英语词缀练习.doc

表示“向后，相反，不” reflect 回想;反射(re+flect弯曲反弯曲反射) retreat 后退,撤退(re+treat拉拉回来撤退) retract 缩回;收回(re+tract拉拉回,缩回) resist 反抗,抵抗(re+sist站反着站反抗) 表示“一再，重新” reappear再出现（re+appear出现） rearrange重新安排（re+arrange安排） reassure消除某人疑虑（re+assure放心） reclaim取回,回收（re+claim喊喊回来取回，引申为开垦荒地） recommend赞扬；推荐（re+commend赞扬一再赞扬） 句型：(1)And its bigger, although its more expensive.(2)Can you try to get them to bring down the price?(3)You might not be able to.until three days.(4)Its much easier to make plans for your trips.(5)I prefer horse-riding to shooting.(6)After that more and more countries joined in the game.(7)They do their best to win medals.(8)The place I used to go to is 7 kilometres away.(9)the same as./the same. As.考点精析与拓展1.bring短语归纳bring down(风)刮倒，降低（降落）；bring up 养大，呕吐；bring about带来，引起；bring along捎来，带来，bring back 归还；bring out 拿出；bring in 赚（钱），带进，传入；bring on 端上（饭菜），引起（火灾），使成长；He felt terribly ill and brought _ what he ate.Surely the new railway will bring _ many changesin this less developed area.Next time you come to China, be sure to bring _your friends.All the library books must be brought_ before June20.Selling newspapers brings _ enough money for myschooling.Enough water can bring the rice _ .Key: up about along back in on2.动词 + upgo up(物价等)上涨，上升；build(up)ones health使身体强壮；turn up 出席，到场，开大音量；divide up 分配；分给；set up 建立；come up走近，发芽；pick up 拾起，用车接，收听（节目）;send up发射；get up 起床；grow up 长大；look up仰望，查阅；eat up 吃光；drink up喝光；use up用光；stay/sit up熬夜；give up放弃；take up占空间，从事，开始干；keep up保持，继续；put up举起，建起；hang up挂起来；hold up举起；join up 连接起来；rise up奋起反抗；move up向前移动；lift up扶起;do up包，捆；hurry up赶快；call up 打电话；break up拆散，破裂;make up组成，化妆，编造；bring up抚养大；dress up打扮；add up加起来；warm up变暖，热身。物价在天天上涨。Prices are_ _ day after day.衣服常常挂在火炉附近。The clothes are often_ _ near a fire.妈妈的把孩子扶起来，领走了。The mother_ the baby_ and took him away.他到乡下呆了一段时间，身体好了起来。He went and stayed in the countryside for a period of time and _ _ _ _.Key: going, uphung, uplifted, upbuilt, up, his, health4.change1)用作动词表示“改换，更改”change ones clothes换衣服；Change places with me, please.请和我换一下座位。表示“换车”Passengers to London will change at this station into another train.到伦敦的游客在此站换车。表示“兑换钱”She changed her money before going abroad.出国前她已将钱兑换妥当。表示“改变”I have made up my mind and nothing will change it.我主意已定，什么也无法改变。用于change into,表示“变成”Ice changes into water rapidly on a hot day.热天里冰很快就化成水。用于o,表示“ 把变成”We can change water into steam by heat.我们可以通过加热把水变成蒸气。用于change.for,表示“把换成（替代）”change it fora bigger one把它换成大一点的；用于change from.to, 表示“由变成”change from ice to water由冰变成水。2) 用作名词：用于make a change,表示“修改，改变”，a 可换成any,some,no.如：We have made some changes in our plan for travel.我们把旅行计划作了一些修改。The poem seems perfect. We wont make any change这首诗看来很完美，我们不会再作任何修改。与take place连用，表示“发生变化”Great changes have taken place in my hometown.我的家乡发生了很大的变化。表示“零钱”，不可数Do you have any change on you?你身上有零钱吗？应用单句改错I seldom carry changes with me. Youve to change your note in a bank.Your coat is too old. Change it into a new one ,please.In autumn the leaves change green to brown.Some change are to be made in the report.Key: 改changes为change改into为for在change后加from改change为changes疑问词 +不定式what ,how, when,where,whether,which等疑问词 + 不定式构成的短语相当于名词从句，多用在ask,decide,know, tell, explain, find out, consider, wonder后作宾语，可以改换成相应意义的宾语从句对比:Please show us how to use it./Please show us how we will use it.请为我们示范一下如何使用。We dont know whether to accept his invitation./We dont know whether we should accept his invitation.我们不知道是否应该接受他的邀请。Therere so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind_ to buy.A what B.which C.how D.whereLast summer I took a course on _.A.how to make dresses Bhow dresses be madeC.how to be made dresses D.how dresses to be made Key:B A.prefer宁愿，更喜欢1)接名词、代词Which do you prefer, rice or bread? I would prefer rice.米饭和面包你更愿意吃什么？我宁愿吃米饭。2)接不定式Jake preferred to have some Chinese food.杰克更喜欢吃中餐。3)接动名词I prefer doing some writing in my spare time.我更喜欢业余时间写点什么。4)跟不定式的复合结构I should prefer you not to stay there too long.我希望你不要在那里呆太久。5)接that从句（从句中用should型虚拟语气）We prefer that we (should)have the discussion after the lecture.我们宁愿一听完课就讨论。6)用于特殊句型：preferto宁愿不愿，与相比更喜欢（后接名词、代词、动名词）I prefer popular songs to folk songs.和民歌相比我更喜欢流行歌曲。She prefers singing to dancing.跳舞和唱歌她更喜欢唱歌。prefer-rather than宁愿而不愿（prefer后接带to 的不定式，rather than后省略to）I prefer to write my letter rather than type it. 我宁愿写而不愿打印这封信。7)注意点prefer后接to,不使用than. 由于 prefer本身含“比较，更”之意，不用more,most修饰。误：Which do you prefer most? 正：Which do you prefer?误：I prefer tea more to coffee. 正：I prefer tea to coffee.Rather than_on a crowded bus,he always prefers_aBicycle. A.ride, rode B.riding, ride C.ride, to ride D.to ride, ridingThey would prefer_ with them. Key:C BA.her not going B.her not to go C.she didnt D.she not to go-ing或-ed结尾的形容词由-ing或-ed结尾的分词转化来的形容词，其意义不同。由-ing结尾的通常表示“某事/物令人感到”；而-ed结尾的则表示被修饰词自身的感受。常用的有：exciting令人激动的；excited 激动的，兴奋的；astonishing 令人惊讶的；astonished 惊讶的；deighting 令人高兴的；delighted高兴的；disappointing令人失望的；disappointed感到失望的；encouraging令人鼓舞的；encouraged 受到鼓舞的；frightening令人可怕的；frightened吓坏了的；interesting令人感兴趣的；interested感兴趣的；moving动人的；moved受感动的；pleasing令人满意的；pleased满意的；shocking令人震惊的;shocked感到震惊；tiring使人疲备的；tired 疲劳的；worrying令人担心的；worried 担心的；satisfying 令人满意的；satisfied感到满意的The young lady stood_ for a moment when she saw a beggar before her suddenly.A.surprising B.to surprise C.surprised D.having surprisedShe took a deep breath to calm herself,but her voice still sounded_.A.excitement B.excitedC.exciting D.excitedlyHe had spent a _ day.A.more worry B.most worryingC.more worrying D.more worriedThe tiring trip made all of us rather_.A.tiring B.tired C.tire D.to be tiredKey:C。主语是人。B。句子的涵义是：Her voice showed that she was still excited.C B1. If_, well go.A.necessary B.being necessary C.to be necessary D.it necessary解析：此题考题“it+形容词或分词”作状语的结构。在英语中由if it is+adj引起的条件从句可以省略it is,直接用“if+adj或分词”的结构来代替类似的用法是when和while引起的时间从句中也可用“when/while+adj或分词”来代替“when/while it is.句型”。本题答案为A。点评：解这类题时应注意“if/when/while+adj/分词”在句中应作状语，如用作其他成分不一定成立。又如：When possible,Ill help you with your English.While waiting for you, I read newspapers.2.At what time shall we_?A.reach B.arrive C.get to D.arrive in解析：此题考查reach, arrive,get to等词的用法。reach是一个及物动词，get to 也是一个及物动词短语，表示“到达某地”时后面都应该加上一个宾语。而arrive 是一个不及物动词，后面可以不用宾语，如表示到达某地则用arrive in/at。本题答案为B。又如：They arrived in Beijing yesterday.3._to call.A.You are enough B.You are so kind C.Its very kind of you D.Its kind for you解析：此题考查it is+adj+of/for sb.to do sth. 的结构。在“it is+adj+of/for sb.to do sth.”的结构中。介词的使用很容易出现差错。一般来说如形容词是用来修饰人、表示人的特性特征的话用介词of ,如形容词是用来修饰to do sth.的话用介词for。故本题答案用C。又如: It is important for them to get up early in the morning.It is necessary for us to learn computer.4.Is this factory _ he worked in last year? A.that B.which C.the one D.where解析：此题考查的是定语从句的用法。定语从句是本单元的重点语法内容。定语从句应有先行词，但本句话没有先行词，故本题正确答案为C。点评：解这类题时，有的学生会将this factory 当作先行词而误用that或which,但本句为一般疑问句，因此this factory 为主句主语。若将此句改为Is this the factoryhe worked in last year?则用that或which.5.This is the library_ we can borrow books.A.which B.that C.from which D.in which解析：此题考查的是定语从句中关系代词的用法。关系代词在句子中的选择要根据先行词在从句中的作用（即充当的句子成分）来决定。其基本规律是先行词在从句中作主语或宾语时用that/who 或 which,作介词宾语时用介词+which或介词+whom（人）。本句意思是“我们可以从这家图书馆借到书。”故用介词+which(物)。所以本题答案为C。点评：学生在答题时，一定要牢记定语从句的先行词在从句中一定要充当一个句子成分从而选择正确的答案。21.Take your time-its just_ short distance from here to_ restaurant.A.不填；theB. a; theC. the; aD.不填；a解析：B.考查冠词。句意：慢慢来，从这儿到旅馆只是一小段距离。diastance 表一段距离用a, 如固定搭配 from a distance of., 第二个空the restaurant 是两人都知道的事物，是特指。22.-Im sorry I broke the vase. -Oh,_. It wasnt very expensive.A. youd better notB. Im afraid notC. as you wishD. thats all right解析：D.考查交际用语。句意：对不起，我打碎了花瓶。-哦，没关系，它不很贵。根据句子情境上下文，用来回答sorry.其他选项不符合英语表达习惯A.“你最好别那样做”。B“我恐怕不是这样”C“正如你期待的”23.Find ways to praise your children often,_ youll find they will open their hearts to you.A. tillB. orC. andD. but解析：C.考并列连词用法，分析前后分句逻辑关系，是条件或假设关系，而且“祈使句+and/or/otherwise”固定句型所以选C.24.The two girls are so alike that strangers find_ difficult to tell one from the other.A. it B. them C, her D. that解析：A。考查固定句型。句意：这两个小女孩如此相像，以至于很难辨别出彼此。此句式it 做形式宾语的结构如下find/make/consider/suppose等+it+adj/n+to do/that.。25.They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic.A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out 解析：B.考查短语意义辨析。句意：他们加宽大桥以加速交通流量。A.意为“推迟” C意为“打开”D.意为“计算出，做出”。26.Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is_ her never finishes anything.A. that B. when C. where D. why 解析：D。考查表语从句。句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is.”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。27.Look over there-theres a very long, winding path_ up to the house.A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead解析：A。本题是考察非谓语动词“leading up to”做定语修饰“Path”，意味“通向房子的路”。而且leading up to the house可以换成“which leads up to the house”和“ path”是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。B 不是非谓语动词，C为过去分词表示被，而 “lead to”这个短语只有主动用法，D不定式表将来未发生。28. He had his camera ready_ he saw something that would make a good picture.A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that 解析：C。考查状语从句引导词。句意“他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物。”in case 为“以防；以免”even if为“即使”if only 为“如果”,so that “为了，以便”。29.-Are you going to Toms birthday party? -_.I might have to work.A. It dependsB. Thank youC. Sounds greatD. Dont mention it解析：A。此题为考查交际用语。句意“-你要去参加汤姆的生日聚会吗？-看情况而定。我可能得工作。”根据回答的后半句推测句意选A.C为“听起来不错”,用于接受某人的提议 D为“不用提了”用于回答别人说“thank you”.30.Im sorry I didnt phone you, but Ive been very busy_ the past couple of weeks.A. beyondB. withC. amongD. over解析：D。考查时态。通过前半句“Ive been very busy”现在完成时，可知搭配用的时间状语为“在过去的几周里”，固定搭配用介词“over the past couple of weeks=in the past couple of weeks”.31.When I got on the bus, I_ I had left my wallet at home.A. was realizingB. realizedC. have realizedD. would realize解析：B。此题考查时态。根据前半句“when I got on the bus”为明确的过去的时间状语，因此和一般过去时搭配。32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other.A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that解析：D。此题考察定语从句的引导词。句意：“这个老城镇拥有建的彼此靠近的狭窄的街道和狭小的房屋”。定语从句中缺少主语指物，因此用 that 。33.Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it.A. whereB. whatC. whetherD. which解析：选C.此题考查宾语从句的引导词。根据句意“我们提供给她了这份工作，但我不知道她是否会接受”。whether “是否“， where “哪里“what “什么”，which “哪个“。34. Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship解析：A.考查词汇意义。句意“在我们办公室有一个长期以来形成的做法是当时某个人的生日的时候，他们会拿来一个蛋糕来分享”A “tradition”C belief or custom passed on in this way; any long-established method, practice, etc 传统的信仰和风俗; 长期以来形成的方法 做法等。balance cu天平；平衡，concern “担心；担忧；关心”，relation “关系；亲戚“ 。35. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the child _ everything! A. had been eating B. had eaten C. have eaten D. have been eating解析：B.此题考查时态。句意“她吃惊的发现冰箱空了；这个孩子吃掉了所有的东西！”。据前半句可知，孩子吃掉东西这个动作是发生在“was surprised”之前，因此用过去完成时。21. for the fiest week in Jace.-_. The hote;s busy thenA. No pro blem B. Dont hother C. Never mind D. It doesnt matter22.-Its said John will be in a job paying over 860,00 _ year- also get paid by _ week.A. the; the B. a; the C. D.a;a23._ be the postman at the door, Its only sis oclock.A. mustnt B.cant C.wont D.neddnt24.-The film is , I have to say, not a bit interexting.-Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B.much less interestingC. no more interesting D.any less interesting25.Why dont yoo bring _ to his attention ill to work on?A. that B.it C.his D.him26.The villagers have already known _ do is to rebuild the bridge.A.this B.that C.what D.which27.The haouse was too expensive and too hig._ . Id grown fond of our little rented house.A.Besides B.Therefore C.Somchow D.Otherwise28.We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injuryA.will put B. will have put C. would put D. would have put29.Please my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenierA. B.howeve C. D. wherever30.We hrrived at word in the morning are _ into the offtive during the night.A.broke B. had broken C.has broken D.was breaking31.Whats the_, in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself?A.sympathy B.theme C.object D.point32. a call from his wife _ she had a fall, Mr, A. B.said C.asying D.to say33.She has tried her best. Please dont be too _ about her job.A.sprcid B.responsible C.unitsual D.particular34.She showed he visitors aroond the museum,the comtruction_ bad takend more than threeA. B.with which C. D.to which35. You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.A.run out B.break out C.work out D. put out.22 答案：B考点：考察冠词解析：前一句句意为据说john将会有一份年工资超过60000美金，表时间单位每年，冠词a，后一句说没错，他也将会以每周的方式得到薪水。By后面接具体的计量方式用定冠词the。23 答案：B解析： mustnt 绝不可能，cant 不可能 wont 不可能，neednt 不需要。根据后一句中现在仅仅是六点，only一词肯定语气强烈，前一句为门外的绝不可能是邮递员 24答案：C解析：程度副词可修饰形容词比较级，放于比较级前。而根据句意前一句说这部电影一点也不有趣。后一句进行反问为什么？我觉得他比我之前看的任何电影都有趣多了。正选A。 25答案：B解析：it作形式宾语指代句子后面that引导的宾语从句，为什么你不让他注意到你病得太严重了以至于不能工作。26 答案：C考点：考察宾语从句和主语从句。解析：村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。 27 答案：A考点：考察连词用法解析：句意为这个房子太贵太大。 ，我已经对我的小的租用房越来越感兴趣了。根据前后句判断出为并列关系。Besides 此外，表并列，therefore 因此，表因果，somehow 无论如何，表转折，otherwise 除此之外，表转折。选A。28 答案：B考点：考察虚拟语气。解析：不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把john的名字放进昨天的比赛名单中。Would have done表本应该做而没有做。选B。 29 答案：A考点：考察从句连接词解析： whenever无论何时，however然而 whichever任何一个 wherever 无论哪里。请打电话给我的秘书安排今天下午的会议，或者在任何你方便的 。关系副词在后句中充当状语，根据语境可知是指时间，选A。30 答案：B考点：考察时态语态。解析：我们在早晨到达工作地点是发现已经有人在前一天晚上闯进了办公室。两个时间点表示过去的过去，用过去完成时，选B。 31 答案：D考点：词义辨析解析：sympathy同情，theme 主题，object 物体，point意义。句意为你认为如果他没有作出努力去帮助自己而去帮助他的意义是什么？选D。 32 答案：C考点：考察非谓语。解析：在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒的时候，他立刻从办公室冲回家。非谓语动词修饰phone call，前后动词的动作在同一时间发生，表主动进行用现在分词的形式。 选C。 33 答案：D考点：考察固定搭配。解析： be particular about 对挑剔。她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。选D。34答案：C.考点：考察定语从句解析：先行词为museum，在从句中充当定语，博物馆的建造工程花费了超过三年的时间介词用of。选C。 35 答案：C.考点：考察动词词组。解析： run out 耗尽 break out 打破 work out 算出，实现 put out 扑灭。你不能语言一切事情。事情常常不会像你期待的那样实现。选C。21.You park here! Its an emergency exit.A. wouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt22.The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money me.A. by B. for C. in D. with23.He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found of them again.A. neither B. either C. each D. all24.The book has been translated into thirty languages since it on the market in 1973.A. had come B. has