非谓语动词.doc

5 Run for Dream ! 高中语法-非谓语动词非谓语动词 (不受人称和数的限制）非谓语动词主要包括不定式（to do）、现在分词(doing)和过去分词（done）。不定式 主动，将要，目的现在分词 主动，进行，伴随过去分词 被动，完成，状态1不定式和分词作状语的区别1）分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的或者意料之外的结果( only/surprised/astonished to do)They stood by the roadside talking about the plan. 他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。 （伴随）They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan. 他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。（目的）2）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。Seeing from the top of the hill, he finds the city so beautiful.3）过去分词作状语时，过去分词的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们的关系是被动关系。Seen from the top of the hill, the city is so beautifulGiven more attention, the trees could have grown better. 2 现在分词doing和过去分词done作表语的区别凡表示“令人的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in. . . ,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb. /sth. is interesting. 这类词常见的有：Her pleasing smile makes me pleased. His frightening look makes me eresting使人感到高兴- interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的- excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的- delighted感到高兴的 disappointing令人失望的- disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的- encouraged感到鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的- pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的- puzzled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的- -satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的- surprised感到惊异的 worrying令人担心的- worried感到担心的3 只能用现在分词doing作宾语的动词 忙着想象花费; 忍不住想要; 结束练习 be busy, imagine ,spend,cant help, feel like ,finish ,practice 错过建议; 保持介意; 值得考虑 miss ,suggest/advice, keep (on) , mind, be worth ,consider 承认推迟; 幻想原谅 admit,delay/put off,fancy,excuse/pardon 否定欣赏; 期待冒险 deny, enjoy/appreciate, look forward to, risk 禁止允许; 避免逃亡 forbid, allow/permit, avoid, escape 此to 非彼to look forward to doing sth. pay attention to doing sth. be used to doing sth. prefer doing sth to doing sth. devote to doing sth make a contribution to doing lead to doing stick to doing object to doing4 有些动词后使用现在名词doing和动词不定式to do作宾语的差别1）forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做） forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生） 2）remember to do 记住去做某事（未做） remember doing记得做过某事（已做） 3) regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 4) stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事 5）go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情） go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情） 6）try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法 7）mean to do打算，有意要 mean doing意味着 8）propose to do 打算（要做某事） proposing doing建议（做某事） 9）like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为;+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念 10）need, want, require, deserve +doing = + to be done 表被动 This desk needs repairing= This desk needs to be repaired.7. doing的有关句型1）Doing作主语，谓语动词用单数. Reading is an art. 阅读是门艺术。Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。2）It is + no use, no good（fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore. . . ）等名词+doing sth. It is no use crying. 哭没有用。It is no good objecting. 反对也没有用。It is a great fun playing football. 打篮球很有趣。It is a waste of time trying to explain. 设法解释是浪费时间。3）It is + useless（nice, good，interesting, expensive等形容词）+ doing sth. It is useless speaking. 光说没用。It is nice seeing you again. 真高兴又遇到了你。It is good Playing chess after supper. 晚饭后弈棋挺好。It is expensive running this car. 开这种小车是浪费。 1.Passeagers are permitted_only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A.to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried2.On hearing a phone call from his wife _she had a fall, Mr.Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. A. says B.said C.saying D.to say3._ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A. Translating B. Translated C. To translate D. Having translated4. Its important for the figures regularly.A. to be updated B. to have been updated C. to update D. to have updated5.Ladex doest feel like abroad.Her parents are old.A. study B. studying C. studied D.to study6.Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it could fly.A.keep B.kept C.keeping D.to keep7. an important role in a new movie,Andy has a chance to become famous.A.Offer B.Offering C.Offered D.To offer8.Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_nothing about the argument.A. says B: said C. to say D. saying9.The island,_to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined10.More highways have been built in China,_it much easier for people to travel form one place to another. A. making B. made C. to make D. having made11.Claire had luggage an hour before her plane left. A.check B.checking C.to check D.checked12.Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on your feet.A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept13. Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach to read fast.A. what B. who C. how D. why14. around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people. A. Gather B. To gather C. Gathering D. To be gathering15.Do you wake up every morning _energetic and ready to start a new day?A. feel B. to feel C. feeling D. felt16.More TV programs,according to government officials, will be produced peoples concern over food safety.A.to raise B.raising C.to have raised D. having raised17.The fact that so many people still smoke in public place _that we may need nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the riks of smoking.A.suggest B.suggests C.suggested D.suggesting18.Recently a survey _prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.Acompared Bcomparing Ccompares Dbeing compared19.The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen20. Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have21.Even the best writers find themselves _for words.A. lose B. lost C. to lose D. having lost 22.If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city _by their enthusiastic supporters.A. being cheered B. be cheered C. To be cheered D. Were cheered23.The ability _an idea as important as the idea itself A expressing B expressed C to express D to cover24.the players _from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game .A selecting B to selected C selected D having selected25.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces.A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break26. Look over there-theres a very long, winding path_up to the house.A. leading B. leads C. led D.to lead27. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams.A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. renmind28.The difference in thickness and weight from the earlier version makes the iPad 2 more comfortable .A. held B. holding C. be held D. to hold29.Tsinghua University, in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded30 The doctor examined the patient carefully, only_ she was not seriously ill. A. found B. to find C. finding D. to be found31 I really regret _to you, but at that time, I had no choice but _. A. to tell a lie; do so B. telling a lie ; to do so C. tell a lie; to do so D. telling a lie; do so32 _ everything into consideration, we decided not to buy the expensive computer. A. Taken B. Taking C. To be ta