少年影视座.doc

影视基础提纲草稿Story & Screenplay 故事与电影剧本MAIN CHARACTER主要人物。PIVOTAL PROBLEM主要矛盾。DECISION决定。GOAL目标。OBSTACLES障碍。THE OR-ELSE FACTOR（否则的话要素）其他要素。CLOCK时间。LOCATION场景。混合匹配这些元素启动故事MIX AND MATCH ELEMENTS TO SPARK A STORY矛盾是作者最好的帮手PROBLEMS ARE A WRITERS BEST FRIEND三幕式结构THE THREE-ACT STRUCTURE筹备Preproduction选外景LOCATIONS选演员CASTING场景表MAKING A PRODUCTION BOARD计划表（筹划）THE SHOOTING SCHEDULE拍摄时间表THE PRODUCTION SCHEDULE业务部门。PRODUCTION DEPARTMENTS制片、导演、摄影、照明、美术、制景、化妆、服装、道具、录音、剪辑、音乐。摄制组会议THE PRODUCTION MEETING导演Directing主镜头MASTER SHOT The master shot is any shot that covers all the action of the scene, from the beginning o the end.覆盖镜头COVERAGEThe coverage is any shot (medium, close-up, or cutaway) designed to be edited withthe master shot.摄制组会议THE PRODUCTION MEETING镜头单THE SHOT-LIST银幕方向SCREEN DIRECTION。动作匹配MATCHING ACTION接戏CONTINUITY视线匹配EYE-LINE CONTINUITY场记THE SCRIPT SUPERVISOR动作剪辑点CUTTING ON THE ACTION干净的出入点CLEAN ENTRANCES AND EXITS变换机位VARY THE ANGLE 故事板THE STORYBOARD机位图SHOT DIAGRAM拍摄现场第一天The first day on the set什么是覆盖主镜头的正确方法WHATS THE CORRECT WAY TO COVER THE MASTER?先拍摄主镜头是明智选择ITS A GOOD IDEA TO SHOOT THE MASTER FIRST插入镜头THE CUTAWAY SHOT越轴GROSSING THE LINE清晰交待银幕方向改变的过程IF THE AUDIENCE SEES THE CHANGE IN SCREEN DIRECTION TAKEPLACE, THEY WILL ACCEPT IT.为何备用镜头可以拯救你HOW THE CUTAWAY SHOT CAN SAVE YOU作业WATCH MOVIES TO UNDERSCORE THESE LESSONS 和演员的关系WORKING WITH ACTORS 没有表演NO ACTING, PLEASE!儿童演员WORKING WITH CHILDREN现场排练REHEARSING ON LOCATIONLETS TRY A TAKETHE SILLY EXERCISETHE BEST RULE OF THUMB ABOUT ACTINGCamera 摄影暴光BEXPOSURE色温与白平衡COLOR TEMPERATURE AND WHITE BALANCE焦点FOCUS对焦GETTING A SHARP FOCUS跟焦PULLING FOCUS (FOLLOW FOCUS) 景深DEPTH OF FIELD镜头种类LENSES, FOCAL LENGTH广角镜THE WIDE ANGLE LENS普通镜NORMAL, OR MEDIUM LENS长焦镜THE TELEPHOTO LENS通用术语THE COMMON LANGUAGE OF SHOTS固定镜头THE STATIC SHOT横摇镜头THE PAN SHOT纵摇镜头THE TILT SHOT变焦镜头THE ZOOM跟镜头THE DOLLY SHOT升降镜头THE BOOM SHOT背景BACKGROUNDFOREGROUND前景色彩COLOR板、场号、镜号、条数号SLATES, NUMBERING SCENES AND TAKES人物是构图的主体PEOPLE MAKE THE PICTURE让摄影机动起来LET THE CAMERA MOVEMORE ABOUT THAT SHOT-LIST镜头单 照明Lighting外景光线控制 CONTROLLING LIGHT OUTSIDE反光板光线控制CONTROLLING LIGHT WITH REFLECTORSLIGHTING INTERIORS内景照明LIGHTING THE INTERIOR SCENE主光THE KEY LIGHT辅助光THE FILL LIGHT轮廓光THE RIM LIGHT背景光THE BACKGROUND LIGHT内景光线控制CONTROLLING LIGHT INSIDE演员运动时的布光WHEN ACTORS MOVE中国灯笼THE CHINESE LANTERN混合光MIXING SUNLIGHT AND ELECTRIC LIGHT安全SAFETY布光点PUT LIGHTS WHERE YOU WANT LIGHTYOUR LIGHTS ARE SET现场录音RECORDING DIALOGUE ON LOCATION话筒放置MICROPHONE PLACEMENT话筒杆THE BOOM POLESound 录音 录音机THE SOUND RECORDERLETS RECORD LOCATION SOUND话筒选择MICROPHONE SELECTION IS A COMPROMISE声音透视SOUND PERSPECTIVE声场IS YOUR LOCATION LIVE OR DEAD?风噪音WIND NOISE背景噪音BACKGROUND NOISE背景噪声和编辑BACKGROUND NOISE AND EDITINGBACKGROUND NOISE: BE A CREATIVE PROBLEM SOLVERBACKGROUND NOISE THAT HUMANS DONT HEARADR (AUTOMATIC DIALOGUE REPLACEMENT)BUT WHAT ABOUT THAT TRAFFIC NOISE?EXTRAS DONT TALKVOICE-OVER (V.O.) NARRATIONSOUND EFFECTS Editing 剪辑 MATCHING ACTIONSCREEN DIRECTIONHOW THE CUTAWAY SHOT CAN SAVE YOUCONTINUITYCUTTING ON THE ACTIONCLEAN ENTRANCES AND EXITSWHEN DO WE CUT TO A WIDE SHOT, A MEDIUM SHOT, OR A CLOSE-UP?EDITING, WHERE DO WE BEGIN?EDITING THE MOVIETHE PENCIL EDITEDITING ON VIDEOSTEP BY STEPVIDEO EDITING METHOD 2, VEM-2PREPARING MUSIC, SOUND EFFECTS AND NARRATIONADDING LIVE SOUND EFFECTS AND VOIC