[备考策略]高考书面表达写作模板.doc

附录：书面表达模板1、 书信 一般包括以下几部分1)信头（heading）信头包括写信人地址和写信日期，通常写在信笺的右上角。在比较熟识的朋友之间的通信，写信人的地址常可略去。日期通常有下列两种定法：月、日、年：如august 15, 200_日、月、年：如15th august, 200_地址的写法通常是由小到大，如：门牌号、街道名、市（县）名、省名、国名（邮政编码通常写在城市名之后）。这同中文书信的地址写法完全相反。地址可以写13行，日期写在地址的下方。2)称呼（salutation）称呼指写信人对收信人的称呼，如dear xiaojun，写在信头的下方和信笺的左边。称呼一般用dear或my dear开头，称呼后一般用逗号。3)正文（body）这是书信的主体部分，即写信人要表达的内容。正文要求文字通顺，层次分明，表意清楚。可以手书，也可以打写。4)结束语（complimentary close）它是书信结尾的恭维话，相当于文中书信最后的“祝好”、“致礼”之类的话语。5)签名（signature）签名通常签在结束语下方的中间偏右的位置，即使是打写机打出的信件，最后仍需亲笔签名。在签名的上方可根据写信人和收信人的关系写上sincerely yours/yours sincerely（用于长辈或朋友之间），或respectfully yours/yours respectfully（用于对长辈或上级）。【写作模板】Dear _,I am _ (自我介绍). I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information regarding_.(要询问或交流的内容)First of all, what are _?(第一个问题) Secondly, when will_?(第二个问题) Thirdly, is _?(第三个问题)-I would also like to inquire _(将最重要的问题单独成段). Could you be so kind as to do-?Thank you for you kindness, and your prompt attention to this letter will be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely Li Ming【必背词汇】道歉信：apologize to sb. for something, behavior, excuse, forgive, inconsiderateness, make up for it / remedy, negligent, overlook, shoulder, the responsibility, be ashamed of, blame sb. for sth, fault. Ignorant, inconvenience, make an apology, misunderstanding, offend, regret, unintentional感谢信：appreciat, beyond word, convey, cordial, express, reciprocate, heartfelt, hospitability,Indebted, kindness, move, owe, generosity, grateful邀请信：accept, attend, invitation, join sb. in sth, take part in / participate, resort, scenic spot, get-together, go sightseeing, in advance, decline / turn down, enjoy oneself, entertain, expense, extend, welcome求职信：a solid theory foundation, advertisement, all-round, character/personality, contact number, competent, diploma, educational background, qualification, recruit, refer sb. to sb. Else, reference, shorthand, be graduated from, scholarship, meet the requirements, be desirous of, part-time job, position / post, practical experience, qualify sb. for a certain position, working experience, welfare, vacancy / opening, temporary job, take into consideration, a four-year course, secure a position, interview, interpersonal skills, inquire about, have a good command of , graduation, expected salary, employer, be available for an interview, apply for, applicant, an intimate knowledge of, capability/aptitude/ability, business hour, be qualified for求学信：purse, convenience, enjoy worldwide fame, further studies, admission, admit, application, entrance, favorable, fine tradition of scholarship, furnish, well-equipped, well-staffed, tuition, renowned, relevant, read for a degree, qualification, prospectus, prestigious, particular, long-cherished desire, honor, graduate program推荐信: a pleasant/attractive personality, academic records, adaptable, agreeable, command, dedicated, devoted, dutiful, enthusiastic, flexible, gifted, hesitate, ingenious, intelligent, mastery , open-mined, persuasive, rational, self-motivated, trustworthy, fulfill ones duty, without reservation, strong-willed, scholastic pursuit, punctual, outstanding performance, mature, loyal, impartial, insightful, hard-working, genial personality, extrovert, easy-going, diligent, dependable, courteous, be skilled in, ambitious, aggressive, acquaintance, a strong sense of responsibility【常见句型】1）常用的起首语有：（1）Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22,1969.（2）Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5，1997.（3）A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5,1997.（4）Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning.（5）Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.（6）In reply to your letter dated 4th July,I want to say（7）Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve.（8）What a treat to receive your kind letter of May 5th!(9)It is always a thrill to see your nice handwriting.(10)First of all I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me .(11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that （14)I am very much pleased to inform you that my visit to your country has been approved. （15)I wish to apply for teaching position you are offering. （16)I am too excited and delighted at your good news. （17)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations.2）常用的结束语有：（1）Awaiting your good news,（2）Looking forward to your early reply,（3）Hoping to hear from you soon,（4）We await your good news.（5）I hope to hear from you very soon.（6）We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.（7）I look forward to our next meeting there in Los Angeles.（8）Your early reply will be highly appreciated.（9）Any other particulars wanted we shall be pleased to send you.（10）The help you give me is sincerely valued.（11）I hope everything will be well with you .（12）Please let us know if you want more information. (13)I hope you always enjoy yourself. (14)I wish you very success in the coming year.（15）Please remember me to your family.（16）With best regards to your family.（17）All the best.（18）With love and good wishes.2、通知 一般包括以下部分1）标题通知的正上方通常要有一个标题。口头通知常用Announcement，书面通知多用Notice或NOTICE。2）日期口头通知因是现场发布，不需要日期，但书面通知要写日期。布告式通知的日期一般写在最后一行，即左下角，要低于落款；书信式通知的日期可写在右上角。3）呼语口头通知往往要有呼语，如Boys and girls，Ladies and gentlemen，Dear friends，Comrades等。4）正文通知正文所使用的语言应尽量简明扼要。口头通知开始往往要用上“Attention，please，或“May I have your attention，please?”或“Be quiet，please”，其后可以加上I have an announcement to make，结束时可加上“Thats all”，“Thank you!”之类的客套话。对举行活动的口头或书面通知，常用“sth willis going to be held+地点+时间”或“There willis going to be+sth+地点+时间”结构。结束语前常用“Please attend it on time”，“Do be present on time”或“Everyone isAll are welcomeexpected、to attend it”，“Dont be late”之类的句子。5）落款口头通知通常不用落款；书面通知要落款，写出发出通知的人或单位名称。落款一般写在通知的右下角。【写作模板】 Ladies and gentlemen/Sir/， May I have your attention， please? I have an announcement to make.正文部分：_ (通知的内容)All _ are required to attend it. Please _.Please _. Please come on time and dont be late.Everybody is welcome to attend it.I hope youll have a nice time here.Thats all. Thank you.【必背词汇】1）一个星期七天 Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 2）一年十二个月 January February March April May June July August September October November December3）一年四季：spring, summer, autumn, winter4)容易拼写错的数字: eighth, ninth, forty, twelfth, twentieth 5) 常见动词：seek (sought, sought), sing (sang, sung)，spread (spread, spread)，swim (swam, swum), wear( wore; worn), hold (held, held ), make (made, made), keep (kept, kept), check, examine, receive, accept, celebrate(庆祝)/ congratulate,wear sth / dress sb, picnic (picnicked, picnicking)6) 常用形容词、副词：beautiful, beautifully, possible, possibly, practica, practically, particular, particularly, successful, successfully, abroad, 7) 常用名词：absence, accident, achievement, address, agreement, agriculture, industry, announce, announcement, anxiety, Asian, assistant, communication, competition, competitor, condition, contribution, conversation, exhibition, experience, graduation, library, music, musica, progress 【常用句型】1)一些常用开头语和结束语：Attention, please! /May I have your attention, please! I have something important to tell you./to announce. A party will be held/ There will be a party There will be a lecture given by All are welcome to Have fun! / Have a good time! / Enjoy yourself! Ladies and gentlemen, / Boys and girls, May I have your attention, please? / Attention, please! / Please be quiet! I have something important to tell you./ I am glad to tell you that We will (details) Please Dont Above all(requirements or advice) Thats all. Thank you. will organize This activity aims to / will organize with the purpose of This activity is arranged to last or so. It is planned to begin Your main task is to / You are expected to / You are supposed to Everyone who is welcomed warmly Those who are interested can contact for further information. Im looking forward to your active participation. (participate in)3、日记 一般是用来叙述一天生活中发生的重要事情，特别是那些具有教育意义或值得今后回忆、查阅或参考的事情的一种应用文体。日记的素材应是最有趣或最有感受的一些事情。体裁通常是记叙文或简单的议论文。英语日记的格式：一般是在正文左上角写明当天的日期(年、月、日)，星期几; 右上角写上当天的天气情况。下面一行可以写上日记小标题，也可以不写标题。英语日记的时态：写日记的时间，通常是在当天的下午或晚上，特殊情况下也可以是第二天补记，因此，所用时态多为过去时。但也应灵活掌握，如在说明天气、描写景色、议论某事、对话引语等情况下，也可以使用现在时，以表现当时的情景。英语日记的类型: 日记可分为记事、议论、描述及抒情等类型。记事 型日记，就是用英语记述当天自己生活、学习中发生的事情。议论型日记，就是对生活中的某一事情或情况、现象谈自己的看法，发表议论。描写型、抒情型，则是对某人物、事物的特征做细致的描述，或针对某事物抒发自己的感情。日记多是记录自己经历过的事情, 故多用第一人称。日记一般按事情发生的先后顺序记述，所以有时需要借助一些表示先后顺序的词语，如：at first, afterwards, then, later on, soon, finally, at last等，以便使文章连接紧凑，过渡自然。【写作模板】星期 年月日/年月日 星期 天气(如Sunday December 18, 2003/Dec. 18, 2003 Sunday ) （如Fine）正文_._._【必背词汇】above all, by accident ,be active in, add up to, admit ones mistake, take / follow ones advice, give advice on, advice sb to do sth, the day after tomorrow, after all, against ones will, at the age of, achieve ones aim, in the air, in the open air, at the airport, the fire alarm, be filled with anger, be angry at sth, be angry with sb, make an announcement, one after another, one another, each other, give no answer, be anxious about, be anxious to do sth, live apart, apart from, make/offer an apology to sb for sth, argue with sb. about sth, lay sth aside, ask sb for advice / help, be astonished at sth, at one time, pay attention to, take a correct attitude towards sth, attract ones attention, lie / swim on ones back, a bad cold, two pieces of baggage, keep / lose ones balance, at the ball, have / take a cold bath, be killed in battle, n the beach, make the bed, begin with, at the beginning of, from beginning to end, come into being, a safety belt, Second thoughts are best. do / try ones best, make the best of , all the best, in bold, be born in a peasants family, make a bow, use ones brains, break the record, take a deep breath, hold ones breath, out of breath, brush ones teeth, burst into tears, a burst of laughter, but for, a call for help, keep calm, keep quiet, keep still, keep silent, a summer camp, go camping, cannot help doing, play cards, take care of, medical care, in that case, in case, rain cats and dog, catch up with, by chance, free of charge, in charge, in the charge of, take charge, cheer up, in ones childhood, make a choice, at Christmas, go to church, cigarette end, give sb. a clap, get close to, a table cloth, a suit of clothes, childrens clothing, collect stamp, come about, come across, come up, in common, compete in a contest, give a concert, n condition that, congratulate sb. on sth, on the contrary, out of control, have a conversation with sb, in / during the course of, be covered with, be cross with sb. at sth, cross out, be cruel to sb. cubic meter, be curious about sth, do great damage to, in danger, out of date, the other day, be deaf to sth, deal with, in debt, out of debt, make a decision, do good deeds, do the deed, deep into the night, deep in thought, deep into the night, without delay, delay doing sth, deliver a speech, meet the demands, foreign language department, department store, beyond description, be determined to do sth, with the development of industry, devote oneself to, be in danger of dying out, make no difference, have difficulty in doing sth. be invited to dinner, in all directions, make a new discovery, under discussion, wash dishes, in the distance, be distant toward sb, do good to, do wrong, from door to door, next door, go downstairs, go downtown, drag ones feet, draw tears from sb. dream of doing sth, drill a hole in the wall, drive off, drive sb. Mad, earn money, earn ones living, on earth, take it easy, have a great effect on, make efforts to do sth, encourage sb. to do sth, make ends meet, a happy ending, English-speaking countries, enter oneself for a contest, the entrance to the theater, on New Years Eve, even if / even though, current events, have / take an examination, carry out a medical examination, pass an examination, set an example to sb do morning exercises, come into existence, carry / do / make an experiment, make an explanation, make a face, as a matter of fact, fail to do sth, fall behind, be familiar with sth, be famous for, be famous as, feel ones pulse, feel like doing sth, hurt ones feelings, the Spring Festival, have a high fever, at the foot of the mountain, make friends with, from the on, from time to time, No pains, no gains, play games, generation gap, get down to sth, get into trouble, have a gift for music, give out, take a glance at, go over the lesson, make mistakes in grammar, grasp ones meaning, keep off the grass, get into the habit of, by hand, hand out, on the one hand, on the other hand, do harm to 【常用句型】The reason why +句子 is that +句子(的原因是)So +形容词+ be +主词+ that +句子(如此以致于)Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be，S + V(虽然)The + er + S + V， the + er + S + V The + more + Adj + S + V， the + more + Adj + S + V (愈愈)By +Ving， can (借着，能够 enable + Object(受词)+ to + V(使能够)It is time + S +过去式(该是的时候了)On no account can we + V (我们绝对不能)Those who (的人)There is no one but (没有人不)be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V(不得不)It is conceivable that +句子(可想而知的)It is obvious that +句子(明显的)It is apparent that +句子(显然的)That is the reason why (那就是的原因)For the past +时间，S +现在完成式(过去年来，一直)Since + S +过去式，S +现在完成式It pays to + V (是值得的)be based on(以为基础)Spare no effort to + V(不遗余力的bring home to +人+事(让明白事)be closely related to (与息息相关)Get into the habit of + Ving = make it a rule to + V(养成的习惯)Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving，(因为)What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么!)Leave much to be desired(令人不满意)Have a great influence on (对有很大的影响)do good to(对有益)，do harm to(对有害)Pose a great threat to (对造成一大威胁)do ones utmost to + V = do ones best(尽全力去)Nothing is + er than to + V Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V cannot emphasize the importance of too much.(再怎么强调的重要性也不为过。)There is no denying that + S + V(不可否认的)It is universally acknowledged that +句子(全世界都知道)There is no doubt that +句子(毫无疑问的)An advantage of is that +句子(的优点是)4、 演讲稿演讲稿一般的基本要素如下：从大的方面看，英语演讲词实际上是属于一种特殊的说明文或议论文，其基本组成部分是：1)开始时对听众的称呼语最常用的是 Ladies and gentlemen，也可根据不同情况，选用 Fellow students, Distinguished guests, Mr Chairman, Honorable Judges(评委)等等。2)提出论题由于演讲的时间限制，必须开门见山，提出论题。提出论题的方法有各种各样，但最生动，最能引起注意的是用举例法。比如：你要呼吁大家关心贫穷地区的孩子，你可以用亲眼看到的或者收集到的那些贫穷孩子多么需要帮助的实例开始。另外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如：你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，你可以从举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。3)论证对提出的论题，不可主观地妄下结论，而要进行客观的论证。这是演讲中最需要下功夫的部分。关键是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法等等，可参见英语议论文的有关章节。4)结论 结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。5)结尾结尾要简洁，不要拉拉扯扯，说个没完。特别是不要受汉语影响，说些类似“准备不足，请谅解”，“请批评指正”这样的废话。最普通的结尾就是：Thank you very much for your attention。【写作模板】Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone, Its so nice to see all of you here. I feel honored to have the opportunity to give/ make/deliver you a speech on/ about. /Its a great pleasure for me to speak here. The topic of my speech is _./ Today I will talk about _. /Its nice to talk/speak about First of all_. Besides, _last but not least_./ To begin with,_. Secondly,_. Whats more,_. _-As far as I am concerned/ In my opinion,_ . From what have been discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that _ Thank for your attention/listening.【必背词汇】单词：The, after, Back, work, part, take, get, place, made, live, where, tree, him, two, has,Look, more, day, could, go, come, did, my, build, self, earth, father, head, stand, own, page, should, country, found, song, measure, state, product, black, short, numeral, class, wind, question, happen, complete, full, wheel, stay, course, nothing, lot, inch, street, fact, produce, about, light, ever, gave, make, thing, see, mother, world, near, direct, pose, leave, mind, behind, clear, cross, since, hard, start, might, story, saw, hour, better, true, during, hundred, am, remember, step, friend, began, idea, fish, mountain, north, once, base, cry, dark, machine, note, wait, plan, figure, star, hear, horse, cut, sure, watch, color, box, noun, field, rest, correct, able, wonder, laugh, thousand, ago, ran, check, game, shape, little, only, round, man, year, came, show, far down, side, been, now number, who, over, know, water, than, call, first, people, may, study, still, learn, plant, cover, food, sun, car, feet, care, second, group, carry, took, rain, eat, room, lead, unit, fly, certain, fine, town, power, fall, voice, notice, four，thought, let, half, rock, order, fire, south, problem, piece, told, knew, pass, decide, surface, deep, moon, island, foot, yet, busy, test, record, find, any, new, keep, eye, never, last, door, between, city, farm, top, whole, king, size, heard, best, boat, common, gold, possible, plane, age, dry, sea, draw, left, late, run, dont, while, press, early, hold, west, ground, interest, reach, fast, five, sing, yes, hot, miss, brought, heat, snow, bed, bring, sit, sound, no, most, answer, school, grow, ship, area, force, blue, object, name, of, very, to, through, and, just many, then, them, would, write, like, so, these, her, long, kind, off, need, house, picture, try, us, again, animal, point, red, list, though, feel, talk, bird, soon, body, dog, family, green, oh, quick, develop, sleep, warm, free, minute, strong, special, open, seem, together, next, white, children, begin, got, against, lay, war, toward, vowel