选修六第五单元学案.docx

可克达拉市镇江中学 高二年级 英语 学科学案单元内容: B6U5 Words and expressions 时间： 2019-12 编制人 王海玲 审核人 张文娟 编号（1）一.单词及其拓展形式1. potential (n.) 潜在性；可能性；潜能 (adj.) 可能的；潜在的2. erupt (vi.) (指火山) 爆发；突然发生 eruption (n.) 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发3. equip (vt.) 装备；使有能力 equipment(n.) 设备；装备4. appoint (vt.) 任命；委派 appointment(n.) 任命；委派5. evaluate (vt.) 评估；评价；估计 evaluation(n.) 评估；评价6. absolute(adj.) 绝对的；完全的 absolutely (adv.) 绝对的；完全地7. actual (adj.) 实在的；实际的 actually (adv.) 实在地；实际地，事实上8. precious (adj.) 贵重的；珍贵的preciously (adv.) 昂贵地；仔细地9. uncomfortable (adj.) 不舒服的；不舒适的comfortable (反义词)10.unconscious (adj.) 失去知觉的；未察觉的conscious (反义词)二.短语1. share sth. with sb. 与某人分享某物 2. compared with 和比起来3. protect.from . 保护免受 4. be appointed as 被任命为5. burn to the ground 全部焚毁 6. in the distance 在远方7. make ones way 前往 8. be enthusiastic about 对充满热情9. be unconscious of未意识到 10. shoot at朝射击11.draw up停下来；起草 12. take. by surprise出乎某人的意料13.glance through匆匆看一遍 14. vary from. to. 由到不等15.be home to是的栖息地 16.be rewarded with奖赏17.give birth to生产/生育 18.have a gift for 有的天赋三. 词汇讲解Point 1. appoint vt.任命；委派；约定，安排He was appointed to the vacant post.他被委派填补那个空缺。 (1)appoint. as.任命为 appoint sb. to sth.委派某人appoint sb. to do sth.委派某人干(2)派生词：appointment n. 任命；预约；约定break an/ones appointment违约；失约have an appointment with sb. at在某时间和某人有约会keep an/ones appointment守约make/fix an appointment with sb.与某人约会Point 2. burn to the ground全部焚毁With their houses burnt to the ground，they had no place to live in.burn down把烧成平地，烧光 burn off烧掉 burn out烧光，烧完burn away逐渐烧完；烧光；烧毁 burn up烧起来，旺起来；烧尽，烧毁 burnto death烧死Point 3. unconscious adj.失去知觉的；未察觉的；无意识的He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour.他伤着了头部，一个小时没有知觉。be unconscious of sb./sth.未察觉；未意识到conscious adj.意识到的；觉察到的She may become conscious before morning.她天亮前可能恢复知觉。Point4. anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的；渴望的；热切的Helen is anxious about traveling on her own.海伦对自己一个人出门旅行感到担心。anxious后接that从句时，从句中谓语动词需用虚拟语气，即(should)动词原形形式。(1)anxiety n. 担心；焦虑；渴望(2)be anxious for/about.担心/挂念 be anxious for渴望，盼望be anxious to do渴望做 be anxious for sb. to do sth.渴望某人做某事Point 5. panic vi.& vt.惊慌n惊慌；恐慌The gunfire panicked the baby. 枪声使婴儿受到了惊吓。注意：panic后面要加k后再加ed或ing，构成过去式/过去分词或现在分词。get into a panic陷入恐慌(动作)in a panic陷入恐慌(状态)Point 6. appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢She can show much appreciation of good musicappreciate vt.感谢；欣赏 appreciate (ones) doing sth/ sth.感激(某人)干某事/某事appreciate (doing) sth.欣赏(干)某事I would appreciate it if.如果，我将不胜感激。I would appreciate it if you can attend my birthday party. Point 7. guarantee vt& n保证；确保；担保Wealth is not always a guarantee of happiness. 财富并不总是幸福的保证。guarantee to do保证做某事 be guaranteed to do sth.肯定会做某事；必定会做某事under guarantee在保修期内Point 8. have a gift for 具有某种禀赋或天分You have a marvelous gift for science.你很有科学方面的天赋。have a talent for sth.有的天赋 have a gift for music/art有音乐/艺术天赋have a gift for doing有做某事的天赋gifted adj.有天赋的 a gifted child有天赋的孩子四重点句式1. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 本句含有be about to. when.句式，该句式表示正要这时(突然)。be doing sth. when.正在做某事，就在这时be going to do sth./on the point of doing sth. when.正在做某事，就在这时had just done sth. when.刚刚做完某事，就在这时2. I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the flooronly to see.为动词不定式，在句中作结果状语. only to do/only doingonly后接动词不定式和现在分词都被用作结果状语。only to do意为不料(却)，结果(却)，表示一个没有料到的结果。only doing意为结果就，表示一个意料之中的结果。He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left.He died, only leaving nothing but debts.他死了，结果只留下了一身债务。3. It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion该句为主从复合句。It is said that.意为据说，其中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。It is said that.中said还可换为其他动词，如believed, hoped等。It is believed that John will help us with some money. It is thought that.大家认为 It is believed that.人们相信It is hoped that.人们希望 It is reported that.据报道It is well known that.众所周知 It is generally considered that.大家认为此结构可转换为：sb. is/are过去分词to do sth.，但是hope，suggest不可用于此结构。可克达拉市镇江中学 高二年级 英语 学科学案单元内容: B6U5 Grammar 复习动词-ing 时间： 2019-12 编制人 王海玲 审核人 张文娟 编号（2）一、v.-ing形式的定义与分类动词的ing形式是一种非谓语动词。动词的ing形式包括动名词与现在分词，也可统称为v.ing形式。动名词在句中用作主语，宾语，表语，定语；而现在分词在句中用作表语、定语、状语与宾语补足语。二、动名词的基本用法1动名词作主语（1）动词的ing形式作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。如：Leaving the heating on all the time wastes electricity. 让暖气整天开着是浪费电力。（2）常用ing形式作主语的句型有：It is a waste of/no good/no use/worthwhile doing.There is no sense/use/good/point in doing.如：Its no use arguing with hershe wont listen. 跟她争论没有用她不会听的。I could see that there was no point in arguing with him. 明白与他争论没有什么意义。2动名词作宾语动名词可用作某些动词、动词短语及介词的宾语。 Your shoes need repairing.你的鞋该补了。【归纳拓展】(1)常用动名词作宾语的动词及动词短语，我们可以用口诀归纳如下：考虑建议盼原谅(consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon)承认推迟没得想(admit，delay/put off，fancy)避免错过继续练(avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practise)否认完成停能赏(deny，finish，quit，enjoy/appreciate)不禁介意准逃亡(cant help，mind，allow/permit，escape)不准冒险凭想像(forbid，risk，imagine)(2)need，want，require，be worthdoing表示被动意义The house need repairing.房子需修理了。3. 动名词作表语Its surprising how quickly those in the public eye fade.注意：ing形式作表语时，要与句子主语在形式上保持一致。如：Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.眼见为实。4. 动名词作定语动名词作定语时，置于被修饰词之间，表示被修饰的名词的用途或者性能。如：sleeping car(a car for sleeping)卧车 There is some drinking water here.这儿有一些饮用水。三、现在分词现在分词可在句中作表语、定语、状语与补足语，本单元只讲现在分词作状语。现在分词/动词ing形式作状语时，表示的动作或状态与谓语动词表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎是同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词表示的动作或状态发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。动词ing形式作状语常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果等，多用逗号同句子其他成分隔开。并且可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列句。1 现在分词(v.ing)的基本形式Hearing the news, they immediately set off. 听到这个消息，他们立即出发了。2现在分词作状语的基本用法（1）作时间状语。强调与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，动词ing形式之前可用连词while或when等。Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.When she was walking in the park, she saw an old friend.在公园散步时，她看到一个老朋友。While playing the piano, she got very excited.（2）作原因状语。相当于原因状语从句。Being so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.As he was so angry, he couldnt go to sleep.因为太生气了，他睡不着。（3）作让步状语。相当于一个让步状语从句。有时动词ing前可带有连词although，even if等。Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.Though he had been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.（4）作结果状语。作结果状语时，通常放在句末，用逗号与前面的部分