八年级英语(下)中考单元复习.doc

八年级英语（下）单元复习Unit 1 Will people have robots?一、短语荟萃：1. space station 太空站 2. fall in love with 爱上 3. go skating 去滑冰 4. in the future 在将来5. hundreds of 许多，大量 6. paper money 纸币 7. credit card 信用卡 8. get bored变得厌倦 9. fewer pollution 更少的污染 10. agree with sb. 同意某人的意见11.fall down 倒下，落下 12. next week 下周 13. next year 明年 14. in 100 years 过一百年后15live alone 单独居住 16. feel lonely 感到孤独二、语法详解一般将来时态1概念：一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。常与将来时间如 tomorrow，next week，next year等连用。2构成：由助动词 will +动词原形构成，有时也可用shall +动词原形。3用法：表示对未来的“预见”，或表示一种“意图”。Will people use money in 100 years? （一百年后人们会使用钱吗？）People wont use paper money in 100 years.（一百年后人们不会使用纸币了。）4. there be 表示“有”，用于“某地有某物”句型。它的一般将来时则为there will be（注意：这时be不再作变化）e.g. There will be more pollution in the future.（将来会有更多的污染。）Will there be fewer trees?（将来的树木会更少吗？）三. 句型概览1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future.fewer； less表示否定之意，分别修饰可数名词和不可数名词；more二者都可以修饰。3. Will kids go to school? No, they wont/Yes, they will。4. Predicting the future can be difficult.5. I need to look smart for my job interview.6. I will be able to dress more casually.7. I think Ill go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?四、能力测试1They say there _a new bridge across the river in tow years.A. will have B. is going to be C. has2Jim, you are late! Sorry , I _next time.A. dont B. wont C. havent3There is little coffee left at home, _there?A. is B. isnt C. will4Do you think there _no students at school in the future?A. will B. wont be C. will5Tom will visit our school _two weeks.A. in B. after C.at Unit 2 What should I do ?一、 短语荟萃1.out of style :过时的,相当于out of fashion 反义词是in style.2.need to do 和need doing 都表示“需要做某事”主语是人时用need to do They need to rest for a while.主语是物时用need doingOur classroom needs cleaning now.我们的教室现在需要打扫了.3.Whats wrong? Whats wrong with sbsth?Something is wrong with=There is something wrong with, 出了毛病.4.ask sb for sth:要求某人给某物You should ask your parents for something.Ask for sth:要求某事He asked for some time to think all this over.他要求给他一些时间把这一切好好想一想.5.borrowfrom,向借 lend sth to sb:把某物借给某人6.notuntil:直到才. He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework last night . 他昨晚直到完成作业才上床睡觉.7 .it 做形式主语与形式宾语.It is + 形容词for sb+to do sth对某人而言做某事.It is difficult for Hanmei to learn English well. 对韩梅来说学好英语很难.find it +形to do sth:发现做某事I found it difficult to learn English well.我发现学好英语难. 8. too much 后接不可数名词，意为“太多的” much too后接形容词或副词，意为“太”He eats too much food, so he is much too fat.他吃的食物太多，因此他太胖了.能力测试1.按要求完成句子.Li lei doesnt know how he can learn English well.(改简单句)Li lei doesnt know_ _ _ _ _.There is something wrong with my watch.(改同意句)_ _ wrong with my watch.我的毛衣过时了(汉译英)_.He has some apples, too(改否定句)He _ _ _ apples _. You should write him a letter.(划线部分提问)_ _ _ _do?2.用所给词的适当形式填空.He is a _(help)man.I have more pears than_(she)we are sorry _(hear)of his fatherdeath.I felt quit _ (surprise)at the bad news.You should _(be)friendly for others.I _(argue)with my best friend just now.he could do nothing except_(read)a book.I need to get some money_(pay for)that bike.Unit 3What were you doing when the UFOarrived?一、词汇聚焦（一）、单词拓展1.buy过去式bought 2.usual反义词 unusual 3.get过去式 got 4.ride过去式 rode 5.run 过去式ran 6.meet 过去式met 7.hear过去式 heard 8.ring过去式 rang 9.tell过去式 told 10.recent 形容词recently 11.mean名词 meaning 12.become过去式 became 13.hero复数 heroes 14.fly过去式 flew 15.strange名词 stranger 16.down反义词 up 17.woman复数 women 18.crowd形容词 crowded 19.run现在分词 running 20.final副词 finally 21.shop 形容词shopping 22.take过去式 took 23.have过去式 had 24.close反义词 open 25.get 现在分词getting(二)、短语荟萃1.take place发生 2. barber shop 理发店 3.get out（of）出来 4.take off 起飞；脱衣服 5.run away 跑开；逃跑 6.come in 进来7.hear about听说 8. asas 像一样 9.in front of在前面 10.in the barbers chair 在理发椅上 11.sleep late起的晚 12.get out of the shower 洗完澡出来 13.cut hear理发 14.buy a souvenir 买纪念品 15.go into a store 走进一家商店 16.call the police 打电话叫警察 17.climb the tree 爬树 18.take a photo照相 19. ride his bike骑车子 20.look for寻找 21.at the doctors 在诊所/医院 22.have English class上英语课 23.the news of important events重大事件的新闻 24.in history 在历史上 25.for example 例如 26.at the time在那时 27.have fun =have a good time =have a great time =enjoy oneself玩的高兴；过的愉快 28.of course=sure=certainly当然 29.on the earth在地球上 30.on the moon 在月球上 31.become a national hero成为民族英雄 32.all over the world =around the world 世界各地 33.make a decision 做出决定 34.be supposed to =should应当；理应二、语法详解1.过去进行时：表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表示的时间状语连用。I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.肯定形式：主语+was/were +doing. I was standing in front of the library.否定形式：主语+was not /were not +doing. They were not watching TV.疑问形式：was /were +主语+ doing ？What were you doing when the UFO arrived ？三、能力测试 1). 翻译下列词组和句子1. 一次不寻常的经历 2. 沿街步行 3. 出来 4. 你在骗人/开玩笑 5. 沐浴出来 6.起飞 7. 在厨房 8. 在电话上谈 9. 理发 10. 在诊所 2).用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1、This time yesterday I （read）books. 2、At 9 oclock last Sunday they （have） a party.3、When I （came）into the classroom ，she （read）a story book.4、She （play） computer game while her mother （cook） yesterday afternoon.5.I （have） a shower when you （call）me yesterday.四、例文赏析请写一篇短文，讲述一件你所见所闻或亲身经历的事，谈谈当时的感受和情景。 It was my fifteen birthday yesterday ，but I forgot it .When I got home after school ，I saw many different kinds of food and vegetable in the kitchen .My mother was cooking dinner and my father was helping her .My grandparents were watching Beijing opera on the TV. Around 20 minutes later，dinner was ready .My mother took out a big birthday cake .My parents and my grandparents said to me “Happy Birthday ，dear ！” I was surprised first ，then I became excited and said “thanks”to them. After dinner ，my grandparents gave me a nice violin. My father gave me a new basketball .My mother gave me a special gift -kiss. I was very happy. Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.一、 词汇聚焦（一）单词拓展1.Lucky(名词) （副词） 2.semester(同义词) 3.copy(第三人称单数) 4.difficult(名词) 、 5.borrow(反义词) 6. hard-working(反义词) 7.disappoint(形容词) 8. thin(比较级) （二）短语荟萃1.report card 成绩单 2. pass sth to sb =pass sb sth 把某物传递给某人3. be supposed to 被期望或被要求 4.do well in =be good at 在擅长/做得好 5.get over 克服 6.open up 打开 7.care for =take care of =look after 照顾 8.borrowfrom 从借 9. lend to 把借 10.finish doing sth 完成做某事 11. be mad at 对烦恼/生气 12.get nervous 紧张/不安的 13. pass on 传递 14.first of all 首先 15. every Saturday 每周六16. bothand 两者都（谓语动词要注意对称原则）17. neithernor 两者都不（谓语动词要注意就近和对称原则）18. most of 绝大多数 19.an exciting week 令人兴奋的一周20.agree on something 同意某人的计划；对.取得 一致意见21.agree to do sth. 答应/同意做22.do better in=be better at 在方面做得更好23.be in good health 身体健康24.have a(surprise) party for sb. 为某人举行一次（惊喜聚会）25.end-of-year exam=final exam 期末考试26.notanymore 不再27.an disappointing result 令人失望的结果28.take leave a message 捎（留）个口信29.have a big fight 打架30.feel lucky 感觉很幸运31.people who need help 需要帮助的人32.something we can do for them 我们能为他们做的事33.there is no difference betweenand. 在和之间没有区别二、语法详解关于直接引语与间接引语（一）直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语；用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。 1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时等。 例如： Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.” Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework. 2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化；根据意义进行相应的变化。 如： She asked Jack,“Where have you been?” She asked Jack where he had been. He said,“These books are mine.” He said that those books were his. （二）直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。 1.陈述句的间接引语：陈述句由直接引语变间接引语，由that引导，可以省略。 “I want the blue one.” he told us. “我想要蓝色的。” 他说。 He told us that he wanted the blue one. 他说他想要蓝色的。 2. 疑问句的间接引语 (1)一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时， 由whether 或if 引导。 如： “Has he ever worked in Shanghai?” Jim asked. “他在上海工作过吗？”吉姆问。 Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai.吉姆问他是否在上海工作过。 (2). 特殊疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，仍由原来的疑问词引导。 如：“Which room do you live in?” He asked. “你住哪个房间？”他问我。 He asked me which room I lived in. 他问我住哪个房间。 (3). 选择疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时，由whether/if or引导。 如： “Is it your bike or Toms? Mum asked. 妈妈问：“这是你的自行车还是汤姆的？” Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Toms.妈妈问这是我的自行车还是汤姆的。 3. 祈使句的间接引语当祈使句变为间接引语时，引述动词常用tell，ask，order，request，order等，而把直接祈使句变成带to的不定式短语。 如：The teacher said to the students, ”Stop talking.” 老师对学生们说：“不要讲话了。”The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老师让学生们不要说话了。 三、能力测试( 一)单项选择( )1. Are you good math ? No, I do well English. A at, in B in, at C at, at D in, in(be good at=do well in)( )2. You are supposed for wild animals A care B cared C caring D to care( )3. Last year I was often ill, but now I am good health. A at B of C in D under( )4. He said he sorry, but nobody would listen to him. A is B was C were D will be( )5. She asked me I could lend my bike to her. A that B / C if D which( )6. Mr Lee was mad his wife. A at B of C about D to( )7. What did you say ? . A I say I can hear you B I say I couldnt hear you C I said I couldnt hear you D I said I cant hear you( )8. Could you tell us yesterday? A What do they do B What did they do C What they did D What they do (二)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。1 （首先），you must find your books and then you can read them.2. Today, Im late for school again . I sleep late (不再)3. Please (传递) the salt.4. You must (照顾) your sick mother.5. I should finish (上英语课) and then I can go out with you. .6. I always (变得紧张不安) when I see the envelope from school in the mail . 四、 经典范文 假设你是Tom. 请根据提示，给你父亲写一封来汇报年你的学习成绩。Dear Dad: Hows it going ? I hope you are good in heath . Everything is OK here , I finished my end-of-semester exams last week , and got my report card today , My math teacher said that I was hard-working , My English teacher said that I was good at speaking , My history is not so good, The teacher said I should do better, My science teacher said I was a lazy student , Ill have to try harder at science .Unit 5If you go to the party, youll have a great time.一、短语荟萃1. at the party 在晚会上 2. ask sb. to do sth. 请某人做某事3. stay at home 呆在家 4. half the class/students 一半学生5. get injured 受伤 6. have a great /wonderful/good time 玩得高兴7. take away运走，取走 put away 收起来，放好8. all the time=always 一直，始终 9. make a living (by doing sth) 谋生10.in order to do sth 为了做某事 11. have a party 举行聚会12. go to college 上大学13. be famous for 因而著称 be famous as 作为而出名14. make money =earn money 挣钱15. in fact 事实上 16. laugh at 嘲笑17. too much太多(修饰不可数名词) too many太多(修饰可数名词复数)much too+形容词/副词 太18. get exercise 锻炼 注意（exercise当“锻炼”是不可数名词；而当“做操”“练习”是可数名词）19. travel around the world 周游世界 20. work hard 努力工作21. wear jeans 穿牛仔裤 22. let . in 允许进入，嵌入 keepout 不允许进入23. get an education 获得教育 24. take away 拿开，拿走25. study for the test 准备考试26. make some food 准备食物 make dumplings 做水饺 make the bed 整理床铺27. half the class 一半的学生 28. the rules for school parties 学校派对的规则29. childrens hospital 儿童医院 30. join the Lions 加入狮队31. give money to schools and charities 给学校和慈善组织捐钱 32. become a professional soccer player 成为一个职业的足球运动员33. organize the games for the class party 为班级派对准备游戏34. play sports for a living 靠体育运动为生 35. be able to do sth. 有能力做某事 37. all over the world 全世界二、语法详解1.含有if从句的几点要求:If you go to the party ,you will have a good time.这是一个含有if的复合句,表示对将来的打算,推测. 先假设一种条件(从句),然后说出在这种条件下产生的结果(主句),则从句用一般现在时态代替将来时态,主句用将来时态.Eg：If you go ,I will come. If you make a lot of money, you will look after your mother better.2.有关why not Why not,汉语意思为为什么不,通常用来提出建议,这是一个省略形式的问句,这里可以拓展为why dont you , eg.Why not go out for a dinner with us.= Why dont you go out for a dinner with us.归纳:表示建议的句子还有:What about/how about doing sth.eg: What about drinking a cup of tea?三、能力测试1.用所给词的适当形式填空(1) Dont_ ( speak)to others while doing your homework(2).Uncle Zhang enjoys_ (listen)to music.2.改错（1）Im afraid Ill give you much too trouble.( )(2)The house is enough big for five of us to live in.( )(3)There is going to have a basketball match tomorrow.( ) Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?一、 短语汇萃1. go skating 去滑冰 2. a pair of 一双，一对 3. in fact 事实上，实际上 4. run out of 用完，用尽 5. by the way 顺便问，顺便说 6. be interested in 对感兴趣 7. far away 在远处 8. thousands of 成千上万，数以千计9. the Olympic Games 奥林匹克运动会 11. last night 昨晚 12. how long 多长时间 13. for five years 五年 14. since last week 从上周开始到现在15. three and a half years 三年半 16. make kites 制作风筝 17. would like sth / to do sth 想要二、语法聚焦1. 现在完成时构成：助动词have/has+实义动词过去分词e.g I have cleaned the room. 我已经打扫过房间了。 He has already got her help. 他已得到了她的帮助。 Have you had your lunch yet？你吃过午饭了吗？2. 现在完成进行时：概念：现在完成进行时表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在，现在仍在进行，而且还要持续下去。构成：助动词have/has been+实义动词的现在分词肯定句：主语+have/has been+v-ing+其他。I have been collecting stamps for 7 years. 我收集邮票已经七年了。否定句：主语+have/has not been+v-ing+其他。一般问句：Have/has+主语+been +v-ing+其他。特殊问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+v-ing+其他How long have you been collecting shells？你收藏贝壳有多久了？三、（ ）1. -_ did you skate today? -For six hours.A. When B. How long C. What time D. How soon（ ）2. It has been a long time _ I met you last time. A. since B. when C. as D. for（ ）3. This is an _ shell. Maria and I are_ in it.A. interesting, interesting B. interested, interested C. interest, interested D. interesting, interested（ ）4. Thanks_ me the snow globe_ the monster.A. for to send, of B. for sending, of C. to send, from D. to sending, from（ ）5. I would like to give you a present_ your birthday. A, on B. at C. of D. to（ ）6. He _ for 5 years. A. left school B. has learning English C. came to school D. has been learning English用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Every year many _(foreign)come to visit the Great Wall.2. I like this sweater because its _(color).3. Lucy likes _(Russia)food.4._(thousand)of people are playing on the beach.5. He _(be) teaching in this school for 20 years。 你喜欢收藏吗？你喜欢收藏什么？请以“My hobby”为题，写一篇短文，谈谈你的收藏经历及内容，词数80个左右。 例文： My hobbyDo you like collecting? What do you often collect ?Do you like collecting shills or stamps? My hobby is collecting CDs, because I love musicvery much. I have been collecting CDs for 3 years. There are about two hundred CDs in my collection. My favorite singer is Abao. I have collected nearly all his records, My parents are very pleased with my hobby because they like music, too.They ofetn help mi to buy some new CDs and put them away sor me. I enjoy my hobby. It makes me happy and study better Unit 7 Would mind turning down the music?一、 、短语荟萃1. turn down/ up 关小声/调大声音（电器）2. turn on/ off 打开/关闭（电器）3.move the bike 移动自行车 4. in a minute/right away/in no time 立刻,马上 5. be late for school/class=arrive late for school 上学/上课迟到6. wait in line=stand in line 排队等候 7. cut in line=jump a queue 插队 8. get mad/annoyed 变得生气 9. happen to sb 发生在身上 10. half an hour 半小时 11 at first 首先，起初12. at last=in the end=finally 最后13. allow sb. to do /not to do sth. 允许某人做/不做某事14. be allowed to do /not to do sth. 某人不被允许某人做/不做某事15. in public 当众地；公开地；公然地16. in public places 在公共场所 17. break the rule 不遵守规则 18.pick up 捡起 19.putout 熄灭 20.drop litter 扔垃圾 21. keep the voice down 控制声音 二.重难点解析1.doing sth is +形名：做某事是的事，其中doing sth