高一英语上学期秋季教材第七讲 非谓语动词之动名词.doc

中小学学法优化专家个 性 化 课 程 辅 导 教 案学员姓名科目年 级课时进度：授课时间课 时3课时授课老师教学课题第七讲 非谓语动词之动名词教学目标要求学生掌握动名词的定义，构成和用法重点难点动名词的用法教学内容第一部分：以思维导图复习近期知识重难点第二部分： 本次课主要内容Step1 定义V+ing构成, 既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称动名Step2 动名词的用法1动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词 + ing构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。1）作主语动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如：Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用It is 和There is 两种句式来表示。例如：It is no use sending him over. Its too late already. 派他去没用，已经太晚了。It is no use waiting for him any longer.等他是没有用的。It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。There is no joking about such matters.这种事开不得玩笑。There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。2）作定语 动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于的”或表示“处于某件事情中的”含义。例如：swimming pool 游泳池 reading material 阅读材料walking stick 手杖 floating needle 浮针 opening speech 开幕词 listening aid 助听器 waiting room 候车室 running water 自来水 developing countries 发展中国家 working people 劳动人民sleeping child 熟睡孩子3）作表语 动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如：His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词） 他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。Reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.（动名词）读书当然是学习，然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。Their task is exploring oil mines in the west. （动名词） 他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。 4）作宾语。如：He is fond of playing football. I like swimming. admit，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，dislike，enjoy，escape，excuse，face，feel，like，finish，forgive，give up，imagine，include，keep，mention，mind，miss，practise，put off，resist，risk，suggest，cant help（情不自禁），cant stand（无法忍受）等动词成词组后可以用动名词作宾语，但不能用不定式。forget，go on，mean，regret，remember，stop，try等动词或词组可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。Lets go on studying Lesson 6. （让我们继续学第六课。说明前面已学了一部分。）Lets go on to study Lesson 6. （让我们接着学第六课。说明前面已学了第五课。）I mean to come early today. （我打算今天早些来。）Missing the train means waiting for another hour. （误了这趟火车意味着再等一个小时。）在allow，advise，forbid，permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：We dont allow smoking here. We dont allow students to smoke. 动词need，require，want作“需要”解，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语表示事情需要做，这时，动名词的主动式表示被动意义。be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。如：The window needs/requires/wants cleaning/to be cleaned. Her method is worth trying. 在短语devote to，look forward to，stick to，to be used to，object to，thank you for，excuse me for，be(kept) busy，have difficulty/trouble/problem(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)，theres no use/good/need，feel/seem like/get down to等后的动词也必须用动名词形式，例如：I look forward to hearing from you soon. 在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。有时用动名词作宾语时，指一般情况，而跟不定式作宾语时指某一具体行为。start，begin，continue在书面语中多后接动名词，在口语中多后接不定式。但start和begin在下列情况下一般跟不定式作宾语：当主语是物而不是人时；当start或begin以-ing形式出现时，当后面作宾语的动词表示感情、思想或意念时。如：It started to snow. He is beginning to cook dinner. I began to understand what he meant. 在should(would) like/love等后须用不定式。5）动名词作状语 动名词作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动名词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。 Coming into the room, she saw everybody already at their work. (时间) 进屋以后，她看到人人都在工作。 Being ill, he couldnt go to school. (原因) 因为生病，他不能去上学。 Having no interest in the topic, he didnt go to the lecture. (原因) 由于对这个话题没有兴趣，他没去参加讲座。 Working diligently, you will certainly succeed. (条件) 只要刻苦学习，你会成功的。 Granting the achievements to be great, there is still something to be desired. (让步) (尽管)成绩是巨大的，(但)仍有一些要求改进的东西。 My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. (结果) 我的车被交通拥挤堵住，所以延误了。 Traveling by train, we visited a number of cities. (方式) 我们坐火车访问了好多城市。 Mary sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book. (伴随) 玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。第三部分：知识巩固、总结学生课堂表现课后练习1.No one enjoys _ at.A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughedD. to be laughed2.You must do something to prevent your house _.A. to be broken in B. from being broken inC. to break in D. from breaking in3.They insisted on _ another chance to try.A. givenB. givingC. being givenD. to be given4. - Where is my passport? I remember _ it here. - You shouldnt have left it here. Remember _ it with you all the time.A. to put；to takeB. putting；takingC. putting；to take D. to put；taking5.His room needs _, so he must have it _.A. painting；paintedB. painted；paintingC. painting；painting D. painted；painted6.After finishing his homework he went on _ a letter to his parents.A. writeB. writingC. wroteD. to write7.The young trees we planted last week require _ with great care.A. looking after B. to look afterC. to be looked after D. taken good care of8.Only _ English doesnt mean _ the language.A. to learn；to learn B. learning；learningC. learning about；learn D. learning about；learning9.She returned home only to find the door open and something _.A. missedB. to be missing C. missingD. to be missed10.She decided to devote herself _ the problem of old age.A. to study B. studying C. to studying D. study11.Remember _ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be put back12.As she is looking forward to _ from me, please remember _ this letter on your way to school.A. hear；post B. hearing；to postC. be heard；posting D. be hearing；to posting13.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble _ your handwriting.A. to read B. to see C. reading C. in seeing14.Writing stories and articles _ what I enjoy most.A. is B. are C. was D. were15.We appreciate _ us to the ball.A. them to inviteB. to invite C. their invitingD. being invited16.Would you mind _ quiet for a moment? Im trying _ a form.A. keeping；filling out B. to keep；to fill outC. keeping；to fill out D. to keep；filling out17.He was afraid _ for being late.A. of seeingB. of being seen C. to be seen D. to have seen18.Id like to suggest _ the meeting till next week.A. to put off B. putting off C. put off D. to be put off19.I dont see how I could possibly manage _ the work without _.A. finish；helping B. to finish；being helpedC. finishing；helping D. finishing；being helped20. Anything worth _ is worthy of _ well.A. doing；being done B. doing；doingC. to be done；to be done D. to be done；being done21. We advised them to take a re 159 st, but they insisted _ the work.A. finish B. to finishC. in finishing D. on finishing22. I delayed _ your letter because I had been away for a week.A. answe 1ab1 r B. answering C. writing D. to post23. The thief drove as fast as he could to escape _ by the police.A. to be caughtB. be caught C. being caught D. catching24. I searched for my wallet and it wasnt there. At first, I thought I _ it at home. Then I remembered _ it out to pay for the taxi.A. must have left；to take B. may leave；ta