教案 倒装.doc

高考语法复习倒装语序分为自然语序 (主语在前，谓语在后） 倒装语序（谓语在前，主语在后）倒装分为全部倒装（谓语动词全部提到主语前） 部分倒装（be/助/情提到主语前）全部倒装1 there be 句式是全部倒装，谓语动词就近原则。在there be (stand, lie, live, fly, exist, run)句型中(表示存在)：There stands a desk against the wall. There are some books on the table. Once upon a time there lived a man known whose name was Beef. There _ (lie) a lake in front of my house in the past .2 表示时间、地点、方位的副词位于句首时。Now，then / out , in , here , there , up , down , inside , outside , along , away, off, over, round, , east , west , south , north / thus 等，谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：Here comes the bus ./ There goes the bell ./ Here is your letter.Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead sat an old woman. Then came the chairman.例题：_ , with books under her arm .A Did the teacher come in B In came the teacher C Does the teacher come in D Came in the teacher 特别提示：当主语是代词是不倒装。如：Here you are ./ Here it is . Here he comes ./ Away they went.3 表示地点的状语或表语位于句首时的倒装为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将状语或表语置于句首，句中主语和谓语完全倒装:Among these people was his friend Jim. From the window came the sound of music . On the ground lies a man (whose leg is broken ) . By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.例题：Between the two buildings _ a hospital .A stand B stands C do stand D did stand 【注意】在表语置于句首的这类倒装结构中，要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：In the box was a cat. In the box were some cats. 4 分词和不定式置于句首的时候倒装有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的现在分词、过去分词或不定式置于句首，从而构成倒装：Buried in the sands was an ancient village. Standing beside the table was his wife. To be carefully considered _(be) the following questions. 5. such 位于句首时，谓语动词取决于后面的表语。 Such _ my plan . Such _ the results .部分倒装1 表示否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时。Not , never , hardly , little , seldom , rarely not until（主句倒装） , not only .but also. （not only 部分倒装） no sooner .than. ， Hardly/Scarcely .when . 一。就。In no way , in no case , at no time , by no means , under no circumstances 决不但是，in no time(立即，马上)位于句首时，其后无需用倒装语序：In no time he worked out the problem. Never have I seen such a performance.Not until twelve oclock did she go to bed last night .Not only did we lose all our money , but we lost our way .Never before _I heard the frightening story 例题1：In no way _ give up learning spoken English well.A we can B can we C did we D we did 例题2：Not only _more correctly, but _ more easily.不仅他讲得更正确，也讲得更不费劲了。A he spoke ; did he speak B did he spoke ; he spoke C did he spoke ; did he spoke D he spoke ; he spoke 例题3：Not until _ him a story _ .A did his mother tell ; the boy went to bed B his mother told ; did the boy go to bedC did his mother tell ; did the boy go to bed D his mother told ; the boy went bed 2 only + 状语位于句首时。但是only + 主语 不倒装。Only + adv / 介短 / 从句Only in this way can we solve the problem Only then _ I realize I was wrong Only when he left home _ how important the family was A he realized B did he realize C he had realized D had he realized 提示：Only + 主语 是为了强调，不引起倒装。Only you can persuade him to give up smoking .3 在虚拟语气条件从句中，如果省略if ，需把were ， had ， should 提前。If引导的条件从句主句与将来事实相反 与现在-与过去-Were I Tom(=If I were Tom), I would refuse. Had I realized that(=If I had realized that), I would have done something. Should it rain tomorrow(=If it should rain tomorrow), we would not go camping._ I done wrong , I would have apologized to you ._ you to tell us the way then, we _ easily now.A If ; get there B should ; would C Were ; would get there D Had ; would have done 4 当so ， neither ， nor位于句首时。 表示与上文具有相同的肯定情况时，用so 引起倒装。 表示对上文进一步肯定时，用so 不倒装。 表示与上文具有相同的否定情况时，用neither 引起倒装。Jenny has made great progress _. (是的，她是）_(你也是）I dont like rock music , _(我弟弟也不喜欢）If John doesnt go to the party , _A so will his wife B so his wife will C neither will his wife D nor does his wife 提示：当上文的谓语动词不一致，时态不一致或既有肯定又有否定时，不倒装，而用so it is with sb 或it is the same with sbJack is a student and he likes playing football.It is the same with John. 或 So it is with John .5 在so/such.that.句式中，当“so /such +.”的部分位于句首时。It is so fine that we feel like going shopping .=So fine _ that -Such is life that everyone can understand this. So cold was the weather that we had to stay at home. So fast does light travel that we can hardly imagine its speed.Such a loud noise _ that I couldnt make myself heard .A he made B did he make C he makes D does he make 6 many a“许多” 修饰名词位于句首时，句子部分倒装。Many a time has he given me good advice .7 用于表示祝愿及感叹的句子。例如: May you succeed !May you all be happy!祝你们大家愉快! What a powerful machine it is!这台机器功率真大呀! 8 as 引导的让步状语从句时。把表语，状语，动词原形提到句首，当表语是名词单数时，零冠词。A child as he is , he knows a lot .（改错）Much I respect him , I dont like him .Try as he might , he still fail to finish it .9. 涉及让步状语从句的五类倒装为了全面掌握让步状语从句的倒装用法，本文将这类语法现象归纳为以下五种句型： 名词+as / though+主语+动词King as he was(=Though he was a king), he was unhappy. 他虽是国王,但他并不幸福。Teacher though he is, he cant know everything. 他虽然是老师，但也不可能什么都懂。【说明】其中的动词通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的名词是其后连系动词的表语。另外，要特别注意位于句首的名词前习惯上不用冠词（零冠词），即使其前有形容词修饰也不用冠词。 形容词+as / though+主语+动词Successful as he is(=Though he is successful), he is not proud. 他虽然成功，但不骄傲。Improbable as it seems, its true. 虽然看起来不太可能，但却是真的。【说明】其中的动词也通常为连系动词，也就是说位于句首的形容词是其后连系动词的表语。 副词+as / though+主语+动词Much as I like Paris(=Though I like Paris much), I couldnt live there. 尽管我喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。He was unable to make much progress, hard as he tried. 尽管他努力了，却未能取得进步。 动词原形+as / though+主语+动词Object as you may(=Though you may object), Ill go. 纵使你反对，我也要去。Try as he might, he couldnt solve the problem. 尽管他想方设法，却未解决这个问题。Lose money as I did, we got a lot of experience. 钱虽然丢了，我们却得到了许多经验。【说明】主语后的动词通常为may, might, would, did 等情态动词或助动词(若表示情态意义，则选用情态动词；若陈述事实，则用did, do 等助动词)。 分词+as / though+主语+动词Raining hard as it is(=Though it is raining hard), Im going out for a walk. 虽然正在下着大雨，我还是要出去散步。Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we managed to march forward. 虽然我们被敌人包围着，但我们还是设法前进了。【三条补充说明】 这类倒装的让步状语从句可用as, though 来引导，但不能用although来引导；但是，未倒装的让步状语从句则可用though, although来引导，而不能用as来引导。也就是说，although引导让步状语从句时不能倒装，as引导让步状语从句时必须倒装，而though引导让步状语从句时可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：虽然很晚了，但我们还是继续工作。正：Late as though i