医学英语词汇：消化系统.doc

中山医学院医学英语词汇竞赛说明一下：背后长长的那部分是该词汇的英文解释，大家千万不要吓坏了。这周的词汇就从周三开始，我们把它具体成了每一天的量。希望大家每天坚持下去哦！周三词汇：aliment/o: food, nutrient alimentation: process of giving or taking nourishment. 养料,营养品 alimentary: pertaining to food. 营养的,饮食的 hyperalimentation: hyper- excessive, hence excessive amount of food. 营养的,饮食的appendic/o: appendix 阑尾 appendectomy: ectomy excision, hence removal of the appendix.阑尾切除术 appendicitis: inflammation of the appendix. 阑尾炎 appendical: pertaining to the appendix 阑尾的auto-: self, own autodigestion: digestion of oneself. 自身消化,自溶作用,自身溶解 autoinfection: infection from oneself. 自身感染,内源性感染 autopsy: -opsy process of viewing; hence the examination of a dead body with ones own eyes. 尸体解剖,尸检bil/i: gall, bile 胆汁 bilirubin: bile pigment. 胆红素 biliary: pertaining to bile or bile ducts. 胆汁的, 胆的 biliation: the production and excretion of bile. 胆汁分泌bucc/o: cheek 颊 buccal: pertaining to the cheek. 颊的, 口的, 口腔的 bucca: cheek 口,颊 buccopulpal: pertaining to cheek and pulp. 颊髓的,颊与牙髓的cec/o: cecum盲肠 cecorrhaphy: -rrhaphy suture, hence surgical repair of the cecum.盲肠缝合术 cecopexy: -pexy fixation, hence fixation of the cecum.盲肠固定术 cecocolic: col/o colon, hence pertaining to the cecum and colon.盲(肠)结肠的chol/e, chol/o: gall, bile cholelithiasis: lith/o stone; -iasis disease condition, hence the condition of having stones in the gall bladder. 胆石病 cholestasis: -stasis stopping, hence stoppage of the flow of bile. 胆汁郁积, 胆汁阻塞 cholemesis: -emesis vomiting, hence vomiting of bile. 呕胆周四词汇：cholecyst/o: gallbladder胆囊 cholecystectomy: excision of the gallbladder. 胆囊切除术 cholecystitis: inflammation of the gallbladder. 胆囊炎 cholecystic: pertaining to the gallbladder. 胆囊的cis/o: to cut incision: in- into; -ion process, hence the process of cutting in.切开,切口,断口 incisor: one of four front teeth in the dental arch.切牙 excision: ex- out, hence the process of cutting out.切除,切除col/o, colon/o: colon colonopathy: diseased condition of the colon. 结肠病 colonoscope: a viewing instrument to examine the colon. 结肠镜 colostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body, hence from the colon to the outside of the body. 结肠造口术dent/o, dent/i: tooth dentition: the teeth in the dental arch. 齿系, 齿列 lobiodental: lobi/o lip, hence pertaining to the lip and the teeth. 唇齿的 dentifrice: fricare to rub, hence substance used to clean the teeth. 洁牙剂diverticul/o: things that turn aside憩室 diverticulum: abnormal side-pocket in the intestine wall. (复diverticula) 憩室 diverticulitis: inflammation of the diverticula (small pouches) in the intestine wall, especially in the colon.憩室炎 diverticulosis: the presence of the diverticula.憩室病duoden/o: duodenum十二指肠 duodenectomy: excision of the duodenum. 十二指肠切除术 gastroduodenal: pertaining to stomach and duodenum. 胃十二指肠的 duodenitis: inflammation of the duodenum. 十二指肠炎enter/o: intestine enteropathy: disease of the intestine. 肠病 enterocolitis: inflammation of the small intestine and colon.小肠结肠炎 gastroenterologist: specialist in alimentary tract disorders.胃肠病学家周五词汇：gingiv/o: gums 龈 gingivae: gums 龈 gingivitis: inflammation of the gums.龈炎 gingivectomy: excision of the gums. 龈切除术ile/o: ileum回肠 ileocecal: cec/o cecum(盲肠), hence pertaining to the ileum and cecum. 回盲肠的 ileostomy: -stomy surgical opening to the outside of the body. 回肠造口术 ileitis: inflammation of the ileum.回肠炎jejun/o: jejunum空肠 gastrojejunostomy: surgical connection or opening between the stomach and jejunum.胃空肠吻合术 jejunoileal: pertaining to the jejunum and ileum. 空肠回肠的 jejunotomy: incision of the jejunum. 空肠切开术lingu/o: tongue舌 lingual: pertaining to the tongue.舌的 sublingual: sub- under, hence pertaining to something that is under the tongue. 舌下的 linguodental: pertaining to the tongue and tooth. 舌牙的-megaly: enlargement增大 splenomegaly: splen/o the spleen, hence enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾 hepatomegaly: enlargement of the liver. 肝肿大 cardiomegaly: enlargement of the heart. 心肥大micro-: small小 microscope: an apparatus used to magnify small objects. 显微镜 microscopic: pertaining to extremely small size.显微镜(下)的,微观的 micronodular: pertaining to small nodules.小结节的nas/o: nose鼻子 nasal: pertaining to the nose.鼻的 nasogastic: pertaining to the nose and stomach. 鼻胃的 nasopalatine: pertaining to the nose and palate. 鼻腭的周六词汇：or/o: mouth口 oropharynx: the area of the throat at the back of the mouth. 口咽的 oral: pertaining to the mouth. 口腔的 oralogy: study of the mouth.口腔学 (stomatology口腔医学,牙医学)pancreat/o: pancreas胰腺胰脏 pancreatic: pertaining to the pancreas.胰脏的 pancreatitis: inflammation of the pancreas.胰腺炎 pancreatin: one of the digestive ferments of the pancreatic juice. 胰液素pharyng/o: pharynx 咽 pharyngitis: inflammation of the pharynx.咽炎 pharyngonasal: pertaining to the nose and the pharynx. 咽鼻的 (nasopharyngeal 鼻咽的) pharyngoxerosis: -xer/o dry, hence dryness of the pharynx. 咽干燥proct/o: rectum直肠 proctology: study of disease of the rectum.直肠病学 proctoscope: instrument to visually examine the rectum.直肠镜 proctopexy: -pexy fix, fasten, hence fix the rectum. 直肠固定术sial/o: saliva唾液,涎 sialorrhea: -rrhea flow, discharge, hence excessive secretion of saliva. 流涎 sialolith: lith/o stone, hence salivary stone.涎石 salivary: pertaining to saliva.唾液的,涎的sigmoid/o: sigmoid colon乙状结肠 sigmoidoscopy: -scopy visual examination, hence visual examination of the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠镜检查(术) sigmoiditis: inflammation of the sigmoid乙状结肠炎 sigmoidotomy: surgical incision into the sigmoid colon. 乙状结肠切开术splen/o: spleen脾 splenomegaly: enlargement of the spleen. 脾大,脾肿大,巨脾 splenectomy: surgical removal of the spleen. 脾切除术 splenic: pertaining to the spleen. 脾的周日词汇：-