2010年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B级冲刺模拟题.doc

大家论坛2010年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B级冲刺模拟题第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语有括号，请为每处括号部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1. As prices have dropped lower and lower, the (outlook) looks black for many companies in the city. A. sightB. prospectC. lookD. point of view2. They set off a (debate) about the problem.A. adviceB. discussionC. needD. expectation3. The computer had made a great (impact) on modern life.A. forceB. influenceC. powerD. change4. The necessary (outcome) of a war is a fall in production. A. resultB. decisionC. judgmentD. event5. The whole scheme began to take on a more (practical) aspect. A. basicB. usefulC. clearD. absolute6. Each year Americans (consume) a high percentage of the worlds energy. A. wastedB. ateC. usedD. produced7. Id like to be her (intimate) friend and good companion. A. closeB. strongC. onlyD. private8. The police could not find a (motive) for the murder.A. reasonB. excuseC. answerD. plan9. Your faults of pronunciation can be (remedied). A. processedB. maintainedC. protectedD. improved10. I couldnt think of the name of that man (anyhow). A. somehowB. somewhereC. anywayD. anywhere11. Many English words are (derived) from Latin.A. stemmedB. reliedC. changedD. improved12. The reformation of criminals has produced an (obvious) result. A. possibleB. likelyC. apparentD. eternal13. A (typical) England gentleman is always with an umbrella. A. idiomaticB. particularC. remarkableD. characteristic14. The doctors had (given up) the girl, but she made a remarkable recovery. A. savedB. acceptedC. droppedD. given in15. The program deals with subjects as (diverse) as pop music and Beijing Opera. A. generousB. variousC. romanticD. humorous第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Australia Aims for Cleaner Coal Australia wants to show that existing power stations can be refitted to burn coal in a much cleaner way. A demonstration project will seek to develop new technology over the next four years that makes it easier to capture carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide is the main gas that many scientists say helps cause global warming. In traditional coal-fired power stations, the coal is burned in air in a big furnace and the carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere. In the new system, the coal is burned in pure oxygen instead of air. The captured carbon dioxide gas is then made into a liquid and buried deep underground. The process is called geo-sequestration(地质隔离). The operators of the project in the northern state of Queensland say it is the first of its kind in the world. Australian and Japanese companies are supporting the project, and the Australian government is paying for part of it. Geoff Wilson is the mines and energy minister in Queensland. He says the new system will sharply reduce the amount of carbon released from the coal-fired process and make it easier to store. The International Energy Agency has said that clean coal technology could help reduce the release of greenhouse gases by one-fourth. But a spokeswoman for the environmental group Friends of the Earth says the technology has very limited promise to cut emissions in the short term. Critics say the technology is unproven. And they say it will not guarantee that Australia will be able to reduce emissions in the future. Australia releases more greenhouse gases per person than almost any other country in the world. Its emissions come mainly from coal burned for electricity. On November fifteenth, thousands of Australians in Sydney, Melbourne and other cities joined a yearly protest called Walk Against Warming. They called for renewable energy. Scientists warn that the Australian continent could suffer more severe dry periods, floods and storms as a result of climate change. For years the government refused to sign the Kyoto treaty limiting greenhouse gas emissions. But Prime Minister Kevin Rudd signed the protocol as his first act in office following his election last year. He has made action on climate change an important part of his environment policy. 16. Carbon dioxide is the main cause of global warming according to many scientists.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. In the new system, carbon dioxide will be buried deep underground instead of being released into the atmosphere.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. Japan adopted the new system several years ago and that project has sharply reduce the amount of carbon.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Not all people agree that the new project will make effective result in cutting emissions.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Australia released most greenhouse gases emission in average in the world.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. Sydney, the biggest city in Australia, attracts a lot of tourists every year.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. In order to control greenhouse gas emissions, Australia government signed the Kyoto treaty at the very beginning.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。Touring the Antarctic brings danger1 Ship tourism to Antarctica is on the rise: More than 35,000 tourists are expected to visit Antarctica this spring and summer. In 1992-93, 6,750 visited Antarctica, according to the Antarctic Treaty Secretariat. All of this tourism, however, is posing great danger to both tourists and the environment.2 Among the tourist ships that visit the continent, the Explorer, a Canadian ship, was one of the first. Launched in 1969, it was built to ferry tourists to Antarctica. Last week, however, it became the first commercial passenger ship to sink beneath the polar regions waters. Fortunately, all of the passengers and crew members were evacuated(撤离) from the ship. However, the sunken ship threatens the Antarctics fragile environment. The ship was estimated to be holding 48,000 gallons of marine diesel fuel.3 The accident was not unanticipated. Both the US and UK had warned a conference of Antarctic treaty nations in May that the tourism situation in the region was a potential disaster. The US said in a paper, people should take a hard look at tourism issues now, especially those related to vessel safety. The increasing number of ships operating in Antarctica means that ships are under greater pressures to meet the time slots for visiting key sites, the British government wrote in a paper at the meeting of treaty nations.4 Although the Antarctic seas are relatively calm, floating ice poses a potential threat to ships. The owner of the Explorer attributed the sinking to a fist-size hole in the hull created by ice. Many of the other large cruise ships now visiting Antarctica have little or no ice reinforcement in their designs. Such ships generally can only come to the continent at the height of summer. But the tourist rush is pushing vessels into dangerous situations.5 As a natural frontier, Antarctica is in a legal muddle. There are no obvious answers as to who is responsible for dealing with the threat that tourism may cause to human life and the environment.6 Jim Barnes, executive director of the Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition, told the New York Times: Theres no military or coast guard for Antarctica. He asked: Do we want this (the Antarctic) to become Disneyland, or do we want some controls?23. Paragraph 124. Paragraph 225. Paragraph 326. Paragraph 4A. The Sinking of the ExplorerB. Increasing TouristsC. PollutionD. Hidden DangersE. Warnings Before the AccidentF. Big Disaster27. Although the Explorer sunk, the crew members and passengers are _.28. The accident of the Explorers sinking is _.29. The tourist ships are in danger of _.30. Who is responsible of Antarctics threat is _.A. safeB. being hit by floating iceC. pollute the seaD. foreseenE. unclearF. dealing with the threat第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。第一篇Night of the Living Ants When an ant dies, other ants move the dead insect out of the nest. This behavior is interesting to scientists, who wonder how ants know for sure and so soon that another ant is dead. Dong-Hwan Choe, a scientist at the University of California found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, Im dead take me away. But theres a twist to Choes discovery. These ants are a little bit like zombies(僵尸). Choe says that the living ants not just the dead ones have this death chemicals. In other words, while an ant crawls around, perhaps in a picnic or home, its telling other ants that its dead. What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies, and these tell nearby ants something like, Wait Im not dead yet, So Choes research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants: one says, Im dead, the other set says, Im not dead yet. Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead. If an ant is knocked unconscious, other ants leave it alone until it wakes up. That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive. Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies, the chemical that says Wait Im not dead yet quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone, only the one that says Im dead is left. Its because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard(墓地), not because its body releases new unique chemicals after death, said Choe. When other ants detect the dead chemical without the not dead yet chemical, they haul away the body. This was Choes hypothesis(假设). To test his hypothesis, Choe and his team put different chemicals on Argentine ant pupae(蛹). When the scientists used the Im dead chemical, other ants quickly hauled the treated pupae away. When the scientists used the Wait Im not dead yet chemicals, other ants left the treated pupae alone. Choe believes this behavior shows that the not dead yet chemicals override(优先于) the dead chemical when picked up by adult ants. And that when an ant dies, the not dead yet chemicals fade away. Other nearby ants then detect the remaining dead chemical and remove the body from the nest.31. What is meant by death chemical mentioned in paragraph 3?A. A chemical that contains poison.B. A chemical that causes death.C. A chemical that announces death.D. A chemical that prevents death.32. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the question What keeps ants from hauling away the living dead? (paragraph 4) ?A. How do ants know what is to be hauled away from the dead ants?B. What prevents ants from removing the ants that are not yet dead?C. What do ants do to keep themselves away from the dying ants?D. What prevents ants from being carried away after they die?33. What is NOT true about Choes finding?A. When an ant dies, it produces a I am dead signal.B. Living ants have the death chemical on their bodies.C. Ants have two sets of chemicals on their bodies.D. Ants have the I am not dead chemical on their bodies.34. According to Choes hypothesis, A. an ant still smells like a living when it dies.B. the I am dead chemical leaves the ants body when it dies.C. the I am not dead yet chemical is left when an ant dies.D. the I am not dead yet chemical leaves the ants body when it dies.35. What is the result of the test on Choes hypothesis?A. It proves that his hypothesis is true.B. Not enough evidence has been found to support his hypothesis.C. It shows that his hypothesis is wrong.D. It indicates that his hypothesis needs revising.第二篇Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive(放射性的) Waste The withdrawal of Nevadas Yucca Mountain as a potential nuclear waste repository(贮藏地) has reopened the debate over how and where to dispose of spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste. In an article in the July 10 issue of Science, University of Michigan geologist Rodney Ewing and Princeton University nuclear physicist Frank von Hippel argue that, although federal agencies should set standards and issue licenses for the approval of nuclear facilities, local communities and states should have the final approval on the siting of these facilities. The authors propose the development of multiple sites that would service the regions where nuclear reactors(反应堆) are located. The main goal.should be to provide the United States with multiple alternatives and substantial public involvement in an open siting and design process that requires acceptance by host communities and states, the authors write. Ewing and von Hippel also analyze the reasons why Yucca Mountain, selected by Congress in 1987 as the only site to be investigated for long-term nuclear waste disposal, finally was shelved(搁置) after more than three decades of often controversial(有争议的) debate. The reasons include the sites geological(地质的) problems, management problems, important changes in the Environmental Protection Agencys standard, unreliable funding and the failure to involve local communities in the decision-making process. Going forward, efforts should be directed at locating storage facilities in the nations northeastern, southeastern, midwestern and western regions, and states within a given region should be responsible for developing solutions that suit their particular circumstances. Transportation of nuclear waste over long distances, which was a concern with the Yucca Mountain site, would be less of a problem because temporary storage or geological disposal sites could be located closer to reactors. This regional approach would be similar to the current approach in Europe, where spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste from about 150 reactors and reprocessing plants is to be moved to a number of geological repositories in a variety of rock types, said Rodney Ewing, who has written extensively about the impact of nuclear waste management on the environment and who has analyzed safety assessment criteria for the controversial Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository.36. Which of the following words can best substitute the word withdrawal in the first paragraph?A Retirement.B Canceling.C Replaced.D Disposal.37. According to Rodney Ewing and Frand von Hippel, where to locate nuclear facilitiesA should be approved by the federal government.B should be approved by local people and states.C should be approved by Congress.D is not an important issue.38. What is NOT true about the 1987 decision by Congress concerning siting of nuclear waste disposal?A Yucca Mountain was selected as the only site for a nuclear waste repository.B The selection of Yucca Mountain for nuclear waste disposal caused much controversy.C The decision by Congress was put aside due to a number of problems.D The decision by Congress was accepted by local communities.39. What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say?A Efforts should be made to solve the problems of transportation of nuclear waste over long distance.B Efforts should be made to develop as many nuclear disposal sites in the US as possible.C Efforts should be made to develop nuclear disposal sites to suit the circumstances of the region.D Efforts should be made to build as many temporary nuclear disposal sites as possible.40. What is meant by regional approach as mentioned in the last paragraph?A Waste disposal sites are located close to reactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances.B Geological repositories are located in a variety of rock types.C Spent nuclear fuel and high-level nuclear waste is moved to developing countries.D Waste disposal sites are located far away from reactors.第三篇College is stressful, its true, but is it really that difficult? Charley Coopers busy. He has a full load of classes, hours of homework and a part-time job at a financial services company, and all the other time-consuming aspects of college. The solution? A personal assistant (PA). Cooper, a 19-year-old Georgetown University sophomore, posted an ad for someone to handle some everyday tasks on the schools student employment Website. They included: organizing his closet, dropping him off and picking him up from work, scheduling haircuts, putting gas in the car, taking the car in for service, managing accounts electronically, and doing the laundry. A successful applicant could expect to work three to seven hours a week, for $10-12 an hour. As my PA, you will receive an e-mail once a day by 9 am with a task list for that day and a time estimate for each task, Cooper wrote on the job listing. Important tasks will be bolded on the list and must be done that day. The Georgetown Voice, the university magazine, posted the listing online Friday under the headline: Georgetown sophomore seeks personal assistant, takes premature self-importance to whole new level. Soon, dozens of negative comments appeared, accusing Cooper of furthering the stereotype that Georgetown is filled with wealthy kids who cant do anything for themselves. People are not happy. They think hes just ridiculous and full of himself, said Sarah Murphy, 19, a sophomore in English. Although the posting create