英语教学法术语.doc

The Terms of English Language Teaching Methodology英语教学法术语Aachievement test 成绩测试acquisition 习得，语言习得acquisition 语言习得顺序active mastery 积极掌握active vocabulary积极词汇，主动词汇affective filtering 情感筛选aim,objective 目的，目标analysis of errors 错误分析analytic approach 分析教学法，分析法analytical reading 分析性阅读application to practice 运用于实践applied linguistics 应用语言学approach 教学路子aptitude test 能力倾向测验Army method 陆军法associative learning 联想性学习auditory discrimination 辨音能力auditory feedback 听觉反馈auditory memory 听觉记忆auditory perception 听觉audio-lingual method 听说法audio-visual method 视听法aural-oral approach 听说教学法，听说法aural-oral method 听说法Bbasic knowledge 基本知识basic principle 基本原则basic theory 基本理论basic training 基本训练basic vocabulary 基本词汇behaviourism 行为主义bilingual 双语的bilingual education 双语教育blank filling 填空Cchain drill 链式操练，连锁操练choral repetition 齐声照读，齐声仿读class management 课常管理classroom interaction 课常应对cloze 完形填空coach 辅导cognitive approach 认知法common core 语言的共同核心，语言共核communicative drill 交际性操练communicative exercise 交际练习communicative langunge teaching 交际派语言教学法，交际教学法community language learning集体语言学习法comparative method 比较法communicative approach 交际法comprehensible input不难理解的输入comprehensive method 综合法computer-managed instruction计算机管理教学concord and coordination 默契与配合console 控制台consonant cluster 辅音连缀context 上下文controlled composition 控制性作文course density 课堂密度course design 课程设计cramming method 灌输式cue word 提示词curriculum 课程，教学大纲curriculum development课程编制课程设计cultrual objective,aim 教养目的cclical approach 循环教学法，循环法Ddeductive learning 演绎性学习deductive method 演绎法delayed auditory feedback 延缓听觉反馈demonstration 演示demonstration lesson 示范教学describe a picture in writing 看图说话describe a picture orally 描写语言学diagram 图解diagnostic test 诊断性测验dicto-comp 听写作文direct application 直接应用direct comprehension 直接理解direct learning 直接学习direct method 直接教学法Eeducational objective, aim 教育目的EFL 英语作为外语EGP 通用英语ELT 英语教学English as a Foreign Language英语作为外语English as an International Language 英语作为国际语言English environment 英语环境English for Academic Purposes学术英语English for general prupose普通英语English for General Purposes 通用英语English for specific purposes 专用英语ESOL English for Speakers of Other Languages 供非英语民族使用的英语English medium school 英语授课学校English teaching;teaching English 英语教学WSD（English as a Second Dialect） 英语作为第二方言WSL（English as a Second Language） 英语作为第二语言ESL Programme（English as a Second Language Programme）英语（第二语言）教程ESP（English for Special Purposes） 专用英语EST（English for Science and Technology） 科技英语evaluation 评语，评价examination 考试examination question 考题experimental method 实验法extensive reading 泛读external speech 外语言语extra-curiculum activity课外活动extra-curriculum club,group 课外小组Ffacial expression 面部表情feedbace 反馈film projector 电影放映机filmstrip 电影胶片final stage 高级阶段first language 第一语言，母语formative evaluation 自由作文free practice 自由练习frequency of word 词的频率al approach 功能法al syllabus 功能派教学大纲word 功能词Ggeneral linguistics 普通语言学gestalt style 格式塔式（学习）整体式（学习）gesture 手势getting students ready for class 组织教学global learning 整体式学习，global question 综合性问题gradation 级进法，分级递升法graded direct method 循序直接法grading 级进法，分级递升法；评分grammar lesson 语法课grammar method 语法法grammar translation method语法翻译法grammatical analysis 语法分析group reading 集体朗读group training 集体练习guided composition 引导性作文Hheuristic method of teaching启发教学法heurstics 启发法；探索法humanistic approach 人本主义教学法Iidealism 唯心主义imitatiom 模仿immersion programme 沉浸式教学imparting knowledge 传授知识incomplete plosive 不完全爆破independent composition 独立作文individualized instruction 个别教学individual training 个别练习inductive learning 归纳性学习inductive method 归纳法inflection,inflexion 词形变化information,processing 信息处理initial beginning stage 初级阶段inner speech 内语言语in-service training 在职培训instructional objective 语言教学目标integrative teaching 综合教学integrated approach 综合教学法，综合法intelligent memory 理解性记忆language training 强化教学intensive training 精读intermediate stage 中级阶段interpretation 头口翻译International Phonetic Alphabet 国际音标Jjuncture 连读，音渡junior high school 初级中学junior school 初级学校junior sceondary school 初级中等学校junior-senior high school 初高中junior technical college(or school) 初级职业学院（或学校）junior year 大学三年级Kkey words 基本词，关键字kinesics 身势语，身势学kinesthetic memory 动觉记忆knowledge 知识knowledge structure 知识结构Llanguage acquisition 语言习得language acquisition device 语言习得机制language arts 语言技能language competence,or knowledge 语言知识language learning capability语言学习能力language laboratory;lab 语言实验室language leaning capacity语言学习能力language pedagogy 语言教育language performance 语言行为language program design语言课程设计language test 语言测试learning by deduction 演绎性学习learning by induction 归纳性学习learning process 学习过程learning style 学习方式lesson conducting 教课lesson plan 课时计划，教案lesson preparation 备课lesson type 课型linguistics 语言学linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic method 口语领先教学法living language 活的语言long-term memory 长期记忆look-and-say method 看图说话法Mmeaningful drill 有意义的操练neabubgful exercise 有意义的练习meaningful learning 理解性学习means of teaching 教学手段mechanical drill 机械操练mechanical exercise 机械练习mechanical memory 机械记忆mechanical translation 机器翻译medium of instruction 教学媒介语，教学语言memory 记忆，记忆力memory span 记忆幅度memorizing 用记记住method 方法methodology of teaching 教学法methodology of teaching English 英语教学法microteaching 微型教学mim-mem method 模仿记忆法minimal pair 最小对立体（一种辨音练习）model 模型modeling 示范教学modern equipment 现代化设备modern language 现代语言monitor hypothesis 语言监控说mother tongue 母语motivation 引起动机Nnative language 本族语natural appoach 自然教学法，自然法natural method 自然法needs analysis 需要分析new lesson 新课nine-pile grading 九堆法notional approach 意念法notional-al syllabus 意念-功能派教学大纲notional syllabus 意念大纲、意念派教学大纲Oobservation lesson 观摩教学objective 教学目标optimum age hypothesis 学习最佳年龄说operating principle 操作原则oral approach 口语教学法，口语法oral exercise 口语练习oral method 口授法oral reading 朗读order of acquisition 语言习得顺序organization of teaching materials教材组织organs of speech 发音器官outside reading 课外阅读overlearing 过量学习Ppaired-associate learning配对联想学习法pair work 双人作业，双人练习passive vocabulary 消极词汇pattern drill 句型操练pattern practice 句型练习pdeagogical grammar 教学语法pedagogy 教育法peer teaching 同学互教penmanship handwriting 书法perception 知觉performance objective 语言实践目标personality 个性philosophy 哲学phoneme 音素phonetics 语音法phonetic method 按字母音值拼读法phonology 音位学picture 图画phasement test 分班测验plateau of learning 学习高原practical objective 实用目的practice effect 练习效应practice of teaching 教学实践presentation of new materials 提出新材料pre-teaching 预教primary of speech 口语领先principle of communication 交际性原则principle of teaching 教学原则problem solving 习题解答production stage活用阶段，产出阶段productive exercise 活用练习productive mastery 活用掌握productive vocabulary 活用词汇proficiency 熟练program desing 课程设计psycho-linguistics 心理语言学psychological method 心理法Qqualified teacher 合格教师question band 试题库questionnaire 调查问卷questions 提问Rrapid reading 快速阅读，快读rate of reading 阅读速度readability 易读性read by turns 轮读reading 阅读reading lesson 阅读课reading method 阅读法reading speed 阅读速度reading vocabulary 阅读词汇，阅读词汇量receptive language knowledge 接受性语言知识receptive vocabulary 领会词汇reformed method 改良法regression 回看，重读reinforcement 巩固reinforcement lesson 巩固课repetition drill 复述操练repetition-stage 仿照阶段response 反应retelling 复述retention 记忆teview;tevision 复习review（revise）and check up 复习检查review（revision）lesson 复习课rewriting 改写rhythm 节奏role-play 扮演角色rote learning 强记学习法，死记硬背Sscanning 查阅，扫瞄school practice 教学实习scientific way of thinking 科学的思想方法second language 第二语言segment 音段，切分成分semantics 语义学seminar 课堂讨论sentence completion 完成句子short-term memory 短期记忆sight vocabulary 一见即懂的词汇silent reading 默读silent way 沉默法，静授法simplification 简写simplified reader 简写读本simulation 模拟，模拟性课堂活动simultaneous interpretation同声翻译situational method 情景法situational language teaching情景派语言教学法，情景教学法situational method 情景教学法situational syllabus 情景派教学大纲situation reinforcement情景强化法skimming 略读，济览slide 幻灯片slide projector 幻灯片socialized speech 社会化言语socio-linguistics 社会语言学soft ware 软件speech disorder 言语缺陷speech pathology 言语病理学speech perception 言语知觉speech reading 唇读法speed reading 快速阅读，快读speelling 正字法spiral approach螺旋式教学法，螺旋法spoken lauguang 口语stage of teaching 教学阶段stick drawing;mathch drawing 简笔画stimulus and response 刺激与反应stress accent 重音，重读structuralism 结构主义（语言学）structural method 结构法student-centered 学生中心student-centered learning学生为主学习法student teacher 实习教师student teaching 教育实习submersion programme 沉浸式教程substitution 替换substitution table 替换表subvocal reading 默读suggestopaedia 暗示教学法syllabus 教学大纲syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus for middle school English 中学英语教学大纲synthetic approach 综合性教学法，综合法synthetical reading 综合性阅读Ttarget language 目的语，译文语言teachers book 教师用书teachers manual 教师手册teaching experience 教学经验teaching objective,aim 教学目的teaching procedure 教学过程teaching tools;property 教具teaching words in isolation孤立教单词theory of teaching 教学理论TEFL 英语（外语）教学TESL 英语（第二语言）教学TESOL 对非英语民族教英语time allotment 时间分配total physical response method 整体动作反应法transformation drill 转换操练translation method 翻译法transformational generative grammar 转化生成语法Uunconscious 潜意识underclassman 低年级学生undergraduate 大学本科生undergraduate course 大学本科课程undergraduate school 大学本科学院undergraduate special 大学特殊课程unified studied 统一课程university high school 大学附属中学university of the air 广播电视大学updating courses/training 现代化课程/训练upgrading courses/training 进修课程/训练upperclassman 高年级学生use and usage 使用和用法utterance 语段Vverbal association 词语联想verbal learning 语言学习，单词学习video 电视，影象videotape 录象磁带visual perception 视觉visual aid 直观手段visit a class 听课visual memory 视觉记忆vocabulary control 词汇控制Wword association 词际联想word list 词表word study 词的研究word frequency 词汇重复率written language 书面语The Teaching of Vocabulary词汇教学acquire 习得（语言）adjective 形容词adverb 副词affixation 加词缀（法）antonym 反义词brainstorming （为发挥成员积极性以解决难题而举行的）集体自由讨论chorus repetition 齐声朗读collocation 搭配conjunction 连词connotation 内涵意义connotative meaning 内涵意义context 上下文contextual meaning 上下文意义crossworddefinition 定义denotation 指示意义denotative meaning 指示意义interjection 感叹词intermediate level 中级水平morpheme 词素mother tongue acquisition 母语习得noun 名词part of speech 词类polysemy 多义现象；多义性prefix 前缀preposition 介词pronoun 代词root 词根speech sound 言语语音suffix 后缀synonym 同义词verb 动词vocabulary expansion 单词扩充word formation 构词，构词法 Teaching of Grammar语法教学comprehensible input : 有意义输入cue : 提示词chain drill : 链式操练deductive method : 演绎法function : 功能inductive method: 归纳法morpheme : 词素multi- slot substitution : 多成分替换morphology : 词法syntax : 句法the Grammar Translation Method : 语法翻译法transformation drill : 转换练习single-slot substitution : 单一成分替换 The Teaching of Listening听力教学 backgroud knowledge 背景知识bottom-up processing 自下而上认识法communicative competence交际能力decode解码encode编码information input/output信息输入/输出interactional purpose 互动目的lead-in导入linguistic competence语言能力phatic寒暄top-down processing自上而下认识法transactional purpose 信息传递目的Bottom-up processing: It refers to an understanding of an aural message with a successive procedure, i.e. from the bottom-sound, then up to words, phrases, sentences, paragraphs, and finally to the whole discourse. It is a process of language decoding from the smaller units to bigger units of meaning.Top-down processing: It refers to an understanding of a listening material by using ones background knowledge. It starts from the top-making an expectation, and then down to the actual utterance to confirm it. Usually, top-down processing, together with bottom-up processing, functions at the same time when a listener is trying to understand a message.Interactional: Interactional uses of language are those in which the primary purposes for communication are social. The emphasis is on creating harmonious interactions between participants rather than on communicating information. The goal for the participants is to make social interaction comfortable and non-threatening.Transactional: Transactional uses of language are those in which language is being used primarily for communicating information. In comparison with the vagueness of interactional language, transactional language requires accuracy, coherence, explicitness, directness, and confirmation that the message has been understood.Phatic response: Phatic response is a kind of response in speech, esp. in conversation. It is used to establish social contact and to express social rather than specific meaning.Teaching of Speaking口语教学Conversion drill 转换练习Decode 解码Demonstration：示范Encode 编码Information gap 信息沟Inhibition 约束，抑制Interaction 交互作用，互动Mechanical drills 机械操练Motivation 动力Nonverbal 非言语的Pantomime 哑剧，用手势表达Participation 参与Receptive 接受性的Scenario 剧本Stimulate 激发Stimulus 刺激，促进因素Substitution drills 替换练习Target language 目标语，指要学习的语言Unpredictability 不可预见性 Teaching of Reading阅读教学#A1 code 语码a system of words, letters, numbers, etc.#A1 decode 解码to discover the meaning of a code#A1 encoding 编码putting into a code#A1 decoding 解码discovering the meaning of a code#A1 Skimming 掠读Skimming means reading quickly to get the gist, i.e. the main idea of the text.It is the method in which the reader reads only the first sentence of each paragraph of a whole passage and then recalls everything and identifies the most important points. After that he/she sets a goal for the assignment and plans how to do intensive reading of the entire document at a slower pace.#A1 Scanning 略读Scanning means to read and locate specific information such as figures, schedules, tables, news heading, etc. The key point in scanning is that students have something in their mind and they should ignore the irrelevant parts when reading.#A2 Top-down approach 自上而下模式It is a model of teaching reading in which the teacher teaches the background knowledge first so that students equipped with such knowledge will be able to guess meaning from the printed page.#A2 Bottom-up approach 自下而上模式It is a reading model that follows a linear process from the recognition of letters, to words, to phrases, to sentences, to paragraphs, and then to the meaning of the whole text.#A1 Distinguishing 辩识finding the main idea from supporting details#A1 Predicting 预测guessing what is coming next#A2 SQ3R Strategy SQ3R阅读策略SQ3R is a five-step procedure made up of Surveying, Questioning, Reading, Reciting, and Reviewing, which can be used for reading a variety of reading materials, including textbooks and journal articles, as long as the structure or organization of the material is not too complex.The first step is to survey the material for content and organization to create a mental map of the text and selective reading;The second step is to predict questions that may be answered by the material on the basis of the survey to serve as an individualized knowledge framework or template of the passage to which details may be added later;The third step is to read the assignment one section at a time for content, search for relationships among the main ideas and their supporting details, look for information that answers the predicted questions, and take note of unexpected ideas;The fourth step is to recite to actively make mental connections among main ideas and details;Finally, review the entire chapter or article to see how the information fits together.#A2 PQ4R Strategy PQ4R阅读策略PQ4R Strategy is a six-step process that involves previewing, questioning, reading, reflecting, reciting, and reviewing.The first stage is to preview the material for content and organization to create a mental map of the text and selective reading;The second step is to predict questions that may be answered by the material;The third stage is to carefully read the complete text, unlike SQ3R to read section by section, recording notes in the margin or underlining important information that answers the predicted questions. In this stage, reflection phase, information from the entire chapter or article is linked together. The reader should attempt to develop insight into the topic and make associations among the important material noted while reading.The fourth stage, recitation, involves summarizing the main points and supporting details