经贸知识英语学习指导.doc

经贸知识英语学习指导第1章 Lesson 1 International Trade(1)本章简介本课讲述国际贸易产生、存在的两个原因和国际经济专门化的两个理论，尤其介绍了比较利益理论。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) the definition of international trade 2) two reasons for international trade A. the uneven distribution of natural resources among countries B. international specialization 3) two theories for international specialization A. the theory of absolute advantage B. the theory of comparative advantage a. the contents of the theory b. not a static concept c. the cornerstone of modern thinking on international trade d. David Ricardo, the economist who introduced the theory 2生词与短语： define, distribution, natural resources, abundant, scarce,incentive, constitute, exploit, remainder, hold, in terms of ,illustrate, table, assume, efficient, occur, static, intuitive,endowment, appeal 3经贸术语： services, primary commodities, specialization, absolute advantage, comparative advantage, capital, land and labor第2章 Lesson 2 International Trade(2)本章简介本课讲述国际贸易存在的另外三个原因以及关税壁垒和非关税壁垒等贸易限制措施。 考核要点 1经贸知识 1) other bases for trade among countries A. patterns of demand B. economy of scale C. innovation style 2) the reasons why complete specialization may never occur 3) tariff barriers-the most common form of trade restriction 4) quotas-the most common form of non-tariff barriers 2.生词与短语 strategic,bulky,perishable,barrier,levy,coincide,refund,signatory,concession,impose,protectionist,unilateral,label,forthcoming 3.经贸术语 tariff, quota, customs area,customs union,import duties,export duties, ad valorem, specific,compound duties,drawback,most-favored-nation (MFN ), tariff schedule, non-tariff barrier,visible trade, invisible trade第3章 Lesson 3 International Payment本章简介本课介绍了国际贸易支付的复杂性，以及支付工具汇票的必要知识和跟单托收的必要知识。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) the complexity of payment in international trade A. risks faced by the exporter and the importer B. political factors, commercial factors, geographical factors,etc. 2) two methods of payment used under certain conditions A. cash in advance or partial cash in advance B. open account 3) the draft (bill of exchange) A. definition B. sight draft and usance draft (tenor draft or term draft ) C. clean draft and documentary draft 4) documentary collection A. documents against payment (D/P) a. D/P at sight b. D/P after sight B. documents against acceptance (D/A) 2.生词与短语 domestic, status, remittance, default, ban, luctuation, hesitant, dubious, sound,with discretion, invoice 3.经贸术语 debtor, debit, credit worthiness, periodic payments, draft(bill of exchange),drawer, drawee, payee, usance draft(tenor draft, term draft),documentary draft, clean draft, documentary collection, documents against payment (D/P), documents against acceptance (D/A)第4章 Lesson 4 The Letter of Credit(1) 本章简介本课介绍了信用证的特点、主要内容以及信用证有关当事人。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) the definition of the letter of credit 2) the unique and characteristic feature of the letter of credit 3) the relevant parties of the letter of credit and their roles in its process of operation: A. the applicant B. the opening bank C. the advising bank D. the beneficiary E. the negotiating bank F. the confirming bank 4) the major contents of the letter of credit 5) the documents being the only concern of the banks in credit operation 2生词与短语： release, gain control over, impeccable, bilateral, unique, undertaking, stipulation, discrepancy, nominate, submit, expire,seal, underlying, obligation, ultimately, security, insufficient 3.经贸术语： applicant,opening bank,beneficiary,correspondent bank,advising bank,amendment,confirming bank,reimburse,unit price,partial shipment,transshipment,the uniform customs and practice for documentary credits,in favor of,the carrying vessel第5章 Lesson 5 The Letter of Credit(2)本章简介 本课介绍了信用证的主要种类及信用证的局限。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) major types of credits and their functions, forms and mechanism A. clean credit and documentary credit B. revocable credit and irrevocable credit C. confirmed credit and unconfirmed credit D. sight credit and usance credit E. transferable credit and non-transferable credit F. non-draft credit G. revolving credit 2) the limitations of the letter of credit A. inability to provide absolute security B. being more expensive than other forms of payment 2生词与短语； category, fall under, mechanism,certainty,alter,commitment,cancel,consult with, revoke, consent, extensively, double assurance, involve,impeccable, middleman, renew, reinstate,sustain, bankrupt 3经贸术语： clean credit, non-trade settlement, revocable credit, irrevocable credit,maturity, confirmed credit, leading bank,sight credit,usance credit, capital turnover,face value,transferable credit,nontransferable credit, non-draft credit, discount,deferred pay-ment,involving credit, insolvent 第6章 Lesson 6 The Business Contract 本章简介本课讲述了合同的磋商过程、种类以及格式和内容。 考核要点： 1.经贸知识 1) the definition of the contract 2) two types of business negotiations: oral and written 3) the process of negotiation and the conclusion of the contract A. inquiry B. quotation C. offer and acceptance D. counter-offer 4) the necessity of the written contract 5) the types of contracts A. sales contract B. purchase contract C. sales (or purchase) confirmation 6) the setting up of a contract A. the 学习指导 B. the contract proper a. the name and address of the buyer and the seller b. the details of the commodity transacted c. the terms and conditions mutually agreed d. indication of the number of original copies,language(s) used, and the validity C. the signatures of the contracting parties D. the stipulations on the back of the contract 2生词与短语： set forth, binding, enforceable, sue, trade fairs, trunk call,voluntarily,indispensable, invalid, setting up, unbinding, hereby,hereunder, yard, overleaf, cotton yarns, cotton piece goods,bleached 3经贸术语： inquiry, quotation, validity period, offer, counter offer,offeree, sales (purchase) contract, sales (purchase) confirmation, consignment, contracting parties,force majeure, arbitration, business line, contract proper, article number 第7章 Lesson 7 Major Documents Required in World Trade 本章简介本课介绍了出具正确单据的重要性和单据的主要种类。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) the importance of correct documentation 2) major types of documents: A. commercial invoice a. maJor contents b. points to be noted B. packing list a. major contents b. documents with similar function:specification list; weight list (weight note; weight memo ) C. the bill of lading a. 3 major functions b. major contents c. clean on board bill of lading d. airway bill and cargo receipt D. insurance policy and insurance certificate a. major contents b.the difference between the two E. various certificates 2生词与短语： delay, discrepancy, conformity, description, seal, currency,function,comply with, signature, in general terms, exceed, memos, devoid of, liability, settle 3经贸术语： documents, take delivery of , commission, discount, shipping marks, bill of lading,carrier, shipper, consignor, carriage,consignee, notify party, payable, airway bill,insurance policy, cargo receipt, commercial invoice, legal holder, insurance certificate,customs invoice, consular invoice, consular visa, shipping advice, certificate of quality,certificate of weight, certificate of quantity,certificate of health,certificate of disinfection,certificate of origin,veterinary certificate 第8章 Lesson 8 Incoterms 本章简介本课讲叙了国际贸易术语对国际贸易的必要性，以及国际贸易术语的分组和三种最常用的贸易术语。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) the necessity and purpose of having lncoterms 2) the reasons for the 1990 revision of Incoterms: A. changes in transportation techniques B. increasing use of electronic data interchange 3) the four groups of Incoterms A. Group E (EXW) B. Group F C. Group C D. Group D 4) the three most commonly used terms A. FOB (free on board) B. CFR (cost and freight) C. CIF (cost, insurance, freight) 2生词与短语： climate, degenerate, draw up, respective, subsequent, intertation,entail, addition, revise, unitisation, maritime, consolidate, render, vital, whereby, mises, disposal, departure,quay, litigation, destination, short-sea 3经贸术语： deal, trade terms, trading practices, negotiable, EDI, customs clearance, dispatch, lnternational Chamber of Commerce(ICC), roll on-roll off, Incoterms, negotiable transport document,FOB, CFR, CIF, EXW, FCA, FAS, CPT, CIP, DAF, DES,DEQ, DDU, DDP 第9章 Lesson 9 Transportation本章简介本课介绍运输的定义、作用，重要运输方式以及促使运输变革的因素。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) definition of transportation and freight transportation 2) the five major modes of transportation 3) three types of carrier ownership A. common carriers B. contract carriers C. private carriers 4) importance, role, and contribution of transportation 5) the four factors that are substantially changing transportation A. transportation deregulation B. just-in-time inventory systems C. competition based on high levels of customer service D. globalization of business 2生词与短语： fundamental, efficiency, primitive, in a broad sense, grocery,distinct,urgency, administer, perform, discrimination, perunit,peculiarities, entreneur,limelight, logistics, location, tendency, stringent, introduction, community, intercourse,offset, eliminate, dynamic, shackle, thrust, mature, impact, potential,selfsufficient, globalization 3经贸术语： documentation, finished products, deregulation, productivity,cost economies, intermediate products, natural product province,inventory 第10章 Lesson 10 Insurance(1)本章简介本课讲授可知的保费与不可知的风险的概念，企业可从共同基金中获得的好处以及外贸保险的必要性和作用。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) definition of insurance 2) the idea of a known mium and the uncertainty of risk 3) the common pool and the advantages enterprises can gain from it 4) insurance for overseas trade A. necessity B. function 2生词与短语： survey, transfer, enterprise, uncertainty, redecoration, gut,hinterland,scoop, multi-modal, circumstance (s), dict, accuracy, stimulus, emergency,proportion, share, handmaiden, cover 3经贸术语： insured, insurer, claim, client, margin, draw, jeopardy, literature,underwriter, known mium, pool, cargo insurance, marine insurance第11章 Lesson 11 Insurance(2) 本章简介本课讲授保险的三个重要原则，两个辅助原则和近因原则以及海洋运输三种基本险别。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) three main principles of insurance A. insurable interest B. utmost good faith C. indemnity 2) two sub-principles of insurance A. contribution B. subrogation 3) the doctrine of proximate cause 4) three basic types of marine insurance A. free from particular average (F. P. A. ) B. with particular average (W. A. ) C. all risks 2生词与短语： conform, subsidiary, doctrine, utmost, be tempted to, crucial, platinum,unintentional, restore, Ford car, percentage,breach, negligent, diminish 3经贸术语： port of origin, voidable, indemnity, ruin, insurable interest, terms of sale, all risks, principle of utmost good faith,subrogation, contribution, proximate cause of the loss,forwarding charges, free from particuIar average, with particular average 第12章 Lesson12 Counter Trade本章简介本课讲授了对销贸易的起源与发展，当今对销贸易的三种形式，以及对销贸易的好处与缺陷。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) origin and development of counter trade 2) current counter trade A. barter B. counter purchase C. buyback D. features common to the three forms of counter trade 3) the five major advantages of counter trade A. helping to deal with foreign exchange shortage B. promoting export C. reducing uncertainty regarding export receipts D. bypassing international price agreement E. helping countries with debt problems to import goods 4) the drawbacks of counter trade 2生词与短语： allegedly, landscape, drastically, phenomenon, motivation,generic,literally, perpetuate, disarray, conceptually, reciprocal,stipulate, intertemporal,be tied to, leverage, photocopying machine, intriguing, concurrently, verify,sophisticated,bypass, expertise, tap, conceal, in essence 3经贸术语： counter trade, hyperinflation, Reichsbank, cross-border contract, foreign exchange, protectionism, financial market, clearing system, net positions, compensation trade,European Payment Union (EPU), trade credit accounts, barter, counter purchase, buyback,vertical, centrally planned economies, competitive devaluation, Volkswagen, Xerox Corporation,OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)第13章 Lesson 13 The International Stock Exchang本章简介本课讲授了国际证券交易的有关知识;证券交易的作用；国内普通股市场；金边证券市场；期权交易市场；外国股票市场。二、考核要点； 1经贸知识： l) the role of stock exchange A. capital raising market B. market place for government stocks, company securities, and other investment instruments 2) three areas of the Domestic Equity Market A. the listed market B. the unlisted securities market C. the third market 3) the gilt-edged market 4) the traded options market 5) the foreign equities market 2生词与短语： channel, indices, uphold, well-established, enforcement, rigorous, qualifications,govern, standing committee, oversee, discipline, in breach of , criteria, sophisticated,underlying, statute,practitioner, expertise, set rules 3经贸术语： investor, securities, finance, equities, raise, broker, Jobber,hedge, shortfall,stock exchange, long-term capital, secondary capital market, primary capital raising,market floor, market maker,listed market, income tax, gilt-edged stocks/securities, options,cost-effective, public sector borrowing requirement, books,value added tax (VAT), institutional investor第14章 Lesson 14 Multinational Corporations本章简介 本课讲授了跨国公司的特点、目标、作用及运行方式。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) development of multinational corporations 2) definition of multinational corporations A. parent MNC B. affiliate MNC 3) characteristics of multinational corporations A. enormous size B. wide geographical sad C. longevity and rapid growth 4) needs and goals of multinational corporations A. profit B. security a. security of profits b. security of assets and investment c. security of other organizational needs 5) power and control of multinational corporations A. power of the parent company, its regional headquarters and affiliate MNCs B. power of host governments 6) multinational corporations as important vehicles for the transfer of resources across national boundaries 2生词与短语： burgeon,uncedented,phenomenon,assembly,internationalization,affiliate,facilities,label,employ,incorporate purport, headquarters, dominance,gigantic,double digit, survival, embark (on), intervene, derivation, jurisdiction, technical improvements, wield, decentralize, vehicle, global 3经贸术语： assets, resources, local assembIy, shareholders, host countries,board of directors, inputs, multinational corporation, multinational enterprise,day-to-day running, international economic environment第15章 Lesson 15 The International Monetary Fund本章简介 本课讲授了国际货币基金组织的起源、作用及发放贷款的主要种类。 考核要点： 1经贸知识： 1) creation of the IMF 2) function of the IMF 3) credit facilities of the IMF A. extended fund facility B. compensatory and contingency financing facility C. buffer stock financing facility D. structural adjustment facility F. enhanced structural adjustment facility 2生词与短语： sector, crucial, standards of livlng, phenomenon, sphere,temporary,random, medium-term, permanent, extended, lengthen,implementation, viability,compensatory, contingency, innovation, enhance, serve, feature, excess, adjustment, momentum,parallel(to), monitor, adverse, buffer, concessional,eligible, provision, cereal, pursue 3经贸术语： reserve, fluctuation, a trade shortfall, gold tranche, primary products,international commodity agreement, Bretton Woods Convention, standby arrangement, International Monetary Fund(IMF), growth-oriented, Buffer Stock Financing Facility,Structural Adjustment Facility, Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility, Compensatory and Contingency Financing Facility, Extended Fund Facility 第16章 Less