Branches of Geomatics 测绘学的分支.docx

Branches of Geomatics 测绘学的分支Geodesy/Geodetic Surveying 大地测量学The type of surveying that takes into account the true shape of the earth is called geodetic surveying. This type of survey is suited for large areas and long lines and is used to find the precise location of basic points needed for establishing control for other surveys.考虑地球真实形状的测量工作称为大地测量. 这种测量适用于大范围和长距离的测量工作，用来确立基本点的精确位置，用以建立其他测量工作所需的控制网。geodesy di:ds 大地测量学geodetic drdetk 大地测量学precise prsas 清晰的；精确的；正规的；精密Topographic Surveying 地形测量学Topographicsurveysaremadetodetermineconfiguration(relief)oftheearthssurfaceandtolocatenatureandculturalfeaturesonit.Bymeansofvariouslinesandconventionalsymbols,topographicmapsareproduc-edfromsurveydata.Atopographicmapis alarge-scalerepresentationofaportionoftheearthssurfaceshowingculture,relief,hydrography,andperhapsvegetation.地形图地形测量用来确定地球表面的形状，定位自然和人文地物。通过各种线条和规定的符号，就可以根据测量数据绘制地形图。地形图是大比例表示部分地球表面的人工建筑，救灾，水文，也许植被。topographic tprfk 地形图configuration knfgjren 布局，构造conventional knvnnl 传统的；习用的，平常的large-scale lrdskel 大比例尺的representation rprznten 表现；陈述hydrography hadrgrf 水文地理学vegetation vdten 植被Photogrammetry 摄影测量学Photogrammetry can be defined as the art,science,and technology of obtaining reliable information about physical objects and the environment by recording, measuring and interpreting photographic images.摄影测量可以定义为通过记录、量测和解读相片来获取关于物理实体及环境的可靠信息的科学和技术。phtogrammetry fotgrmtri: 摄影测量学 photographic fotgrfk 摄影（术）的；摄影用的Engineering Surveying 工程测量学Engineeringsurveyingisthemeasurementofallkindsofengineering designintheplanning,constructionandoperationmanagementofthe subjectstage. 工程测量学是研究各种工程在规划设计、施工建设和运营管理阶段所进行的各种测量工作的学科。 construction knstrkn 建筑物；建造；解释；建造物 Hydrographic Surveying 海洋测绘学Hydrographic surveying is the study on the theory and method of measuring and chart compilation performed in ocean water and seabed for discipline.海洋测绘学是研究以海洋水体和海底为对象所进行的测量和海图编制的理论和方法的学科。 hydrographic hadrgrfk 与水道测量有关的seabed sibd 海底，海床Catography/Catology 地图制图学Cartography has grown from a collection of drafing techniques into an actual science.地图制图学已发展为综合利用绘图技巧的一门学科。cartography k:rt:grfi 制图学Geographical Information System 地理信息系统“GIS”isanacronymmeaningofGeographicInformationSystem.Itsasyst-emofhardware,software,andproceduresdesignedtosupportthecapt-ure,management,manipulation,analysis,modeling,anddisplayofspati-allyreferenceddataforsolvingcomplexplanningandmanagement problem.地理信息系统是一个缩写含义，地理信息系统.GIS是一个由硬件，软件，和程序设计，支持捕获，管理，处理，分析，