人教必修3 Unit1 reading and comprehending导学案.doc

Unit 1 Festivals around the world 导学案Reading 导学案ComprehendingRead the passage and then answer the following questions.1. When does the Spring Festival usually take place?2. What do you do to celebrate it?3. What special food do you eat?4. What is the origin of the Spring Festival?5. Why is the Spring Festival such a big holiday in China?6. What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations?Students answers may vary, a reasonable answer is correct.7. What are festivals of the dead usually for? Festivals of the dead are for honouring or satisfying dead ancestors or others, who some people believe might return to help or harm living people.8. What makes autumn festivals happy events? Autumn festivals are happy events because people are thankful that food is ready for winter and the hard farm work is finished.9. What do people usually do at spring festivals? At spring festivals, people usually have dances, carnivals and other activities to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring.10. What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations? It is important to have festivals and celebrations so we can enjoy life/ be proud of our customs/ forget our work for a little while.11. Compare the festivals of the dead in Mexico, Japan and China. What things are similar? What things are different? The Chinese, Japanese and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to honour the dead. The Chinese and Japanese go to clean their ancestors graves, and the Mexicans offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. However, there are some difference. The Mexicans eat special food that looks like bones, something the Chinese and Japanese do not do.Further ReadingWhat festivals are mentioned in each paragraph?P1. celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn; celebrate when hunters catch animals.P 2. Festivals of the DeadJapan -ObonMexico-Day of the DeadAmerica-HalloweenP 3. Festivals to Honour PeopleDragon Boat FestivalColumbus Day(India)October 2P 4. Harvest FestivalsHarvest and Thanksgiving FestivalMid-Autumn festivalP 5.Spring festival Carnival Easter Cheery Blossom FestivalTrue or False1. The ancient people neednt worry about their food. 2. Halloween used to be a festival intended to honor the dead. 3. Qu Yuan was a great poet who people honor a lot in China. 4. Mid-autumn Festival is held to celebrate the end of autumn. 5. Easter celebrates the birth of Jesus. FTTFFLanguage Points1. starvevt.&vi. (使)饿死；饥饿；渴望，急需；饿得要死Shes starving herself trying to lose weight.她为了减肥而忍饥挨饿。常用结构：starve for渴望得到starve to death 饿死be starved of极需，缺乏starve sb. into sth./ doing sth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事The plants are starving for water.这些植物极需要水。They got lost in the desert and starved to death.他们在沙漠中迷了路而被饿死了。The engine was starved of petrol and wouldnt start.发动机缺油，发动不起来。联想拓展starvation n. 挨饿；饿死即学即用Many people death in the earthquake as a result of the delay of the supplies.A. were starved of B. starved to C. were starved D. starved for(2)用starve相关短语的适当形式填空 Thousands of people in Africa. These children are love.The people on the island fresh water since it hadnt rained for nearly half a year.解析: (1)选B。starve to death为固定搭配，意为“饿死”，符合句意。be starved of与starve for均为“渴望”之意。(2)starved to death/died of starvationstarving forwere starved ofIt is my belief that .我相信He has great belief in his doctor.他对他的医生无比信赖。She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝。即学即用用brief相关短语的适当形式填空He came to me I could help him. that nuclear weapons are immoral.The cruelty of the murders was .答案： in the belief thatIt is my beliefbeyond belief2. beliefn. C/U 信任；信仰，信心believe vi.&vt. 相信常用结构：have belief in sth./sb. 对某物/某人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心beyond belief 难以置信in the belief that . 相信3. gain n. 获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润vt. 得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达；（钟、表等）快He gained full marks in the examination.他考试得了满分。For the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is.她生平第一次明确地知道世界是多么大。 The company has made notable gains in productivity.该公司在生产能力方面已经有了明显的提高。 My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快5分钟。 易混辨析gain/win/get/earn/acquiregain指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而“获得”，所得到的东西常具有一定价值。 win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得”。 get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到”。 earn意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。 acquire意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。 即学即用 选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win）Im new in the job but I have already experience.Please me a glass of water.His perseverance him many friends and a gold medal.He up to $50,000 a year by writing stories.After six years study, he has a good knowledge of English.答案： gainedgethas wonearnsacquired4. awardvt. 授予，奖给(后多接双宾语，在多数场合下用被动形式be awarded);判定n.奖，奖品；奖金Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team.奖章授给了辩论队中的最佳演说者。He got the highest award in the contest.他得到了比赛的最高奖。易混辨析award/prize/rewardaward既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。 prize为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。 reward既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。 He won the award for the best student of the year.他获得本年度最优秀学生奖。 A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.奖品奖给了那个获得中奖号码的人。He received a medal as a reward for his courage.他得到一枚奖章，作为对他勇敢的奖励。 即学即用Three university departments have been $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.(200912江苏泰兴检测)A.Promoted B.includedC.Secured D.awarded解析:选D。考查词义辨析。promote 促进，提升；include包括；secure保证，使安全；award授予，奖给。根据句意“被奖励了600,000美元”可知，D项正确。5. admirevt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语，但不可以接宾语从句作宾语。admiration n. 赞美，钦佩；令人赞美的人或物admirer n. 钦佩者；羡慕者admire sb. for sth. 因某事钦佩或羡慕某人express admiration for sb. 对某人表示钦佩have great admiration for sb. 十分钦佩某人 in admiration of 表示钦佩with/in admiration 心怀钦佩地They admired our garden.他们羡慕我们的花园。I admire him for his success in business.我羡慕他事业有成。Arent you going to admire my new house?你难道不想夸夸我的新房子吗？联想拓展warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物rid sb. of sth.使某人摆脱/除去某物suspect sb. of sth.怀疑某人某事accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人某事demand answer of sb.要求某人答复ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙即学即用Stop looking in the mirror (自我欣赏).Visitors to Beijing usually (钦佩那里的警察).Our school is widely (羡慕) its excellent teaching .答案： admiring yourselfadmire the policemen thereadmired for6. remind vt. 提醒；使想起常用结构:remind sb. of/about sth. 提醒某人记住/想起某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事remind sb. that .提醒某人/使某人想起I reminded Gerald of his promise.我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。 Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。即学即用翻译句子 这些照片使我想起我的童年。请提醒我每天服三次药。答案： These photos remind me of my childhood.Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day. /Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.7. permissionn. U许可，允许permit vt. 准许，许可，允许n. 许可(证）；执照常用结构：with/without (ones) permission 得到允许/未经允许ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可give sb. permission to do sth. 允许某人做某事have ones permission 得到某人的同意即学即用 They entered the area (未经允许).You will need to obtain planning (许可证) if you want to extend your house.答案： without permissionpermission8. clothing n. (总称)衣服，服装UCheck your belongings and make sure you dont leave your articles of clothing behind.检查你的行李，不要丢下衣物。Food, clothing and shelter are everyones priorities.衣食住行是每一个人优先考虑的事情。易错辨析clothing/clothes/clothclothing是衣服、被褥的总称，为不可数名词；clothes指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等在内的具体的衣服，它没有单数形式，只能说many/some/a few clothes; cloth则指做衣服所用的布料，为不可数名词。 即学即用选词填空(clothing/clothes/cloth)The industry in this area has been going from strength to strength.Its cold outside. Youd better put on more .How much does it take to make a blouse for a girl?答案：clothingclothescloth9. take place发生；举行In the meantime, an economic crisis took place in that country.在此期间那个国家发生了经济危机。The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。联想拓展take ones place=take the place of .代替take the first place 获得第一名 in place of 代替易错辨析take place/happen/break out/occurtake place 通常表示计划、安排之内的“发生”。happen指事情偶然的发生，常带有未能预见的含义；另外，还有“碰巧”之意。break out指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发。occur指按计划发生，常指（某想法、某事）出现在某人的头脑中。常见结构：It occurs/occurred to sb. that表示“某人想起某事”。It occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.我想起了我忘了带钥匙。 即学即用完成句子 It was in the church that their wedding (举行).Will you attend the meeting (代替) me? (请就座), please! Were ready to start.Its hard to find a man to (代替) the present manager.Liu Xiang (获得第一名) in the 110m hurdle race. 答案：took placein place ofTake your place/seattake the place oftook the first place10. in memory of=to the memory of 纪念；追念Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people.很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建的。联想拓展in honour of 为了纪念；向表示敬意in praise of 歌颂；称赞in favour of 赞同, 支持in charge of 负责in need of 需要；缺少in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有即学即用 This monument was built the little hero.A. in place of B. in search ofC. in memory of D. in need of用由“in+n.+of”构成的短语填空A monument was set up (纪念) the dead soldiers.He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业) (怀念) his late wife.If you are (需要) anything, dont hesitate to let me know.In the discussion, I was (支持) Mr Li.解析: （1）选C。考查短语辨析。句意为：这座纪念碑是为纪念那位小英雄而建的。in place of 代替；in search of搜寻；in memory of为纪念;in need of需要。 （2）in memory/honour ofin memory ofin need ofin favour of11. dress updress作“打扮自己或打扮某人”讲，与介词as/like连用或用于dress up as sb./dress up for sth.结构。We are supposed to dress up as movie characters for the party, what a novel idea! 我们在晚会上要装扮成电影中的角色，这是一个多么新奇的主意啊！They dress up for the occasion.为了参加这个活动，他们都穿上了盛装。She dress up in Elizabethan costume for the fancydress ball. 她穿上伊丽莎白一世时代的服装去参加化装舞会。联想拓展be dressed in 穿着衣服be dressed as 打扮成be well dressed 衣着讲究dress oneself 穿衣，打扮dress sb. 给某人穿衣服即学即用即学即用 in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dressC. Dressing D. Having dressed解析:选A。be dressed in .穿着的衣服，表示一种状态。 12. play a trick/tricks on sb.搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑The children played a trick on their teacher on April Fools Day.孩子们在愚人节那天捉弄了他们的老师。Remember not to play any tricks on the disabled.记住不要戏弄残疾人。联想拓展play a joke on sb. 开某人的玩笑 make fun of sb. 取笑某人laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人 smile at sb. 向某人微笑make a fool of 愚弄;嘲笑 即学即用用适当的介词填空 Tom liked making fun others in public.Its bad manners to laugh the disabled.These boys like playing tricks their teacher.He smiled me when he heard my funny answer.答案：ofatonat 13. look forward to期待某事做某事(to为介词，后接名词或动名词)We should look forward to the futurity.我们应该展望未来。I am familiar with his work and look forward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation.我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文艺创作方面发表自己的见解。联想拓展带有介词“to”的短语可用下面这两句话帮助记忆：习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物，这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道。不喜欢这种事实的人谈到此事时，总期待着增添自己的努力使它开始改变。 习惯于be (get) used to，坚持stick to，反对object to，导致lead to，献身于be devoted to，被宣判为be sentenced to，喜欢prefer.to，谈到come to，期待look forward to，增添add to，开始get down to。即学即用(1)单项填空She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to her. A.See B.have seen C.seeing D.be seeing (2)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 The boy hurried forward (see) the worldfamous oil painting because he had been looking forward to (see) it for a long time. The day I had been looking forward to (come). I used to (get) up late, but now Im used to (get) up early. 解析: (1)选C。句意为：她盼望他归来，就如同他想见到她一样。as引导的是省略句，完整的句子是：as he himself is to looking forward to seeing her。此处分析句子结构，同时熟知look forward to的用法即可突破。(2)to see; seeingcameget; getting14. turn up出席(某活动)(常用于口语);出现;找到;把(收音机等的)音量调大一些(其反义短语是turn down)；到场Im sure your watch will turn up one of these days.我担保你的手表准有一天能找到。We invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up.我们请她吃饭她都不露面。I cant hear the radio very well; could you turn it up a bit?我听不太清楚收音机,你把声音调大点行吗?联想拓展turn against 反对；背叛turn down （音量等）调小；拒绝turn off 关掉turn on 打开；发动turn out 结果是；证明是turn to sb. for help 向某人求助turn away 走开;转过脸去;把打发走turn in 进入；交出；上交turn over 打翻；移交；反复考虑turn into把变成即学即用(1)单项填空He promised to come yesterday，but he hasnt yet. A. turned in B. turned upC. turned on D. turned out(2)用适当的介词或副词填空 Its half past ten, but he hasnt turned yet.Its wrong to turn our motherland.Please turn the radio a bit; Im doing my homework.(3)用turn相关短语的适当形式填空Dont worry. The file is sure to .Please the television a bit, I cant hear it clearly.It that it was Tim who broke the vase.The sad child his mother for comfort. 解析: (1)选B。考查短语辨析。turn in 进入；交出；上交；turn on打开；turn out 结果是。均不符合句意。turn up 出现。(2)upagainstdown(3)turn upturn; upturned outturned to15. keep ones word守信用；履行诺言；word意为“诺言”时，是不可数名词，不可以用复数形式，其前面不可以用冠词修饰。You should keep your word once you make it.你一旦许诺就要遵守诺言。You promised you would take the children to camp so you must keep your word.你答应过要带孩子们去野营，所以你必须信守诺言。联想拓展break ones word 食言 get in a word 插嘴 in a/one word=in short总而言之 in other words 换句话说 word for word 逐词have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with sb. 与某人争吵word came that .有消息传来即学即用She said she wouldnt do it, and she did keep her .A. Words B. word C. customs D. apology解析:选B。句意为：她说她不会做那件事的，她确实履行了她的诺言。keep ones word 意为“履行诺言”。word意为“诺言”时，为不可数名词。16. set off 出发；动身；使爆炸What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?你打算明天几点钟启程?The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了6个人。联想拓展set off for a place 出发到某地set about doing sth.开始（某工作）；着手做某事set out 从某地出发上路set out