八年级(初二)冀教版,人教版 英语第二单元总结复习.doc

Unit 2 Plant a plantI. Talk about material (说材质) 在本单元当中出现了大量有关材质和制作、制造的表达方法。 1 . be made of (看得出材质） What are shirts made of? They are made of cotton. Cotton is made into shirts. People use cotton to make shirts People make shirts with cotton. 2. be made from (看不出材质） What are straw hats made from? Straw hats are made from the stems of grass plants. The stems of grass plants are made into straw hats. People use the stems of grass plants to make straw hats. People make straw hats with the stems of grass plants3. be made into (被制成.) 1) Grain is made into flour. 2) Trees are made into paper. 3) Sun energy is made into food.4. be made in (在某处被制造） 1) The TV is made in China. 2) The car is made in Germany.5. be made by （以某种方式被制造或者被谁制造） 1) The cake was made by hand/machine. （手工、机器） 2) The toy bear is made by my mother. 本单元出现了其他大量和制造有关的句子,大家应注意。 1) Now Im making my poster. 2) Leaves make food for the plant. 3) Plants use sunlight to make food. 4) We can make and build things with trees like chairs, beds and houses.III. Five types of simple sentences (简单句的五种类型) 简单句是英语的最基本句型结构，是复合句和并列句的组成部分。简单句由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成的句型。一共由五种类型。他们分别是1. 主谓结构 （主语+谓语/不及物动词） 1） The sun rises. 2) The spring is coming. 3) He came to school by bike. 4) Has your seed sprouted?2. 主谓宾结构 （主语+谓语+宾语） 1） I dont like basketball. 2) We wrote a report about agriculture. 3) She is watering the flowers in the garden. 4) Then I will have grain. 3. 双宾语结构 （主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语） 1）I read her a story. I read a story to her. 2) My mother bought me a book. My mother bought a book for me. 3) He made us a wooden ship. He made a wooden ship for us. 4) He has posted us three letters. He has posted three letters to us.4. 复合宾语 （主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语） 1） I helped her brush her teeth. 2) Glass cover keep plants warm at night. 3) We call him Jim. 4) I found a wallet lying on the ground.5. 主系表结构（主语+系动词+表语） 1）Danny is tired. (形容词） 2) Agriculture is about growing plants and raising animals for food. （介词短语） 3) Its the wheats flower. （名词） 4) The weather was sunny and hot. （形容词） 5) The posters were Dannys. （代词） 6) The soup smells delicious. （形容词） 7) He felt terribly ill.（形容词） 8) Food goes bad easily.（形容词） Lesson 9 How does a plant grow? 1. Li Ming and Wang Mei have planted their seeds. 1) plant 种植 Mary plants many kinds of roses in her garden. 2) plant 植物 There are 380,000 kinds of plants in the world. 3) March 12th is the Tree Planting Day.2. Bud grows into flowers. 1) grow. to become Our country is growing stronger and richer. Its growing darker, I have to leave. 2) growplant She grows roses in her garden. 3) grow into, grow from (1) Plants grow from seeds. (2) Seeds grow into plants. (3) A boy grows into a man (4) A man grows from a boy.3. Im going to draw my plants stem and leaves. 1) leaf.leaves4. Would you please lend me your green marker? 1) lend (lent, lent) lend sb sth, lend sth to sb (将某物借出） 2) borrow sth from sb (将某物接入） 3）keep sth for some time. (借某物一段时间） Lesson 10 1. How many plants do you think there are in the world? How many plants are there in the world? 2. Flowers, leaves and stems grow above ground. Roots grow below ground. The temperature falls below zero./ It stays above zero.3. What do roots do? What are roots for? Why do plants have roots? What do plants have roots for?4. Roots bring water from the ground to the plant. 1) bring (brought, brought) bring sb sth, bring sth to sb （带来某物） 2) take sth/sb to (took, taken) (带走某人或者某物） 3） hold (held, held) 拿、举、握；支撑；容纳 (1) He held his baby in his arms. (2) She came into the classroom, holding some books. (3) The meeting room can hold 1,000 people. (4) the stem holds the leaves and flowers in the sunlight. 4) carry 运送、搬运、携带; carry away 带走 (1) The stem carries the water from the roots to the leaves and flowers. 2） Water and wind often carry the soil away.5. The seeds of the rice plant feed billions of people. 1) feed (fed, fed) 喂养, 饲养,供应(饲料)给, 用.喂(to) (1) Have you fed the chickens? (2) The baby needs feeding. (3) The baby cant feed itself. (4) The woman often feeds her baby with apple juice. The woman often feeds apple juice to her baby (5) Chinese feed on rice and wheat.2) billions of, millions of, thousands of, hundreds of Lesson 11 Look after your plant?1. Now its a little plant. Littleyoung and small2. You give it what it needs. (1) Tell me what you know about him. (2) Could you show me what you have taken on your trip?3. Plants use sunlight to make food. They use the food to grow and to make seeds. Leaves use water to make food. (变换句型）4. Gardens are full of plants. Gardens are filled with plants.5. These plants live in very dry places6. They keep water in their stems 1) 储存，保留 May I keep the book for two weeks? People often keep food in the fridge. 2)赡养，养活，饲养 He keeps a large family The old man kept two dogs and three cats 3) 使保持某种状态在这种情况下，keep常跟复合结构（keep宾语补语）。用作宾语补足语常见的词有现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词以及介词短语。 He kept me waiting for half an hour. Keep your mouth closed and your eyes open. The doctor kept me in for a week. They keep their hands behind their backs. 4) 保持、继续（处于某种状态）（keep为连系动词） Keep quiet, please! We should keep healthy. 5) keep (sb.) away (from sth.)（使）某人离开（某物） keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 keep (on) doing sth. 继续做某事 Lesson11.It is pleasant to walk among the trees. 1) pleasant enjoyable愉快的, 快乐的, 舒适的, 合意的 We had a pleasant trip to Shanghai. Her voice is rather pleasant. 2) among (1) 表示位置被.环绕;环抱在.之间 There is a small village among the hills. He likes to sit among the children. * Among the students, she is the most hardworking. (2) between一般指“两者之间”，而among用于三个或三个以上的人或物之中，或笼统的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在中间”。例如：Between the door and the windows there is a map.门和窗户的中间有一张地图。Whats the difference between the two words?这两个词之间有什么区别？The young people lived and worked among the workers.那些年青人生活、工作在工人之中。 He often went among the poor. 3. Donuts dont grow on trees. 1) leaves and branches grow on trees. 2) Birds live in trees.4. We can sit under a tree in the shade.5. All plants take energy from the sun and make it into food. 1) energy 能量；精力 She is full of energy. 2) Sun energy is made into food.6. Without food, they would have nothing to eat and they would die。 (虚拟语气） 1) Without their help, we couldnt have finished the work on time. 2）She hurried to school without breakfast. 3) I bought a house without a garden. die (died, died, dying); dead; death 1) He died 40 years ago. 2) He has been dead for 40 years. 3) His death makes us sad.wwqqq 4) How is your grandfather? He is dead. 5) He is dying. 7. Big pandas eat eighteen kilograms of bamboo.Lesson 14 People and plantPeople use plants in many ways. There are about eighty thousand different plants in the world that people can eat.There are about 8,000 plants in the world. People can eat plants.3. But half of the worlds food comes from only three plants. Half of the students are girls.4. 1) Tables, chairs and beds are furniture. 2) Whats medicine? Doctors use medicine to help sick people. 3) People use plants to make clothing. 4) But half of the worlds food comes from only three plants: rice, corn and wheat. (不可数名词） 5) Books, paper, pencils erasers and ink in the pen .come from plants. 5. We cant live without plants.Lesson 15 Danny Grows Grain!I have a lot to write about today. I have a lot of things to write about today.2. Agriculture is about growing plants and raising an