初三被动语态专项复习.doc

_被动语态专项复习一、1.含义：语态是动词的一种形式，用来说明句中主语和谓语动词的关系。如果主语是动词的执行者，则使用_语态，如果主语是动作的承受者，则使用_语态。2.主动语态变被动语态主动语态：The boy broke the window yesterday. 动作执行者 动词主动形式 动作承受者被动语态：The window was broken by the boy yesterday. 动作承受者 动词被动形式 动作执行者3.构成：(1)肯定句：主语+be +过去分词（+by）英语被许多人说。English _ _ _ many people.(2)否定句：主语+be not+过去分词（+by）这条路不经常被使用。This road _ _ very often.(3)一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词（+by）？那座桥是被建在长江上吗？_ that bridge _ over the Changjiang River?(4)特殊疑问句：疑问词+ be+主语+过去分词（+by）？电话是什么时候被发明的？_ _ the telephone _？4.注意人称，时态和数的变化。时态主动语态被动语态结构一般现在时give/gives一般过去时gave一般将来时shall/will give被动语态（二）二、被动语态的特殊情况. 动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副词: (well/badly/easily), 当他们与相应的副词连用的时候用主动表被动。此类动词有：write, sell, clean, wash等词做不及物动词时，如：The book sells well.(1)这种食物尝起来好卖的也好. This food tastes _ and _ well.(2)这支笔写的很糟/流畅. This pen _ badly/smoothly.(3)这家商店八点营业. The shop _ at 8a.m. want/need+ doing 相当于want/need+ to be done你的衣服需要洗。 Your clothes need _. = Your clothes need _ _ _. 在be worth doing中，doing表被动意义This book is worth _. (read)This stamp is worth _. (collect)2. see, hear, make等动词后作宾补的不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。The boss made him work all day. He _ _ _ _ all day (by the boss).I often hear her sing this song. She _ often _ _ _this song (by me).3. 动词短语变为被动语态时，不能丢掉动词后的介词或副词。She takes care of the baby every day. The baby _ _ _ _by her every day.People should speak to the old politely. The old _ _ _ _ politely by people.( )This dictionary mustnt _the library.A. take away B. be taken away C. be taken away from4. 用于词组的被动语态常用于表示据说或相信，如：It is said that. (据说.) It is reported that (据报道.)It is well-known that(众所周知)5.含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时(1) He told us a story. _ were _ a story by _.(2)用介词to或for引导He told us a story. _ _ _ told _ us by him.Her mother gave her a new pen. A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother. 注意：填介词(to/for)explain/bring/give/lend/offer/pass/sell/send/show/take/teach/tell/write/return/serve sth _ sb.design/build/buy/cook/do/draw/make/order/choose/find/get/prepare sth _ sb.6.不用于被动语态的情况：(1)不及物动词无被动语态如：appear, die, end, fail, happen, sit, stand, come true, fall asleep, take place等。( ) Great changes _ in the last three years. A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. have happened昨天这个城镇发生了一场事故. An accident _ in this town yesterday.(2)系动词无被动语态如：It sounds good. 另:be, become, feel, get, grow, keep, look, seem, smell, stay, turn等。被动语态专项习题练习：1、 用括号中动词被动结构的适当形式填空。1.English_widely_ (use) in the world .2.She_ (fall) ill last night ,and she_ (take) to the hospital at once .3.The Great Wall_(know) all over the world .4.Three children_(take) good care of by the nurse .5.Some new houses_(build) by the villagers themselves .6.What language_(speak) in Japan ?7.The black bike_(buy) in that shop three days ago .8.The big tree_(blow) down in the storm last night .9. Computer science _(teach) now almost in all universities and institutes. 10. The first railway in the world _ (design) in the last century. 11.The window _ (not break) by the boy just now.12. Visitors _（ask）not to touch the exhibits(展览品) .13. A beautiful horse _ (draw) by John yesterday.14. The pictures _ (take) by Jack tomorrow.15. School football game _ (hold) last Friday evening.16. A number of the trees _ (plant) around Dalian every year.17. This book _ (write) for Chinese children at that time.18. He _ (invite) to the party by his friends last Monday.19. The sport meeting _ (hold) next Friday.二、单选( )1._ a new library _ in our school last year? A. Is; built B.Was; built C .Does; buildD. Were,built( )2.An accident _ on this road last week. A. was happened B. is happened C. happened D. was happening( )3.Cotton _ in the southeast of China. A.is grownB.are grownC.growsD.grow( )4.A talk on Chinese history _ in the school hall next week.A.is givenB.has been given C.will be given D. will given( )5. Thousands of tourists come to Edinburgh to see new films and plays and hear music _ by famous musicians. A.to play B.played C.playing D.was played ( )6.The word “OK”, which is the most popular and common expression in the world, _ first in late March, 1893.-_! It has a history of 175 years. A. used, Amazing B.was used, Amazing C.was used, Amazed D.uses,Amazing( )7.Your shoes _. You need a new pair. A.wear outB.worn outC.are worn out D. wears out ( )8.It is reported that more teaching buildings _ in our school next term. A. will be builtB. will buildC. was built D. built( )9.Mary _ show me her new dictionary just now. A.has asked to B.was asked toC.is askedD.asked ( )10.The monkey was seen _ off the tree. A.jumpB. jumpedC.to jump D. jumping( )11. He_some pieces of advice, but he_to them. A. gave, didnt listen B. was given, wasnt listened C. was given, didnt listen D.gives, doesnt listen ( )12. A strange thing _ in our school yesterday. A. was happenedB. has been happenedC. happenedD. happens ( ) 13. Jim wasnt at school because he _ to stay at home.A. is toldB. toldC. was told D. will be told ( )14. The teacher told his students that they _ to be useful men to the country. A. were all expected B. were all expecting C. all were expected D. expected ( )15._ that Susan cant go to the party because she _.A. Its said , didnt invite B. Its said , wasnt invited C. I was told , wasnt invited D. Its said, doesnt invite.( )16. What happened to Billy? He _ because of his drink-driving.A. has caughtB. is caughtC. was cau