have,get,make和leave后作宾补的非谓语动词形式.doc

have，get，make，leave后作宾补的非谓语动词形式（要点精讲）一、have1have + sth. + done(1)表示“叫/让/请别人做某事”，动作的执行者不是主语，也不是宾语，而是别人。I will have my bike repaired this afternoon. 今天下午我要请人修理自行车。We have our office cleaned every weekend. 每个周末我们都让人打扫办公室。Youd better have your teeth pulled out. 你最好让医生把你的牙齿拔了。Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday. 史密斯先生在度假期间，他家的房子被人破门而入。(2)表示遭遇不幸事件，是句中的主语所经历的。He had his arm broken. 他的手臂摔断了。(自己的经历)He had his wallet stolen at the railway station. 他的钱包在火车站不幸遭窃。He had his pocket picked. 他的口袋被别人盗了。2have + sb. + do sth.表示“使/让/叫某人做某事”，动作的执行者为宾语。Ill have Bob call you back later. 我会让鲍勃稍后给你回电话。（call是由Bob执行）Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. 妈妈让我去商店里买点盐。（go是由me执行）The teacher had us clean up the classroom. 老师让我们打扫教室。（clean是由us执行）I had him arrange for a car. 我让他去安排一辆车。（arrange是由him执行）Please have him come here. 请叫他到这里来。（come的动作由him执行）注意：have sth. to do表示“有事情要做”。在此结构中，不定式作定语。如：Im sorry, I cant go out with you. I have an urgent thing to settle.我很抱歉，我不能和你出去。我有一件紧急的事情要解决。3have + sb./sth. + doing sth.表示“使某人/物一直处于某种状态”，动作的执行者为宾语，但是动词必须是延续性动词，后面常接一个时间段。He had her standing in the rain for two hours. 他让她在雨中站了两个小时。He had us laughing all through the meal. 他弄得我们整个吃饭时间都欢笑不止。注意：have sb. doing用于否定句时，其中have有“容忍”之意。I wont have you speaking to your dad like that. 我不能容忍你和你父亲那样讲话。I wont have you running around in the house. 我不允许你在家里到处乱跑。I wont have my son doing nothing. 我不会让我儿子什么都不做的。二、get1get + sb.+ to do sth.= have + sb. + do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，动作执行者是宾语，强调未来的动作。He got his brother to help him. 他让他兄弟来帮助他。I got him to stop smoking. 我让他停止吸烟。We couldnt get him to sign the agreement. 我们不会让他签署协议。I couldnt get the car to go faster. 我不能让汽车跑得更快一些。2get + sth. + done表示“让被做”，强调被动性的动作。He got his hair cut. 他理发了。（他的头发是被剪）I need to go to the dentist and get it fixed. 我需要去看牙医，把牙治一下。（牙是被牙医治疗）3get + sb./sth. + doing sth.表示“让某人/物一直”或“使某人/某物开始活跃或使某物开始工作”，强调已做或正在进行的动作。He got his bike running very fast. 他把自行车骑的飞快。Who can get the machine running? 谁能启动这台机器？三、makemake意为“使”，有轻微强迫之意。1make + sb. + do sth.表示“（迫）使某人做某事”，动作执行者是宾语，被动语态为sb. be made to do sth.。He made me laugh. 他使我发笑。被动语态为：I was made to laugh by him.2make + sb. + done表示“使某人被”，并强调动作的被动性，宾语为动作承受者。Please speak louder to make yourself heard. 请讲大声点以便你让别人听到。His honesty makes him respected. 他的诚实使他受人尊敬。四、leave1leave + sb. + to do sth.表示“让/留下某人做某事”，强调未来的动作。Leave him to do it himself. 让他自己做这个事情吧。We left him to paint the gate. 我们让他油漆这个门。Ill leave you to settle all the business. 我会让你处理所有的事物。2leave + sb./sth. + doing表示“让某人/某物继续处于某种状态”，这种状态一直持续，强调当时正在发生的动作。What he said left me thinking deeply. 他的话让我陷入深思。Dont leave her waiting outside in the rain. 不要让她一直在外面雨中等待。We left him painting the gate. 我们让他一直油漆这个门。3leave + sth. + done表示“使某事被做”，使处于某种被动的状态，并强调动作的被动性，宾语为动作承受者。We cant leave such an important matter unfinished. 我们不能让这么重要的事情半途而废。Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered. 如果你有任何问题没有被我回答，请谅解。（典例剖析）【例题1】(2016北京市海淀区高三期中考试)The firemen told us the great difficulty they had _ the fire _.Ato get; under controlBgetting; controlledCgot; controlledDgetting; to control【答案】B【解析】因为they had.是定语从句，代替difficulty的关系词that省略，因that在从句中作宾语可以省略。根据句型have difficulty (in) doing sth.可知，选项A和C是错的；又the fire与control是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。【难度】困难【例题2】(2013上海)The students are looking forward to having an opportunity _ society of real-life experience.AexploreBto exploreCexploringDexplored【答案】B【解析】句意：学生们正盼望着有一个去探索社会，获得现实生活经验的机会。本题中，动词不定式作opportunity的后置定语。可以直接记住搭配：have an opportunity to do sth.“有做的机会”。【难度】较难（精题精练）一、单项选择1(2016浙江省杭州市五校联盟高三第一次诊断考试)We will have six-day holiday during the coming APEC meetings _ traffic on the roads.Ato ease Beasing Cease Dhaving eased2(2016浙江省温州市三溪中学高三期中考试)Who would you like to have _ you to your room?Ashow Bshows Cto show Dshowing3(2013山东省济南市高三期末考试)They have already had some everyday words _ to the new edition of the dictionary.AaddingBaddCaddedDto add4(2013浙江鲁迅中学适应性考试)Chinese citizens are to have their fingerprints _ when applying for or changing their resident identity cards.ArecordBto record Crecording Drecorded5Rebecca was determined not to leave any task _ at the end of the day on Friday so she could thoroughly enjoy the weekend.AundoingBdone CundoneDdoing6Because of the complicated changes in the tax code, Mr. Myers decided to have his income tax statement _ by a professional.Apreparing Bprepare Cprepared Dwill be prepared7My wife wanted to have our son _ dinner for us, but I ordered a pizza instead.Acook Bcooked Ccooks Dto cook8Dont leave the engine _.Arun Bto run Crunning Dran9She always _ her children do what they want to.Alets Bmakes Cgets Dallows10When one leaves his car _, he assumes that the mechanic will repair the car well.Arepaired Bto be repaired Crepairing Drepair11Although her parents had said “no” for a long time, they finally _ her go to Europe alone.Aallow Bgot Clet Dmade12Professor Yu _ her students use a dictionary while they were taking the test.Amade Ballowed Cgot Dlet13Sally _ me take off my shoes before I went into her house. She said she wanted to keep the carpet clean.Alet Bgot Cmade Dhad14Sam really wanted a dog, but his parents wouldnt _ him have a pet.Aleave Bget Cmake Dlet二、用have，get，make的适当形式填空。(1)I couldnt _ my children to clean up their rooms.(2)Debbies husband hates the opera. But after days of nagging, she finally _ him to go see the new production of La Boheme.(3)Mr. Levine _ his secretary call Ms. Jackson and reconfirm their meeting on Thursday.(4)Tommy didnt want to go to his cousins birthday party, but his mom _ him go.(5)I cant believe she _ you look at her vacation pictures again last night. We have to look at those stupid pictures every time we go to her house.三、短文改错(2015浙江)下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写上该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass. I enjoy