研究方法与论文写作ppt课件.ppt

WelcometotheCourse ResearchMethodsandThesisWriting LiuLiyanMarch2011 1 Contents ThesisWriting AnOverviewofThesisWriting 2 Howmanyaspectsdoesthebodyfallinto Fiveparts orfivechapters 1 Introduction 2 Literaturereview 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Conclusion BodyPart 3 AgeneralremarkaboutMethodology TheMethodologychapterpresentsadetaileddescriptionofthewayyourproposedstudyisconducted Thedescriptionshouldbeexplicit transparentandsufficientlydetailed 清晰 明了 详实 Byreadingthischapter thereadercaneasilyvisualizeyourresearchprocessandreplicateyourstudyifhe shewhishesto 读者可以详细了解整个研究过程 也可以根据所描述的程序 重复此项研究 Itiseasytowritethispart comparedtoaliteraturereview however itisdifficulttomeettherequirementsofexplicitness transparencyandsufficiencyindetail DescribingMethodology撰写研究方法 4 DescribingMethodology Majorcomponents 主要内容 1 Introduction2 Generalandspecificresearchquestions hypotheses研究问题或研究假设3 Informationaboutsubjects研究对象4 Instruments研究工具5 Data collection数据收集程序6 Data analysis数据分析程序7 Limitations研究的局限性 5 Howtodescribethemethodologychapterindifferentdesigns Asweknow astudymayemploythedesignofasurveystudy oranexperimentalstudy oracasestudy oracombination Regardlessoftheresearchdesign theheadingsorcomponentsarethesameforthedescriptionofeachdesignbutwithdifferentcontent 但是描述每个研究设计的标题基本相同 Whatifastudyemploystwodifferenttypesofdesign Insuchacase acommonpracticeistodescribethetwodesignsseparately Thatis youmayhavetwosectionsortwochapters onesection chapteronthesurveystudyandtheotheronacasestudy DescribingMethodology 6 Let sdiscussthewritingofeachcomponent whiletakingintoaccountthedifferencesindescribingdifferenttypesofdesign 1 IntroductionparagraphThechapterbeginswithanintroductoryparagraphinwhichthespecificationofresearchdesignisfollowedbyanoveralldescriptionoftheorganizationofthissection chapter 研究方法的引言简要介绍研究设计和这一章的总体框架 Whatisthelengthofthisintroductionparagraphonresearchdesign Onlyoneortwoshortsentences Forexample DescribingMethodology 7 WritingIntroductiontoyourresearchdesign撰写研究方法中的引言 为了弄清学习策略与专业英语四级考试成绩之间的关系 本研究对来自5所大学的300名英语专业的学生进行了问卷调查 P 275 也可以这样写 本研究使用问卷调查的方式来探索使用语言学习策略与外语成绩之间的关系 Thegeneralorganizationisasortofanadvanceorganizer 先行组织 前导组织 thatpreparereadersforwhatistofollow Youmaydescribetheorganizationintermsofthefirst levelheadingswithouttheneedtoprovidedetailedcontentwithineachsubheading 写总体框架的目的是让读者了解这一章的大致情况 其描述只限于第一层次的标题 一级标题 不必提供详细内容 不必介绍到二级标题 8 Researchquestionsandhypothesis 2 General Specificresearchquestions hypothesis总的 具体的研究问题或假设Inthissection allthegeneralquestionsarepresentedtogetherwiththespecificquestions Ifyouhaveformedhypothesesinsteadofquestions then youshouldlistallthehypotheses Whatisthepurposeofwritingthissection Thissectionservestwopurposes Thefirstistogivethereaderclearinformationaboutwhatquestionsthestudyisintendedtoaddress 目的一是让读者了解要研究的问题 9 Researchquestionsandhypothesis Whatisthepurposeofwritingthissection ThesecondistoprovideaframeworkfortheResultChapter 第二是为后面 研究结果和讨论 这一章提供框架 Note1 AllthequestionsappearinginthissectionneedtobeansweredintheResultsChapter Problemswithgraduatestudents TheyoftenforgettorefertowhathasbeenwritteninthissectionwhentheywritetheResultsChapter Asaresult theResultsChapterdoesnotcoverallthequestions ortheorderofquestionspresentedisnotthesameasthatinthissection 报告研究结果与研究问题的顺序也不一致 10 Researchquestionsandhypothesis Note2 TenseandWordinginthissectionDifferentfromtheothersectionsinthisChapter Methodchapter allthequestions hypothesesarestatedinthepresenttenseratherthaninthepasttense Thewordinginquestion 研究问题中的措辞 shouldbeclearandprecise andeachquestionshouldaddressoneissue Whyarethequestions hypothesesinthissection quiteoften notthesameasweredevelopedatthebeginningofyourresearch Thereasonsarevarious First datamaybeanalyzedandreanalyzedmanytimesbeforetheyouaresatisfied 11 e g yourhypothesismaybethat thereisnorelationshipb t risk takingandL2achievement Theresultcouldnotrejectedthenullhypothesis 你的研究结果证明不能排除零假设 Thenyouchooseageasamoderatorvariable 调节变量 tomakeafurtheranalysis Accordingly youaddonemorequestioninthissection i e Istherelationshipb t risk takingandL2achievementaffectedbyage Whatisthealternativewaytotheproblem Inanothercase youmaydeleteoneortworesearchquestionsdevelopedearliersimplybecauseyourealizedtherewouldbetoo