商务英语函电的重点.doc

商务英语函电的重点（仅供参考）一General principles that are applied to business.(7Cs)Completeness(完整); concreteness(具体)；clarity/clearness(清晰)；Conciseness(简洁)；courtesy(有礼貌)；consideration(考虑周到)；Correctness(正确)二、 The structure of business letters（写作要件）（前九个是基本要件，后三个是附加要件）1、letterhead(信头)；2、reference(发文编号)；3、dateline（日期）； 4、inside name and adress(封内名称和地址)；5、salutation（称呼语）； 6、subject line(主题)；7、body（主体）8、complimentary close（结尾敬语）；9、signature（签名）；10、enclosure（附件）； 11、carbon copy notation（抄送）；12、postscript（附言）三、 The formats of a business letter (商业信函的四种格式)1、 indented style(缩行式)；2、full block style(平头式)；3、modified block style（改良平头式）；4、semi-block style（混合式）格式：1：信头放中间，日期、结尾敬语、签名写在右边 2：信的每一个部分都是从左边顶格开始写的 3：把发文编号、日期、结尾敬语、签名放在中间偏右边 4：与3一样，除了正文每段缩进4-5个字母四、信封的写法 Intended style（缩进式）和Block style（平头式）左上角的是发件人的地址，右下角的是收件人的地址Intended style（缩进式）Hunan Foreign Trading Corp. 332 Wuyi Road 邮票 Changsha, Hunan, China Oversea Trading Co. Ltd, 224ParkStreet LONDON EC4 REDISTED EnglandBlock style（平头式） Oversea Trading Co., 24 Park street LONDON EC4 England Hunan Foreign Trading Corp. 332 Wuyi Road Changsha, Hunan, China Via Air Mail五、 包装的种类和目的包装的种类：large packing/outer packing（大包装/外包装）和small packing/inner packing（小包装/内包装）目的：Packing help promote sales, reduve warehousing cost, freight and damages, it also reflects a countrys achievements in science, technology, art and culture. The ultimate purpose of packing is to keep the transported goods in perfect condition with nothing missing on arrival.六、 How many categories of offers, and whats the difference between offers and quatation?1、An offer is a promise to supply goods on the terms and conditions stated, in which the seller not only quotes the price but also indicates all necessary business terms for the buyers consideration and acceptance.2、A quotation is a statement of the current price of an article that the seller intends to sell.3、A quotation can be regarded as an offer in simple form. Unlike an offer, a quotation is usually not legally binding upon the seller.七、还盘包含的内容：1、An expression of thanks for the offer;2、Reason fof inability to accept the offer;3、A counter-offer (your own idea including terrms and conditions acceptable, etc.);4、A wish of the counter-offer will be accepted (urging the reader to accept early);5、A wish of other business opportunities in future if necessary.八、一式几份的表达方式In duplicate（一式两份）；In triplicate(一式三份)；In quaduplicate(一式四份)； In quintuplicate（一式五份）；In sextuplicate(一式六份)； In septuplicate(一式七份) ；In octuplicate（一式八份）；In nonuplicate(一式九份)； In decuplicate（一式十份）；九、信用证涉及的当事人1、Applicant(开证申请人)；2、the opening bank or issuing bank(开证银行)；3、the beneficiary(受益人)；4、the advising bank or correspondent bank(通知银行)；5、the negotiating bank(议付银行)； 6、the reimburing bank(偿付银行) 十、包装中经常用到的有关包装容器的专业术语集中例举如下:Bag(袋)；sack（麻袋）; carton（纸箱）; case（箱子） box（盒）; crate（板条箱）; drum（桶）; bale（包）; can/tin（罐）; carboy（大玻璃瓶）; bundle（捆）; container（集装箱）; pallet（托盘）; tub（木桶）; polywod case(三和板箱); polyethylene bag(聚乙烯袋)十一、投保的英文表达方式：1、arrange insurance 2、effect insurance 3、take out insurance 4、cover insurance 5、provide insurance 6、attend to insurance 十二、翻译a) We are informing by the local shipping company that s/s “Browick” is due to sail from your city to our port on or about the 10th Sepetember and, if possible, please try your best to ship by that steamer(这道题就不提供答案了，大家自己写吧)b) 一些短语Ex/prep. 从；在交货；s.s. :steam ship 轮船；shipping container:船运集装箱；shipping mark：唛头；shipping order(装船单) 在你处：at your end; on your side; in your place OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer)原始设备制造商；定牌生产或授权贴牌生产，俗称加工贸易 不良包装的表达方式：poor packing; improper packing; faulty packing 货物抵达丝毫未损：in good condition;in perfect order Kinds of Marking(唛头的种类)：transport marks(运输标记)；directive marks(指示性标记);warning marks(警告性标记)十三、缩写F.P.A-Free from Particular Average平安险T.P.N.D-Theft Pilferage and Non-Delivery偷窃提货不着险W.A.P-With Particular Average水渍险PICC-Peoples Insurance Company of China中国人民保险公司IC-Intelligence Card智能卡 CIFcost，insurance and freightOEM-Original Equipment Manufacturer原始设备制造商M/T-Mail Transfer信汇 T/T-Telegraphic Transfer电汇D/D-Demand Draft票汇 D/A-Document against Acceptance承兑交单D/P-Document against Payment付款交单 B/L-Bill of Lading提单FCL-Full Container Load满箱货 LCL-Less than Container Load拼箱货十四、按保险金额的110%投保（三种）i. Insurance is to be covered for 110% of invoice value.ii. Insurance is to be covered for 110% above the invoice valueInsurance is to be covered at invoice value plus 10%.十五、保险的介词搭配（必考）Cover insurance on(说明投保的货物)；Cover insurance for 110% of the invoice value(说明投保的金额)；Cover insurance against All Risks(说明投保的险别)；Cover insurance at the rate of 5%(说明保险费率)；Cover insurance with the Peoples Insurance Company of China(说明向保险公司投保) 十六、包装标志 INFLAMMABLE每个标志的意思（按顺序）1、EXPLOSIVE 2、INFLAMMABLE