郑荣--人教版八年级下册英语课程标准细化.doc

Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、单元话题：谈论身体的健康状况和遇到的事故二、单元语言与知识目标：让学生学习身体各部位的英文名称、表示生病或不适的名词和一些表示身体感觉的形容词。三、单元方法与技能目标：通过听说读写的训练，帮助学生熟练掌握询问和描述身体不适的基本句型“Whats the matter? I have a cold. / I have a sore back.” 以及针对他人的健康问题和出现的一些事故用should或shouldnt提出合理建议的基本句型“You should lie down and rest. You shouldnt eat so much next time. He should see a dentist and get an X-ray. I think you should lie down and rest. ”四、单元情感目标：通过对健康问题的谈论，提高学生解决问题的能力，巩固所学知识，同时让学生懂得我们应该关注身体健康，面对健康问题和事故，能够做出正确的决定，并能积极帮助别人。The First Period (Section A 1a-2d)一、 Knowledge Objects:(1) Function: Learn to describe and talk about the health problems and accidents. Learn to give others some right advice according to their problems.(2) Key Vocabulary:Matter ,sore ,throat ,stomachache ,foot ,neck ,fever ,lie ,rest ,cough ,toothache ,headache ,have a sore back ,have a stomachache ,have a cold ,lie down ,see a dentist ,get an X-ray ,take ones temperature ,have a fever ,have a headache ,take breaks ,in the same way ,go to a dentist(3) Target Language: Whats the matter? / I have a stomachache. / I have a sore back. / I have a cold. She has a very sore throat. My head feels very hot. What should I do? I think you should lie down and rest.(4) Structure: have a + the names of the illness should + v.二、 Ability Objects:Enable students to talk about health problems and give advice with the language points.三、 Moral Objects:(1) Improve the cooperative spirit through pair work and role playing.(2) Students care more about themselves and their family members health.The Second Period (Section A 3a-4c)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn and master how to talk about the health problems and accidents. Learn and master how to give some right advice to others with the target language.(2) Key Vocabulary:Passenger, trouble, herself, get off, to ones surprise, agree to, thanks to, in time, think about, get into trouble, fall(3) Target Language: Whats the matter with Ben? He hurt himself./ He has a sore back. Do you have a fever? Yes, I do./ No, I dont. Does he have a toothache? Yes, he does. You shouldnt eat so much next time. What should she do? She should take her temperature. Should I put some medicine on it? Yes, you should./ No, you shouldnt.(4) Structure: “should/ shouldnt +v.” for suggestion Reflexive pronouns.二、Ability Objects:(1) Enable students to understand the passage about the accidents.(2) Enable students to practice reading and writing the language points.三、Moral Objects:Educate students to care about and help the people in trouble.The Third Period (Section B 1a-1d, Self Check)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about different accidents and health problems. Learn to give some right advice according to different accidents and put them in order.(2) Key Vocabulary:Bandage, knee, nosebleed, hurt, hit, nurse, put on, get hit, hurt oneself(3) Target Language: Put a bandage on it./ Run it under water./ Rest for a few days./ Put your head back./ Put on a clean T-shirt. Someone felt sick./ Someone cut his knee./ Someone has a nosebleed./ Someone hurt his back./ Someone got hit on the head.(4) Structure: the way of talking about accident; should/ shouldnt +v.二、Ability Objects:(1) Enable students to describe different accidents and health problems.(2) Enable students to give some right advice according to different accidents.三、Moral Objects:Be kind to others and give others more cares.The Fourth Period (Section B 2a-3b)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn and master how to talk about the health problems and accidents. Learn and master how to give some right advice to others with the target language.(2) Key Vocabulary:Ourselves, risk, almost, situation, kilo, rock, knife, off, blood, mean, importance, decision, control, spirit, death, mountain, climbing, be used to, take risks, because of, run out, cut off, get out of, make a decision, be in control of, keep on, have a accident, give up(3) Key Sentences: As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. But when his water ran out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life. His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after his experience. Aron did not give up after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.(4) Structure: be used to doing sth. keep on doing sth. so that二、Ability Objects:(1) Enable students to find the order of events and understand the passage by reading.(2) Train students reading and writing skills.三、Moral Objects:Educate students not to give up and learn to make right decisions when they are in trouble.Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks.一、单元话题：志愿活动和慈善事业。二、单元语言与知识目标：整个单元围绕与我们生活密切的志愿活动展开生动、活泼的对话和阅读，通过听力、口语、阅读训练，帮助学生熟练掌握和使用相关句型。三、单元方法与技能目标：通过谈论志愿活动和提供帮助，是学生掌握动词不定式作宾语、状语和宾语补足语，情态动词could用来表示建议和一些提供帮助的动词短语的用法。四、单元情感目标：通过一系列活动，让学生能够正确谈论自己帮助别人的方式，培养学生的语言应用能力、合作能力和创新能力，增强学生的实际交际能力，引导学生积极参与志愿活动，学会关注社会、关注他人，鼓励他们从现在做起，从小事做起，投身于社会公益事业，成为一个有爱心的公民。The First Period (Section A 1a-2d)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about offering help.(2) Key Vocabulary:City, cheer, volunteer, notice, lonely, clean up, cheer up, give out, used to, come up with, help out, care for(3) Target Language: I hope to work outside. You could help to clean up the city parks. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean- up day. Im making some plans to work in an old peoples home this summer. Oh, what did they ask you to help out with?(4) Structure: Infinitives as object, adverbial and object complement. Modal verb “could” for suggestions. Phrasal verbs.二、Ability Objects:(1) Train students to express offering to help with the target language.(2) Train students listening and speaking skills.三、Moral Objects:(1) Learn to pay close attention to the society and care for others.(2) Offer help to the others as much as possible.The Second Period (Section A 3a-4c)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about offering help.(2) Key Vocabulary:Several, feeling, satisfaction, joy, owner, journey, sick, raise, alone, at the age of, try out for, be busy with, be worried about, put up, call up, put off, hand out(3) Target Language: Marico believes it can help him to get his future dream job. She decided to try out for a volunteer after- school reading program. She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.(4) Structure: Infinitives as object, adverbial and object complement. Phrasal verbs.二、Ability Objects:(1) Train students to express offering to help with the target language and structure.(2) Enable students to understand the passage about volunteer.(3) Enable students to practice reading and writing with the language points.三、Moral Objects:(1) Enable students to pay close attention to the society and care for others.(2) Enable students to form a positive attitude to help others.The Third Period (Section B 1a-1e, Self Check)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about offering help.(2) Key Vocabulary:Repair, fix，wheel, run out of, take after, fix up, give away, be similar to(3) Target Language: Ive run out of it. I take after my mother. What do you do, Jimmy? I fix up bikes and give them away.(4) Structure: Phrasal verbs.二、Ability Objects:(1) Train students reading, writing, speaking and listening skills with the target language.(2) Train students to use the new phrasal verbs.三、Moral Objects:Come up with a good idea to help others. It will bring you much enjoyment.The Fourth Period (Section B 2a-3b)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about offering help.(2) Key Vocabulary:Letter, miss, blind, deaf, imagine, difficulty, open, door, carry, train, excited, training, kindness, clever, understand, change, disabled, strong, sir, madam, set up, make a difference(3) Target Language: Id like to thank you for sending money to Animal Helpers. Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.(4) Structure: Infinitives and phrasal verbs.二、Ability Objects:(1) Enable students to master the phrasal verbs and understand the main idea of the passage by reading.(2) Train students reading skills like predicting.三、Moral Objects:(1) Know how to care about others and offer help to those who need help.(2) Be grateful for the persons who have ever helped them and know how to express their gratefulness.Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、单元话题：家务和允许。二、单元语言与知识目标：提出礼貌的请求和请求允许。三、单元方法与技能目标：要求学生学会使用句型Could you please?和Could I?来委婉的提出请求或征求别人的许可以及如何有礼貌的拒绝别人并表达自己的理由，陈述自己的好恶。四、单元情感目标：通过本单元学习，帮助学生掌握情态动词could的用法和助动词do的用法，引导学生热爱劳动，学会使用礼貌用语。同时帮助学生了解西方在这些方面的文化差异，增强他们在日常生活中的沟通和交际能力。The First The First Period (Section A 1a-2d)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to make a polite request and ask for permission.(2) Key Vocabulary:Rubbish, fold, sweep, floor, mess, take out the rubbish, do the dish, fold ones clothes, make ones bed, sweep the floor, stay out, get a ride(3) Target Language:Could you please sweep the floor?-Yes, sure.Could I use your computer?-Sorry, Im going to work on it now.(4) Structure: Could for polite requests. Could for permission.二、Ability Objects:(1) Be able to understand and master the conversations about making a polite request and asking for permission.(2) Enable students to make a polite request and ask for permission.三、Moral Objects:(1) Let students know that its always right to be polite.(2) Chores are part of fun in life.The Second Period (Section A 3a-4c)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to make a polite request and ask for permission.(2) Key Vocabulary:Throw, neither, shirt, pass, borrow, lend, finger, hate, while, all the time, in surprise, hang out(3) Target Language: Could you please take the dog for a walk? Could I watch one show first? For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I. Could I borrow that book?(4) Structure: Could for polite requests. Could for permission.二、Ability Objects:(1) Be able to understand the passage and learn to make a polite request and ask for permission.(2) Enable students to practice reading and writing with the target language.三、Moral Objects:(1) Educate students to love their parents.(2) Share the housework can make the house clean and comfortable.The Third Period (Section B 1a-1e, Self Check)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to make a polite request and ask for permission .(2) Key Vocabulary:Snack, go to the store, invite sb. to do sth.(3) Target Language: Could you clean your room?-Yes, I can. Could I invite my friends to a party?-No, you cant have a party.(4) Structure: Could for polite requests. Could for permission.二、Ability Objects:(1) Be able to understand the passage and learn to make a polite request and ask for permission.(2) Teach students to talk with people in a polite and proper way.三、Moral Objects:Educate students to love their parents and help parents to do the housework.The Fourth Period (Section B 2a-3b)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about offering help.(2) Key Vocabulary:Stress, waste, provide, anyway, depend, fairness, since, neighbor, result, ill, drop, fair, a waste of, in order to, do chores, depend on, as a result, take care of, agree with(3) Target Language: They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into good university. Also, when they get older, they will have to do housework so theres no need for them to do it now. Children these days depend on their parents too much. Doing chores helps to develop childrens independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.(4) Structure: Could for polite requests. Could for permission.二、Ability Objects:(1) Enable students to understand the main idea of the passage by skimming.(2) Enable students to express their different opinions about doing chores.三、Moral Objects:Housework is a big work to do, so students should help parents to do the housework.Unit 4 Why dont you talk to your parents?一、单元话题：谈论遇到的问题和提出建议。二、单元语言与知识目标：谈论学生生活中遇到的种种麻烦和问题，以及为自己和他人的问题找到解决方法，提出相应的建议。三、单元方法与技能目标：要求学生学会使用情态动词could和should和句型Why dont you? Whats the matter? Whats worry? What should I do? You should/ could等谈论自己在生活、学习中存在某些问题，向别人征求意见或提出建议。四、单元情感目标： 通过本单元学习，帮助学生掌握情态动词could和should的用法以及提出建议的方法，培养学生主动解决问题的意识和能力、在交流中寻求帮助、坚持自己的观点、提出和听取别人建议的能力，进一步发展学生与人和谐交往的技能。The First Period (Section A 1a-2d)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about problems and give advice.(2) Key Vocabulary:Allow, wrong, guess, deal, allow sb. to do sth. Get into a fight with, be angry with, work out(3) Target Language: Why dont you go to sleep earlier this morning? What should I do? You should call him so that you can say youre sorry. Why dont you forget about it? Although shes wrong, its not a big deal.(4) Structure: Modal verb “could” and “should” Why dont you? Conjunctions “until” , “so that” and “although”.二、Ability Objects:(1) Be able to talk about their own problems and troubles.(2) Be able to find out the right solutions to the other students problems and give them advice.三、Moral Objects:(1) Learn to think of themselves and care for others through discussing problems together.(2) Develop the spirit of cooperation and optimistic attitude of students.The Second Period (Section A 3a-4c)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about problems and give advice.(2) Key Vocabulary:Relation, communication, argue, could, elder, instead, whatever, nervous, offer, proper, secondly, communicate, explain, clear, copy, return, get on with, offer to do sth. Communicate with, in future, be afraid of, not any more(3) Target Language: My problem is I cant get on with my family. Why dont you talk about these feelings with your family? If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication.(4) Structure: Modal verb “could” and “should” Why dont you? Conjunctions “until” , “so that” and “although”.二、Ability Objects:(1) Enable students to talk about problems and use “could” and “should” to give advice according to the situations.(2) Enable students to understand the passage about talking about problems and giving advice.(3) Enable students to practice reading and writing with the language points.三、Moral Objects:Learn to face and solve the problems in a positive attitude.The Third Period (Section B 1a-1e, Self Check)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about problems and give advice.(2) Key Vocabulary:Member, pressure, compete, compete with, save money(3) Target Language: My parents give me a lot of pressure about school. I have to compete with my classmates at school.(4) Structure: give advice by using modal verbs “could” and “should”二、Ability Objects:(1) Help students learn how to talk about problems and use “could” and “should” to give advice and tell the reason.(2) To improve students ability of analyzing and solving problems.三、Moral Objects:To teach them to understand help others when they are in trouble.The Fourth Period (Section B 2a-3b)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about problems and give advice .(2) Key Vocabulary:Opinion, skill, typical, football, continue, compare, crazy, push, development, cause, usual, perhaps, cut out, compare with think for oneself, keep on doing sth. Worry about(3) Target Language: However, the tired children dont get home until after 7:00 p.m. In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older. People shouldnt push their kids so hard. Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a childs development. Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too.(4) Structure: give advice by using modal verbs “could” and “should”二、Ability Objects:(1) Enable students to talk about their problems and find out some ways to solve their problems.(2) Learn to use the context to help guess the meaning of words and improve students reading skills.三、Moral Objects:Learn to relax and plan things for themselves.Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、单元话题：难忘的事情二、单元语言与知识目标：学会过去时态三、单元方法与技能目标：要求学生掌握如何用过去时态谈论过去发生的有趣事情。四、单元情感目标： 通过本单元学习，激发学生热爱生活、热爱学习、享受生活的情趣。The First Period (Section A 1a-2d)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Function: Learn to talk about past events and tell a story.(2) Key Vocabulary:Rainstorm, suddenly, alarm, begin, strange, go off, take/ have a shower, pick up, make sure(3) Target Language: What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm? So, when the rainstorm suddenly came, what were you doing? While you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me. When you called, I was having a shower.(4) Structure: Questions and statements with the past progressive tense. Conjunctions “ when” and “while”.二、Ability Objects:(1) Learn and master the past progressive tense.(2) Be able to talk about past events using the target language.(3) Learn and practice adverbial clauses with “ when” and “while”.三、Moral Objects:(1) Encourage students to observe the things around them carefully and find out the beauty of life.(2) Develop the spirit of cooperation and the optimistic attitude.The Second Period (Section A 3a-4c)一、Knowledge Objects:(1)Functio