航海英语302题翻译及答案完整.doc

1. The funnel is a casing used for exhaust pipes from the engines烟囱是套管用于排气管的发动机。 2. The satellite antenna is housed in a plastic dome for weather protection. 人造卫星天线装置在塑料圆顶,用来预测天气.3. The galley(船上或航空器上的)厨房 is where delicious food is cooked厨房是制作美味食物的地方. 4. The messroom(军舰或海军基地的)食堂 is where the crew eat their meals食堂是全体船员用餐的地方.5. The anchor is used to moor停泊, 系泊(船只) 使停泊；使固定 the ship to the seabed海底,海床 to keep it stationary不动的; 静止的,固定的；不可移动的锚是用来固定停泊的船只在海底, 使其不可移动.6. The bulbous bow is a round-shaped underwater part in the front of the ship. The purpose is to create less friction摩擦; 摩擦力with water so that the ship moves more easily.船鼻首是圆形水下部件, 位于船前部, 目的是制造更少的水摩擦力, 使船只可以更易于移动.7. The bow thruster is placed in the front of the ship under the water，which eases berthing (船舶的)停泊位或锚位or manoeuvering sideways斜着, 斜向一边at slow speed船首推进器装置在船的前方, 位于水下，从而缓和泊位或往斜方向操纵时速度减慢。 8. The man in charge of a ship is Master. He is responsible for the ship, her cargo and the safety of the crew. 船上负全责的人是船长. 他对整艘船负责, 以及对船上的货物和全体船员的安全负责.9. The chief officer is the head of the deck department大副是甲板部的首领。 10. This is the sign (Fig. 1) for muster station. 召集站, 集合地点这是集合站的标识.11. You should always wear helmet when working on deck. 在甲板上工作时应保持佩戴头盔.12. Length overall is the length of ship measured from extreme points of the ship forward and aft重心前后限全长是船舶长度测量是从船的前后推导的重心极值点的长度。 13. Amidships在船中部,在船腹 is a point midway between the forward and the after perpendicular. 垂直的;成直角的2.直立的 船腹是垂直线船前后之间的中间位.14. Extreme breath最大宽measured at the midship section and taken from outside of the ships side shell plating船壳边板, 舷侧外板on one side to the outside of ships side shell plating on the other side. 最大宽测量是在船中间和船外部的船壳边板, 从一边到另一边.15. Molded breath measured at midship section and taken from inside the ships shell on one side to inside the ships side shell on the other side. 型宽的测量是在船中部, 从船的内壳一边到另一边.16. Extreme draft is taken from the lower most point最低点of the keel (船的)龙骨to the summer loadline夏季载重水线. 最大吃水是从船的龙骨最低点到夏季载重线.17. Molded draft型吃水is measured from the baseline基线；底线to the summer loadline at the midship section. 型吃水是在船中部测量, 从基线到夏季载重线. 18. Extreme depth最大深度is the depth of the vessel船, 舰at ships side from the upper deck to the lowest point of the keel最大深度是船只的深度, 从船舷从上层甲板到龙骨的最低点.19. Molded depth from baseline to top of the upper deck breadth at the ships side amidships. 型深是在船腹侧面, 从基线到上层甲板宽.20. Right at the top is the deck line. It is 300 mm long and 25 mm wide with its upper edge in line with the uppermost continuous watertight deck. 正顶部是甲板线, 300mm长25mm宽, 上沿与最高的不漏水的无缝舱面成直线。21. Vertically垂直地;直立地below the deckline is a circle whose outside diameter is 300 mm. It is called the Plimsoll disc载重线标圈. 甲板线下面垂直的是一个圈, 圈的直径为300mm. 叫作载重线标圈.22. A horizontal line 450-mm long and 25 mm wide cuts through the loadline disc载重线标圈. It is called the Plimsoll line. 一条水平线450mm长和25mm宽横切过载重线标圈, 叫作载重线标志.23. When a ship is in tropical zone热带载重线区and in seawater of density水密度 1025, she must not load to more than the upper edge of the line marked T.当船在热带载重线区, 且海水密度在1025, 她不能承载多于船的上沿线, 标有记号”T”处.24. When a ship is in summer zone and in the seawater of density 1025, she must not load to more than the upper edge of the line marked S.当船只在夏季载重线区, 且海水密度在1025时, 她不能承载多于上沿线标有”S”处. 25. When a ship is in winter zone冬季区带 and in seawater of density 1025, she must not load to more than the upper edge of the line marked W. 当船只在冬季区带, 且海水密度在1025时, 她不能承载多于上沿线标有”W”处.26. When the density of the water is 1000, i.e. in fresh water and in summer zone a ship may load up to the upper edge of the line marked F. 当水密度在1000, 例如: 在淡水区及夏季区, 一艘船可能承载上至上沿线标有”F”处.27. The foremost最重要的; 最好的; 主要的;最前的part of the upper deck is called the forecastle前甲板,船头的船楼,前甲板下面的水手舱. 最重要的部分是上层甲板, 叫作前甲板.28. The tweendeck甲板间,双层甲板is the intermediate deck between upper deck and the inside bottom of the vessel. 甲板间是中间甲板, 在船的上层及内底部之间. 29. Access to a hold can be obtained through hatches仓口. 进入货仓, 可能会经过仓口.30. The foremost and aftermost spaces of the vessel are the peak tanks 后尖舱. 船的最前和最后的空间是船的后尖舱.31. The double bottom provides strength and storage space for fuel, lubricating oil润滑油, fresh water, salt (ballast (保持船身稳定的)压舱物) water and potable water. 饮用水 双层底舱提供力量和储存空间, 用于燃料, 润滑油, 淡水, 盐水(压舱物)及饮用水. 32. Longitudinal 经度的,纵向的,纵的2.纵观的and transverse横向的;横断的;横切的2.横截的separations between the tanks 罐油柜, which are used to prevent liquids from leaking from one double bottom tank into the other, are called cofferdams空隔舱. 储油罐之间的纵向及横向分隔间, 用于防止液体从双层底部一面漏向另一面, 叫作隔离仓. 33. The navigating bridge 航行桥contains the wheelhouse舵手室with the control station, the chartroom海图室where charts, pilot books and publications are kept, and the radio room. 航海桥包括舵手室, 里面有控制室, 以及存放图纸, 舵手日志,及出版物的海图室, 还有无线电室. 34. Which of the following equipment is for face and eye protection? 下列哪些设施是防护脸部和眼部的? Goggles护目镜and spectacles眼镜35. Which of the following equipment is for respiratory呼吸的,呼吸用的protection? 下列哪些设施是防护呼吸的? Breathing apparatus氧气呼吸器36. Which of the following equipment is for hand and foot protection? 下列哪些设施是防护手和脚的?Gloves手套 and safety boots安全靴37. Which of the following is for body protection? 下列哪些设施是防护身体的?Safety suits安全服38. Which of the following equipment is for protection against drowning? 下列哪些设施是防止溺亡的? Buoyancy aids个人浮力支援39. Which of the following equipment is for protection against hypothermia? 下列哪些设施是防止体温下降的?Immersion suits 浸水保温服40. Long hair should always be covered by a helmet when working with or near moving machinery. 当操作或靠近移动机械时总应佩戴头盔41. Leather gloves should generally be used when handling rough or sharp objects. 通常在手握粗糙或尖锐物体时应佩戴真皮手套42. Rubber gloves are generally best for handling acids, alkalis碱金属, various types of oils, solvents溶剂and chemicals in general. 胶质手套通常最好用在手持酸性，碱金属，不同类型的油，溶剂及普通化学品 43. Personnel working aloft(about 2 meters) 在空中,在头顶上2.在桅顶(或帆索高处) should wear a safety harness 马具, 挽具2.（防止坠落或摔倒的）背带，保护带 给(马等)装上挽具2.治理, 利用 with lifeline救生索;生命线or other arresting device止动装置,掣子;卡子爪,棘轮;制动齿轮at all times一直. 个人头顶(约两米处)作业，应一直佩戴安全背带，系上救生索，或其他止动装置44. Before work is commenced着手near the radar scanner, the officer responsible should ensure that power is shut off and warning notices posted on the bridge and in the machinery spaces.在雷达扫描仪附近着手工作前, 官员有责任确保电源是关着的, 警示标签应贴在桥上和机械的空白处. 45. Before work is commenced on the funnel, the officer responsible should inform the duty engineer to ensure that steps are taken to reduce as far as practicable the emission of steam, harmful gases and fumes. (烟、煤气、新的油漆等发出的)难闻的气味在烟囱上着手工作前, 官员有责任知会当班工程师, 保证工作步骤是能尽量有效地减少蒸气, 有害气体和怪味的排放.46. Which of the following statements concerning cargo is correct? 关于货物, 下列哪种表述是正确的?A. Cargoes are any type of goods transported by any type of ships. 任何货物均能在任何船只上运载.47. The profit from the carriage运输；运费of cargo, which is often called freight, keeps the merchant ship running.来自航运货物运费的利润,通常被称作”运费”, 能保持商运船只的运作.48. The carriers船公司should be responsible for loading, handling处理, stowing充填,积载,储物, 堆装, carrying, keeping, caring for and discharging卸料the goods carried according to the normal practice.船公司应有责任根据正常实际情况来装载, 处理, 堆装, 运输, 保管, 照顾货物及卸货.49. Which of the following statements about general cargoes is not correct? 关于普通货物, 下列陈述哪一种是非正确的?B. General cargoes are packaged hazardous cargoes. 普通货物被包装成有害货物. 50. Raw materials belong to non-hazardous cargo. 原材料属于无害货物. 51. When loading or unloading baled cargo包装货物on board, the straps打包带抓握辅助带吊带are usually used to lift or drag the bales. 当在船上装载或卸载包装好的货物时, 辅助带常用来提升或拉拽已包装货物。52. Tools and instruments belong to finished metallic products. 工具与乐器属于电镀成品。53. Boilers锅炉and cylinders汽缸are manufactured goods制成品,产成品of large size. 锅炉与汽缸是大件的制成品。54. Fragile or expensive cargoes are liable to易于be stolen, pilfered被盗or may be damaged due to improper handling or stowage 堆装物.易碎物及贵重物品易于被偷盗，或可能由于处理欠妥当及堆放物而导致破损。55. Details about the packing, marking and stowing积载 of hazardous cargoes are given in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code. 国际海运危险品编码 有害货物的包装细节，标识及积载提供国际海运危险品编码56A ship is said to be pitching纵摇前后波动when the bow and stern船首和船尾 rise and fall with the oncoming waves. 一艘船被认为前后摇动,是当船首和船尾是随即将来临的海浪的升降而形成的。 57A ship is said to be swaying摇动 when the whole ship moves bodily 整个地to port船、飞机等的）左舷and then to starboard (船舶、飞机的)右舷,右侧.一艘船在被认为有横向摇动, 是当整艘船从左舷到右舷移动时.58. 1 nautical mile海里(合1.852公里) is the length of an arc弧线of a great circle which subtends对角 an angle of 1 minute at the centre of the Earth.1海里是指一个大圆圈的弧度, 一分钟绕地球中心对应处.59. At sea, speed is measured in knots结, 节, 海里/小时. 1 knot equals 1 nautical mile per hour.在海上, 速度是以节/小时测量, 一节等于每小时一海里.60. Meet her means check the swing of the vessels head in a turn. 压舵是指制止船首在转向中偏移.61. Midships means rudder舵 to be held in the force and aft position. 正舵是指舵在首尾线位置被控制.62. The marine sextant航海六分仪is used for measuring horizontal and vertical angles. 航海六分仪是用于测量水平和垂直角度的.63. The chronometer精密计时器;航行表is the navigational 航行的,航海的timekeeper计时器of the vessel. 航行表是船只的航海计时器.64. The echo sounder回音测探器sends a radio signal from the bottom of the ship to the sea-bed, from which it is reflected反射的. 回音测探器是从船底部发无线电信号到海床有反射处. 65. The radar is an equipment used to detect the presence of ships, buoys, coast and many other targets and to obtain range获取距离 and bearing；（用罗盘测定的）方位of these targets.雷达是一个设施, 用来检测船只, 救生圈, 海岸及许多其他目标的出现, 并获取距离及以罗盘测出这些目标的方位.66. The direction finder探向器，方位仪is a radio receiver with ability to sense direction of the incoming radio waves. 方位仪是无线电接收器, 具有感觉前来的电波方位的能力.67. The course recorder航向记录器provids a paper trace描图纸of course steered course to steer 操舵航向by the vessel against time争分夺秒地,尽快地.航向记录器能以描图纸尽快地在船上提供操舵航向.68. Digital selective calling数字选择呼叫is used for calling and replying, and for transmitting acknowledging and relaying继电保护distress alerts呼叫遇险警报.数字选择呼叫是用来呼叫和回应, 及传送通知对方已收到信息及选择呼叫遇险警报.69. Search and Rescue Transponder搜救雷达应答器搜救应答器is used for providing homing signals导航信号 from survival craft 救生载具for detection发觉; 侦查；探测；察觉；发现by 9 GHz gigahertz 千兆赫兹，吉赫radar. 搜救雷达应答器是用来从救生船上提供导航信号, 以9千兆赫雷达来探测. 70. NAVETEX receiver is used for receiving maritime safety information海上安全信息which is automatically printed by the receiver. 航海短信接收器是接收并自动打印海上安全信息的.71. Channel 6 may be used ship-to-ship for SAR operations海上搜救. 第6频道可用于船对船的海上搜救.72. Channel 13 is used for safety of navigation ship-to-ship. 第13频道用于船到船航行的安全. 73. Channel 16 is used for distress危险, 困难, 危难and urgency traffic紧急通信, and may be used by aircraft for safety purpose. 16频道用于危难及紧急通信, 并可能用于飞机的安全目的. 74. Humidity refers to the amount of water vapour in the air.湿度是指空气中水气的数量.75. Precipitation (雨等)降落;某地区降雨等的量is formed when the droplets雨滴 or ice crystals冰珠冰晶in clouds have become sufficiently large to fall to the ground. 降雨是由云中的雨滴或冰晶变得足够大降落到地面.76. Rising clouds腾云 is an indication that the weather is about to clear. 上升云层是预示着天气将会晴朗.77. “Alto” stands for high. “Alto”代表高.78. “Nimbus” means rain. “Nimbus”意思是下雨.79. The presence of cirrus clouds卷云may be a warning for an approaching storm. 卷云的出现可能是预示风暴临近.80. The low-hanging低处的 stratus clouds层云 indicates unstable不稳固的反复无常weather. 低处的云层显示天气反复无常.81. Falling barometric pressure generally indicates that a gale大风or storm is approaching. 下降的大气压一般显示出大风或暴风雨即将来临.82. The most notorious臭名昭著的, 声名狼藉的tropical cyclones热带旋风, with wind speeds of 64 knots and over, are the Hurricane飓风in the North Atlantic and Eastern Pacific, the Typhoon in the Western North Pacific, The cyclone旋风in the South Pacific and the Willy-Willy沙漠旋风in the Australian Area.最臭名昭著的热带旋风, 以风速64节甚至更甚者, 是南大西洋和东太平洋的飓风, 西北太平洋的台风, 南太平洋的旋风及澳洲地区的沙漠旋风. 83. Tides are mainly caused by the gravitational pull of the moon. 海潮主要是由于月亮的地心引力引起的. 84. Medium clouds中云are clouds having their base between sea level and 2 km and 6 km height. 中云是云层有基底, 在海平面与2公里及6公里高之间.85. Cirrus is a silver cloud in the form of feathers or fibres seen high up against a blue sky. 卷云是银色的云, 以羽毛或布匹的形状出现在高高在蓝天上。86. Cirrocumulus卷积云is a high layer of cloud in the form of small flakes flakes or cauliflower花椰菜, 菜花, white in colour with no dark shadows in between. 卷积云是在云层高处，以小鳞片或椰菜花的形状出现，白色，相互间没有黑暗面。87. Stratus层云is a low, even layer of dark grey cloud, with light and dark patches小块. 层云在低处，甚至暗灰云层的表层，带有光和暗的小块云朵。88. Altostratus 高层云belong to medium clouds. 高层云属于中间云朵。89. Cirrocumulus sirukju:mjuls belongs to High clouds. 卷积云属于高云。90. A distress alert遇险警报. indicates that there is serious and immediate .立即的, 即刻的; 紧迫的2.目前的, 当前的3.直接的4.最接近danger for vessel, crew and passengers.遇险警报显示船只，船员和乘客有严重和紧急的危险。91. An urgency message紧急通报紧急电文indicates that there is serious danger for vessel, crew and passengers. 紧急通报显示船只，船员和乘客有严重危险。92. A safety message安全情报indicates that there is imminent risk紧迫的风险for navigation. 安全情报是指航行存在有紧迫的风险。93. In Sea Area 海域A1 within radiotelephone-coverage无线电话覆盖范围of at least one VHF very high frequency(无线电的)甚高频-coast station, continuous alerting连续的, 没有中断的2.延伸的；遍布的 3.反复的；频繁的channel 70 and radiotelephone service are available.在海域A1, 无线电话覆盖范围至少在甚高频海岸电台，可作连续的警报在频道70和提供无线电话服务。94. In Sea Area A2 within radiotelephone-coverage of at least one MF mcditlm frequency中频-coast station海岸电台, continuous alerting 2187.5 kHz and radiotelephone services are available.在海域A2, 无线电话覆盖至少中频-海岸电台可作持续警报2187.5赫兹，及提供无线电话服务。95. In Sea Area A3 within coverage of an Inmarsat geostationary与地球的相对位置不变的satellite International Maritime Satellite 国际海事卫星, continuous alerting is available. 在海域A3, 由国际海事卫星覆盖，与地球相对位置不变的卫星，可持续报警。96. The terrestrial system地面系统of GMDSS全球海上遇险安全系统consists of radio-telephony, DSC Defense and Space Center 国防与航天中心, Direct Printing Telegraphy, Navtex航行警告电传 系统and SART Search and Rescue Radar Transponder 搜救雷达应答器.全球海上遇险安全系统的地面系统包括无线电话系统，国防与航天中心，直接打印的电报，航行警告电传系统和搜救应答器。97. The satellite systems of GMDSS comprise 包含, 包括, 由组成2.组成, 构成InmarsatInternational Maritime Satellite 国际海事卫星, COSPAS科斯帕斯前苏联事故搜索卫星/SARSAT search and rescue satellite 搜索与救援卫星, EPIRBsEmergency Position Indicator Radio Beacon 紧急位置指示器，无线电信标 and Status Recording-system监控录像系统现状.监控录像系统现状.全球海上遇险安全系统包括国际海事卫星，苏联事故搜索卫星/搜索与救援卫星，无线电信标和现状录像系统。98. Which of the following statements is true about VHF? 下列哪些是对于甚高频真实的陈述？A. The VHF is used to bridge short distances. 甚高频是用于连接短距离。99. A safety message is announced宣告 by SECURITE-SECURITE-SECURITE-ALL STATIONS / VESSELS-ALL STATIONS / VESSELS-ALL STATION/VESSELS; THIS IS MVCALL SIGN(3X) .安全情报是以宣告：“Securite securite securite-所有电台/船只-所电台/船只-所有电台/船只，这里是MV呼叫信号.(3次)100.The word over will indicate tht the transmitting party wishes to change from speaking to listening. 单词over是意味着传话方想要从说话转为听对方说话。101. The word out indicates that the message transmission is ending. 单词out是指信息传送终止。102. Which of the following cases is the situation when most panic恐慌 occurs?下列哪些情况是最恐慌时发生的？C. Abandoning ship 弃船103. What should be done in all emergencies? Please choose TWO answers from the following. 遇到各种紧急状态时应该如何做？请选下列两个答案A. To alert all members on board 警报通知所有船上成员 C. To ensure duties to be performed确保已履行职责104. Which of the following actions should you do when you hear a fire alarm?当你听到火警声时你应做出下列哪些措施？B. To get the assigned equipment指定的设施for use. 取指定的设施来使用。105. What should you do when you hear the emergency alarm? 当你听到紧急警报声时你应做出下列哪些措施？A. To proceed朝特定方向(前进) to the muster station 走向召集站106. When you are on deck and see a man fall overboard越过船边坠入水中, 在船外, what should you do? 当你正在甲板上，你看见一个男子坠海，你该怎么做？A. To shout “Man overboard” and throw a lifebuoy to the man in water.大喊“有人坠海了。”并掷一个救生圈给水中的男子107. What should you do in case of steering failure? 假如掌舵失灵，你该如何做？ A. Inform Master and engine room轮机舱, sound emergency alarm, and exhibit appropriate signals. 通知船长和轮机舱，拉响紧急警报，并发出适当信号。108. Choose the correct procedure in case of electrical power. 万一失去电力，选择下列正确的步骤，A. switch on NUC Naval Undersea Center 国家海下中心lights inform ships in vicinity附近, 邻近by VHF change over to hand steering switch off equipment switch on communication systems.打开海下中心灯-用甚高频通知附近的船只-改为手动掌舵-关闭设施-打开通话系统。109. Which of the following is the correct procedural actions when you receive a distress or urgency message as a watch keeping officer? 当你作为一名值班工作人员, 收到危险和紧急信号, 下列哪种是正确的步骤措施?C. Inform Master- Plot the position- ascertain the actions needed maintain radio watch 通知船长 精确描绘位置 查明需要的措施 保持无线电监测110. When you find a suspiciously manoeuvred策划 vessel in vicinity附近,邻近,接近,密切, what should you do? 当你发现附近有可疑船只时, 你该怎么办?B. Inform Master and put on all deck lights. 通知舰长及打开甲板上所有的灯.111. The purpose of Musters and Drills is to be well prepared for dangerous situations. 集合站及演习的目的是面对危险情况时作良好准备.112. The muster arrangements should change every time a drill is carried out. 集合站的安排应该在每次实施演习时作更改.113. An abandon ship drill and a fire drill must be held within 24 hours of leaving port if more than 25% of the crew have not taken part in drills on board the ship in the previous month. 在前一个月当中, 有超过25%的船员没有参加过船上演习的话, 在船只离开港口前24小时内必须要做一次弃船演习和一次防火演习.114. Engine room personnel 机舱人员should start the fire pumps消防泵in machinery spaces and see that full pressure is put on fire mains fire water mains 消防主水管. 机舱人员应在机械仓打开消防泵, 应看到消防主水管上的全压已经打开. 115. All the officers and engineers should know how to start and operate the emergency pump.所有工作人员和工程师都必须知道如何开启和操作紧急泵.116. Fire drills should be carried out at different locations in different conditions and with different types of fire. 必须执行防火演习, 要在不同地点, 演习不同的情况, 以不同类型的火来演习.117. A vessel can be regarded as a vessel restricted in her abi