词典学术语(修订版) (2).doc

词典学术语abbreviation 缩略语abbreviative notation 缩略标记abridged 删节的，未足本的abridged dictionary节本词典abridgement 删节，节本absolute equivalent 绝对对应词absolute synonym 绝对同义词abusage 滥用abusive language 辱骂语academic dictionary 学术词典academic lexicography 学术词典学academy dictionary 学院词典accent mark 重音号acceptability 接受性acceptability rating 接受等级access alphabet 检索字母表access point 检索项access structure 检索结构acknowledges 致谢项acrolect 上层方言acronym 首字母缩略词active dictionary 积极词典，主动性词典active vocabulary 积极词汇adjectival noun 形容词性名词adjective complement 形容词性补语adjective compound 复合形容词adjunct 附加性副词adnominal 名词修饰语advanced searches 高级搜索affix 词缀 affixation 词缀法，词缀词agglutinative language 黏着型语言alien word 外来词allomorph 语素变体allophone 音位变体allusion 典故alphabetic arrangement 字母顺序排列alphabetic order 字母顺序alphabetic sequence 字母顺序alphabetic writing 字母文字，拼音文字alphabetization 按字母顺序排列alphanumeric combination字母数字组合词alphapedia 字顺百科alternative lexicography 另类词典学ambiguity 歧义ambilogy 双关语amelioration of meaning 词义的扬升Americanism 美国词语，美式英语Ampersand &号（=and）analogical dictionary 类义词典analytic definition 分析式释义analytic language 分析型语言analytical ordering 分析排列angle brackets 尖括号animate noun 生物名词，动物名词anisomorphism 语言差异性antedating 早于已摘录文献的引语anthroponymy 人名学antidictionary 反动词典appendix 附录appreciative 赞赏的，褒义的appropriateness 得体性，适切性approximative equivalent 近义对等词arch 弓形符（即）archaic word 古词archaism 古体，古语archaizing dictionary 仿古词典archeography 古文献学archive 引语档案areal linguistics 区域语言学argot 黑话arrow 箭号article 词条，条目artificial language 人工语言asserted meaning 陈述意义association 联想association by contiguity 相邻联想association by contrast 对比联想association by similarity 类似联想association group 联想词群associational word 联想词associative meaning 联想意义asterisk 星号（*）at 单价号 （）atlas 地图集attestation isolee 个别使用attributive adjective 修饰性形容词authentic example 真确性例证authentication 求证authenticity 真实性author dictionary 独编词典authors dictionary 作家词典automatic lemmatization 自动归目automatic lexicography 自动词典学autosemantic word 自义词auxiliary verb 助动词back clipping 截尾缩略back matter 附录部分，后文back matter structure 附录结构back page material 后页材料back-formation 逆构词法backward dictionary 逆序词典，倒排词典barbarism 不纯正的词语，粗野语base 词基，词根base structure 基础结构base word 词目base-repeating 词根重叠释义法basic searches 基本搜索basic sense 基本义项basic vocabulary基本词汇basic word stock 基本词汇bias word 倾向性词语bias-free vocabulary 无偏见词汇biblical expression 圣经词语bibliography书目；目录学bidirectional dictionary 双向双语词典bifunctional dictionary 双功能词典big dictionary 大型词典bilingual dictionary 双语词典bilingual edition双解本，双解版bilingual learners dictionary双语学习词典bilingual lexicography双语词典学bilingual thesaurus 双语分类词典bilingualized dictionary双解词典biographical dictionary人名词典biographical entry人名条目biographical lexicography 人名词典学biographical sources传记资料blank 空格blend 混成词，拼缀词blending 混成法，拼缀法；拼缀词bogey怪字bold-faced type 黑体字borrowed word 外借词borrowing 借词bound equivalent局限对应词bound form 黏附形式bound morpheme黏着词素bound root 黏着词根braces大括号brackets 方括号breve 短音符bridge dictionary桥接词典British National Corpus 英国国家语料库broad notation 宽式标音法broad transcription 宽式音标，宽式记音法browser 浏览器buying guide 购买指南cacography拼写错误cacology 用词不当calque仿照词canonical form 标准形式cant 隐语，黑话capital letter 大写字母caret 脱字号（）casual style 随便语体，随意文本catachresis 词语误用catchword眉词，导词categorical diversity 范畴的差异性categorical equivalence范畴对应关系categorical identity 范畴一致性categorization 划分范畴，归类caution 提醒号CD-ROM dictionary光盘词典censorship 审查制度census 普查，调查centered period 分节点，音节号，中黑点（）character dictionary 字典character set 字集check mark 核对号（）childrens dictionary 儿童词典chronological dictionary 序时词典circular definition 循环释义circularity 循环释义，互训circumflex音调符号，长音符号circumlocution 迂回曲折表达法，遁词citation 引语，书证，例证citation file引例档案classificatory label 分类标注，类别标记clause idiom 成语性分句clich 陈词滥调clipped form 截短形式clipped word 截短词clipping 截短法close construction 封闭结构closed combination 封闭型组合closed corpus 封闭式语料库closed-class words 封闭性词类code 代码codification 编码coding代码化cognate 同源词cognitive meaning 认知意义coherence 连贯性co-hyponym 共下义词，共同受支配词coinage 新造词语coined term 新造术语coined word 新造词，新创词college dictionary大学词典collegiate dictionary 大学词典collocation 搭配（关系）collocational information 搭配信息collocative meaning 搭配意义colloquial language 口语colloquial standard 口语标准语colloquial word 口语词colloquialism 口语词colorpedia 彩图百科comb effect 梳子效应combinatory possibility 组合可能性combinatory variant 组合变体combining form 组合形式commercial dictionary 商业词典common core vocabulary 基本词汇，共有核心词汇common usage 普通用法common word 普通词compact dictionary 缩印词典compact edition 缩印版comparative lexicography 比较词典学compilation （词典）编纂compiler 编纂者compiler perspective编篡者视角complementaries互补反义词complete antonym完全反义词complete synonym完全同义词complex word复杂词componential analysis成分分析，义素分析composition合词法compound复合词compound word复合词，合成词compounding复合构词法comprehensive dictionary详解词典computational lexicography计算词典学computer lexicography计算机词典学conceptual connection概念联系conceptual dictionary概念词典conceptual meaning概念意义concise dictionary简明词典concordance语词索引confrontationist linguistics对照语言学conjunct 连接性副词connotation隐含意义；附加意义；内涵 connotative meaning内涵意义connotative style咨询文体content word实义词context语境context definition语境释义法context of situation言语环境，情景语境contextual definition语境释义contextual function语境功能 contextual meaning语境意义contextual theory语境理论contract word缩写词contracted form,contraction缩写contradictory term 对立性反义词contrast对称词contrastive analysis 对比分析contrastive linguistics 对比语言学conversion词类转化法conversive换位反义词cooccurrence 同现cooccurrence relation同现关系cooccurrence restriction同现限制cooccurrence-range搭配cooccurrent meaning共现意义copying in dictionaries词典抄借copyright版权core group核心词群core sense核心义项core vocabulary核心词汇core word核心词co-reference互见corpus语料库corpus composition语料库的组成corpus correction语料库矫正corpus-orient lexicography语料库技术词典学correction矫正correctness正确性count noun可数名词countable noun可数名词coverage覆盖度creole混合语creolized language混合语cross reference互参，互见，交互参照cross-classification交叉结构cross-reference structure参见结构cryptogram密码cryptology隐语cultivated spoken language有教养的口头语言cultivated usage优雅用法cultural borrowing文化借用cultural context文化环境cultural dictionary文化词典 cultural guide文化向导cultural lexicography文化词典学cultural-bound lexical item文化局限词汇项cultural-bound term(word) 文化局限词cultural-loaded expression文化含义词cultural-specific vocabulary文化局限词汇culture- specific vocabulary文化局限词汇cuneiform,cuneiform writing楔形文字curtailed word缩短词cyclopedia百科全书cynicism挖苦语dagger剑号（）data bank数据库database数据库，资料库databases & audio-visual materials数据库与声像资料data-processing资料加工，数据处理dead affix废弃的词缀，废缀dead conjugation已经不用的词形变化形式dead language死语言dead metaphor死隐语dead word废词deadjective suffix附加于形容词的后缀deadjective verb来自形容词的动词declension（静词）词尾变化decode解码decoding dictionary解码词典decoding function 解码功能de-etymologization词源中断 definiendum被下定义的词语，被释词目definiens(pl.definientia)下定义用的词语，释义defining dictionary释义词典defining vocabulary(DV)定义用词汇，定义用词汇总表definition释义，定义deflexion词尾消失degeneration of meaning词义的降格deictic field指示范围denominal adjective 来自名词的形容词denominal noun 来自名词的名词denominal suffix 附加于名词的后缀denominal verb来自名词的动词denotation所指意义，字面意义denotational meaning指称意义，所指意义denotative meaning外延意义denotatum(pl.denotata)所指客观对象density of entries词条密度derivation派生词；派生法derivation by zero suffix零位后缀派生法derivational affix派生词缀derivational antonym派生反义词derivational compound派生复合词derivational morpheme派生形素derivational suffix派生后缀derivative派生词derived form源出（）derived sense派生义项derived stem派生词干deriving form派生形式derogatory贬损的，贬义的description描写descriptive dictionary描写性词典descriptive equivalent描写性对应词descriptive function描写功能descriptive trend描写性倾向descriptivism描写主义descriptor系索词，标志词designate定义，所指内容的组成designation指称意义designative word指称词designatum(pl.designata)所指内容desk dictionary案头词典desktop e-dictionary桌面电子词典desktop electronic-dictionary桌面电子词典deterioration of meaning词义降格，词义贬降determiner 限定词deverbal adjective来自于动词的形容词deverbal noun来自于动词的名词deverbal suffix附加于动词的后缀diachronic approach历时角度diachronic dictionary历时词典diacritic变音符，附加符号diacritic sign附加符号diacritical mark变音符，附加符号diacritical marking符号标音法dialect dictionary方言词典dialect lexicography方言词典学dialectism方言词语diction措词dictionary词典，字典dictionary awareness词典意识dictionary criticism词典批评dictionary culture词典文化dictionary family词典家族dictionary for comprehension理解型词典dictionary for production生成型词典dictionary for speakers of the source language源语用户词典dictionary for speakers of the target language目的语用户词典dictionary for translation翻译词典dictionary form词典形式dictionary history词典史dictionary lookup词典查检dictionary maker词典编篡者dictionary making词典编篡dictionary meaning词典意义dictionary of proverbs谚语词典dictionary of the literary language书面语词典dictionary of the spoken language口语词典dictionary proper正文部分dictionary research词典研究dictionary review词典评论dictionary structure词典结构dictionary text词典语篇dictionary typology词典类型学dictionary use词典使用dictionary user词典使用者dictionary with bilingual双解词典dictionary word词典词didactic function教导功能differentia specifica属差differentia (pl. differentiae)种差differential dictionary区别性词典differential linguistics区别语言学diglossia双语现象diglottic level双语现象的变体diminutive指小（词）diminutive suffix指小后缀directories of agencies机构指南disambiguation消除歧义discourse meaning话语意义discrimination辨异，词义辨析disjunct分离性副词distinctive feature区别性特征distributional analysis分布分析法ditransitive verb双宾语动词ditto“同上”号（）division into syllables分音节DJ丹尼尔琼斯标音法domesticated word归化词dominant sense主要意义double brackets双方括号double check双核对号（）double dagger 双剑号（）double scale组成一对的同义词double virgules双斜线号（/）doublet同源异体字echoic word拟声词edition版本editor编辑EFL lexicography英语作为外语的学习词典学electronic bilingual dictionary电子双语词典electronic dictionary电子词典electronic lexicography电子词典学elevation of meaning词义的扬升ellipsis省略号（）ELT lexicography英语教学词典学emotive meaning 情感意义emotive overtone感情色彩empirical ordering经验排列enclitic后接词encode编码，组码encoding dictionary编码词典encoding function编码功能encyclopedia百科全书encyclopedia definition百科释义encyclopedic dictionary百科词典encyclopedic entry百科条目encyclopedic matter百科信息English Philological Society英语语文协会entailed meaning蕴含意义entry条目，词条entry pane条目窗entry word词目ephemeral word瞬息新词equivalent对应词equivalent analogue等值的对应体ESL(English as second language)作为第二语言的英语ethnolinguistic bilingual dictionary人类语言学双语词典etymological dictionary词源词典etymology词源（学）euphemism委婉语everyday expression日常用语example,example-sentence例句exclamation mark感叹号exegetic dictionary注释词典exemplification括注法explanatory definition解说式释义explanatory equivanlent解释对等词explanatory gloss解释性说明explicit cross-reference明示互参extended sense引申意义extension外延extension of meaning语义扩大extinct language 死语，死亡语extralinguistic context 语言外语境familiar style非正式文体family of languages 语系field场field theory 词场理论field label学科标注figurative meaning比喻意义figurative speech比喻语figurative-metaphorical比喻隐喻的figure of speech修辞格file资料档案files of citation引例档案filler-in填空词fist参见号fixed accent固定重音fixed collocation固定搭配fixed phrase 固定短语fixed stress固定重音fixed word-combination固定词组fixed word-order固定词序folk definition通俗释义folk etymology民俗词源，俗词源学folk speech民间语folk usage通俗用法folk-etymological民俗词源的forcing example强迫性例证foreign affix外来词缀foreign learners dictionary外国学习者词典foreign word外来词，外语词foreignism外来词语form of address称呼形式form speech正式言语form style正式文体 form word 形式词format板式，开本formative构词成分formulaic definition程式释义four-letter word四字母语，粗俗词语frame(structure)框架（结构）free combination自由组合free morpheme自由语素free root自由词根free translation意译free variant自由变体free variation自由变异free word order自由词序French quotes法文引号，书名号frequency词频frequency word-book频率词表front and back clipping对词的首部与尾部的缩略front clipping对词的首部的缩略front matter前页部分front matter ,front page material前页，前页材料，（正文前的）材料frozen expression定型短语frozen style拘谨文体full homonym实足同形同音异义词full word实词，完全词function word功能词，虚词functional equivalent功能等值functional label功能标注functional language功能语言functional marker功能标记functional typology功能分类法functional varieties功能变体functional word功能词，虚词fuzzy terms模糊词语gazetteer地名索引，地名词典gem dictionary珍宝词典，精选词典general concordance普通词表general dictionary通用词典；普通词典generalization of meaning词的普遍化general-purpose bilingual dictionary综合性双语词典，通用双语词典general-purpose dictionary综合性（语文）词典general-purpose English dictionary综合性英语词典generative dictionary生成词典generic term类属词genus总属genus proximum近种geographical dictionary地理词典geographical entry地理条目geographical sources地理资料ghostword鬼词，别字giving synonyms同义词释义gleaning补遗gloss夹注，注释glossary注释词表，术语汇编glueword连接词gobbledygook官样文章Gothic writing哥特体字，黑体字governed word受支配词governing word支配词government publications政府出版物gradable adjective等级形容词grammar语法grammatical bound meaning受语法限制的意义grammatical coding语法代码grammatical collocation语法搭配grammatical context语法语境grammatical function语法功能grammatical information语法信息grammatical labeling语法代码grammatical marker语法标记grammatical motivation语法理据grammatical pattern语法模式grammatical sequence语法序列grammatically-partial word虚词graphic illustration插图，图解graphic substance形的实体graphic symbol书写符号guide word眉题，向导词habitual collocation习惯性搭配habitual co-occurrence习惯性同现handheld electronic dictionary掌上电子词典haplography掉字，漏写hard word难词head phrase词条headword词目heavy-duty word重负荷词hesitation-form犹豫形式hierarchical structure层级结构hierarchical system层级系统hieroglyphic writing象形文字high word 高位词historical comparative linguistics历史比较语言学historical dictionary（按历史原则编写的）历史词典historical lexicography历史词典学 historical ordering 历史排列historical principle历史性原则historism历史词语homograph同形异义词homography同形异义homonym同音异义词，同形异义词homonymy同音异义，同形异义homophone mark同音号humorous幽默的hybrid混合词hybrid language 混杂词hybrid word混合词，杂交词hyperonym总义词hypersemanticized discourse超语义化的说法hyphen连字符；隔音号hyphenated name连号hyphenation断词hyphenation routine连字法规则hypocoristic form爱称形式hypocoristic word爱称词hyponym下义词hyponymy下义关系identifying indication识别性说明ideogram表意文字ideographic symble表意符号ideographic writing表意文字ideography表意文字研究ideographical dictionary概念词典，义类词典ideographical function意识功能idiom习语，成语idiomatic expression习惯性词语idiomatic usage习惯用法idiomatics习语学，成语学illiterate language 文盲用语illustration插图，例证illustrative citation例证，引证illustrative example说明性例句；例证illustrative quotation例证imitation binding仿古装帧imitative semantic change语义变化模仿immediate postpositive直接后置形容词implicative method隐含法implicit cross-reference暗示互参impolite word不礼貌用语imposition强加inappropriate不得体的indention缩格index索引index verborum词语出处索引indexation索引检索indexes & abstracts索引与摘要indexing language索引语言infix中缀inflected language屈折语inflection屈折变化inflectional affix屈折词缀inflectional language屈折语inflectional morpheme屈折词素inflectional variant屈折变体inflective language屈折语inflexion 屈折变化inflexional ending词尾屈折inflexional language屈折语inflexional series屈折序列inflexional suffix屈折后缀 informal style非正式文体informant语言调查合作人information card背景资料卡information category信息范畴information retrieval language情报检索语言informative dictionary知识性词典initial inflexion开首屈折initial part词首部分initialism首字母连写词inkhorn term学究气的用语innovation新造词insertible equivalent可插入对应词instruction manual说明手册instrument language古今语言instrumental case工具格intensifier强调成分interactive dictionary交互词典interface language接口语言interjection感叹词interlingual dictionary语际词典interlingual interference语际障碍interlingual purism语际语言纯正主义International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)国际音标，国际音标注音法internationalism国际词intimate style亲昵语体intralingual purism内部语言纯正主义introspective example自省性例证invented example自造词irregular inflection不规则屈折形式italic斜体字italic bold-face type斜黑体jargon行话KK KK音标koine共通语，共同语language for specific purposes专门用途语言language notes语言说明language transfer语言迁移language typology语言类型学langue 语言，语言系统latent word潜在词Latinism拉丁词语learned word文言词learners dictionary学生词典lemma词目lemma unit词目单位letter-by-letter arrangement纯字母排列法lexeme词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical词汇的，语词的lexical ambiguity词汇歧义；词汇模糊性lexical collocation词汇搭配lexical context词汇语境lexical density词汇密度lexical entry词项，语词条目lexical equivalent词义对应词lexical expression词汇表达方式lexical field词汇场lexical gap词汇空缺lexical grammar词汇语法lexical item词汇单位；词位，词素，词项lexical meaning词汇意义lexical set 词群，词集lexical stock词汇总库lexical unit词汇单位lexical word词汇词lexicographer词典学家，词典编篡者lexicographese词典用语lexicographic context词典语境lexicography词典学，词典编篡，词典编篡学lexicology词汇学lexicon词典（尤指古代语言的词典）；词库ligature连音符lingua franca混合语，通用语，交际语linguistic context语言语境linguistic dictionary语文词典linguistic matter语言信息linguistic typology硬译分类学linguistics across culture跨文化语言学literal error排字错误，印刷错误literal meaning字面意义literal translation直译，硬译literary书面语literary language文学语言literary standard文学标准语literary word书面词语live suffix活后缀living affix现在通用的词缀living conjugation“活”的（词形）变化living language现用语言，活语言living word现在通用的词汇loan blend借词混成词，借词拼缀词loan shift转用借词loan translation翻译借词，仿译词loan word借词，外来词local dialect地方方言locution措词logical definition逻辑式定义logical ordering逻辑排列logographic lexicon字典 logography速记符 long vowel长元音lower-case letter小写字母（印刷用语）LSP lexicography专业英语词典学machine-readable dictionary机读词典machine-aided lexicography机助词典学macro-lexicography宏观词典学macron长音符（加在元音上的“-”）macrostructure宏观结构made-up example自造例main word主导词majuscule大写字母makeshift language代用语言malformation构词错误，误构manual手册maps & atlases地图与地图集marginal meaning外延意义mark,marker标记master inde