrp5/ 缩写pron.人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun nominal possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词 objective possessive pronoun 形容词性物主代词自身代词 self-pronoun相互代词 reciprocal /lkrpIs5Ir/ pronoun eg: each other指示代词 demonstrative /vItrtsnCm5Id/ pronoun疑问代词 interrogative /vItgCr5tnI7/ pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun eg: some something 介词 preposition /nFIz5perp7/ 缩写 prep.简单介词 simple preposition复合介词 compound preposition二重介词 double preposition短语介词 phrasal preposition分词介词 participle preposition介词短语 prepositional phrase形容词 adjective /vItkIVdA5/ 缩写adj.比较等级 degrees of comparison原级 positive degree比较级 comparative degree最高级 superlative degree副词 adverb /b:vdA5/ 缩写adv.普通副词 ordinary adverb疑问副词 interrogative /vItgCr5tnI7/ adverb关系副词 relative adverb连接副词 conjunctive adverb动词 verb / 缩写 v.限定动词 finite /tIanIaf5/ verb非限定动词 nonfinite /tIanIaf5nRn/ verb (动词不定式 infinitive/动名词 gerund/dernd/ /分词 participle/独立结构 absolute construction)实义动词 notional /lnFJn5/ verb 连系动词 link verb 情态动词 modal /ldJm5/ verb 助动词 auxiliary /irilIz5g:R/ verb及物动词 transitive /vItsnArt5/ verb 不及物动词 intransitive verb动词短语 phrasal verb动词的基本形式 principal forms of the verb动词原形 root form of the verb过去式 past tense form 规则动词 regular verb 不规则动词 irregular verb过去分词 past participle现在分词 present participle 时态 tense句子sentence句子成分 members of the sentence主语 subject /tkIVdbQs5/谓语 predicate /tkIderp5/ 谓语动词 predicate verb表语 predicative /vItkId5Irp/ 宾语 objective /vItkeVd5b/定语 attribute /t:UjbIrtA5/状语 adverbial /lib:v5dA/同位语 apposition /nFIz5pA7/句子的独立成分 independent elements of the sentence插入语 parenthetical /lkIteW5nrAp7/ statement句子的分类 classification of the sentence陈述句 declarative /vItrAlk5Id/ sentence positive肯定 negative 否定的 疑问句 interrogative /vItgCr5tnI7/ sentence一般疑问句 general question/特殊疑问句 special question/选择疑问句 alternative question/反义疑问句 disjunctive question祈使句 imperative /vItrep5mI/ sentence感叹句 exclamatory /IrtmAlks5kI/ sentence简单句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列句和复合句 compound sentence and complex sentence关联词 connective主语从句 subject clause表语从句 predicative clause宾语从句 objective clause直接引语 direct speech 间接引语 indirect speech定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause时态 tense时间 time 方面 aspect一般时态 indefinite tense 一般现在时 present indefinite tense 一般过去时 past indefinite tense 一般将来时 future indefinite tense 一般过去将来时 future-in-the-past indefinite tense进行时态 continuous tense 现在进行时 present continuous tense 过去进行时 past continuous tense 将来进行时 future continuous tense 过去将来进行时 future-in-the-past continuous tense完成时态 perfect /tkIf:p5/ tense 现在完成时 present perfect tense 过去完成时 past perfect tense 将来完成时 future perfect tense完成进行时态 perfect continuous tense 过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense 现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense 过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense时态一致 sequence of tenses语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood直陈语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚拟语气 subjunctive mood词法 morphology /iVdlRf5:Rm/句法 syntax /skAtnIs5/词序 word order形式主语 f