体系--环境因素识别和评价.doc

科技有限公司 文件编号文件名称版 本A0发行日期环境因素识别和评价程序页 次12/12执行日期制定部门版次修订理由与内容摘要修订页次修订日期修订人A0整合体系文件，新版发行All会 签 栏总经理室行政部资讯部厂务部人力资源部财务部关务部计划部采购部生产部项目部质量部研发部工程部市场部WLO工程部核准审核编制1.目的为了准确地识别、评价适用于本公司的环境因素和评定重要环境因素，并对其进行管理，控制其对环境的影响。This procedure is established to identify and evaluate accurately environmental aspects of our company in order to manage and control those aspects which have actual or potential significant impacts upon the environment.2.范围本程序适用于公司所有的活动、产品、服务中环境因素的识别、评价、变更与管理。This procedure is applicable to the management of environmental aspects identification, evaluation, change and updating relating to all activities, products and service within all areas and departments.3.名词解释3.1环境因素Environmental aspect: 一个组织的活动、产品或服务中能与环境发生相互作用的要素。 Element of an organizations activities, products or services that can interact with environment 3.2重要环境因素Significant environmental aspect: 指具有或能够产生重大环境影响的环境因素。A significant environmental aspect has or can have a significant environmental impact3.3环境影响 environmental impact: 全部或部分地由组织的环境因素给环境 造成的任何有害或有益的变化。 Any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organizations environmental aspects.3.4环境目标 environmental objective: 组织依据其环境方针规定的自己所要实现的总体环境目的。 Overall environmental goal, consistent with the environmental policy, that an organization sets itself to achieve.3.5环境指标 environmental target: 直接来自环境目标，或为实现环境目标所需规定并满足的具体的绩效要求，它们可适用于整个组织或其局部。 Detailed performance requirement, applicable to the organization or parts thereof, that arises from the environmental objectives and that needs to be set and met in order to achieve those objectives.3.6相关方 interested party: 关注组织的环境绩效或受其环境绩效影响的个人或团体。 Person or group concerned with or affected by the environmental performance of an organization.3.7环境绩效 environmental performance: 组织对其环境因素进行管理所取得的可测量结果。注：在环境管理体系条件下，可对照组织 的环境方针、环境目标、环境指标 及其他环境绩效要求对结果进行测量。 Measurable results of an organizations management of its environmental aspects. NOTE In the context of environmental management systems, results can be measured against the organizations environmental policy, environmental objectives, environmental targets and other environmental performance requirements.3.8环境方针 environmental policy: 组织 对其环境绩效的总体意图和方向所做的正式阐述。注：环境方针为采取措施，以及建立环境目标 和环境指标 提供了一个框架。 Overall intentions and direction of an organization related to its environmental performance as formally expressed by top management. NOTE: The environmental policy provides a framework for action and for the setting of environmental objectives and environmental targets.4.职责4.1各部门负责本部门环境因素的识别。Each department is responsible for identification environmental aspects of the departmental scope.4.2质量部协助环境管理者代表负责各部门环境因素的汇总，并组织评价，评定出重要环境因素。QA Dept. is responsible to assist EMS MR organize the departments to identify, evaluate and update environmental aspects, and determine significant aspects and relevant actions.4.3总经理负责对各部门提交的重要环境因素清单的审核、批准。GM review and approve the significant environmental aspects.5.作业流程图流 程 图相关部门相关表单备注环境因素初评确定重要环境因素重要环境因素评价 NGOK重要环境因素控制优先控制次序评定环境因素更新各部门质量部环境管理者代表各部门环境管理者代表/各部门环境管理者代表环境因素登记表重要环境因素一览表优先行动鉴定表环境因素登记表重要环境因素一览表6.作业程序6.1环境因素的识别 Environmental Aspects Identification6.1.1识别环境因素时，必须考虑：过去、现在、将来三种时态；The three tenses past, present and future should be considered when identify environmental aspects.6.1.2识别环境因素时，必须考虑:组织内的正常和异常运行条件以及可能发生的紧急状态三种状态。The three status as normal, abnormal and emergency should be taken into considered when identify environmental aspects.6.1.3必须考虑公司的活动、产品、服务过程中产生的废气、废水、噪声、固体废弃物、土地污染、原材料与自然资源的使用以及当地环境问题与社区问题。Air pollution; waste water; land and earth pollution; use of raw materials and nature resources; use of energy, energy emitted; waste and byproducts, physical attributes (size, shape, color, appearance) and other environment problem such as local environmental and community problem should be taken into considered which result in the process of activities, product and service of the organization.6.1.4识别环境因素时，应考虑已纳入计划的或新的开发、新的或修改的活动、产品和服务等因素； Planned or new developments, or new or modified activities, products and services related factors should be taken into account when identify environmental aspects. 6.1.5识别环境因素时法律法规及其他要求有明确规定的。The specific requirement of legal and other requirement should be considered when identify environmental aspects.6.1.6上级环保部门要求识别的因素；对相关方环境方面有投诉的因素。The requirements from superior environmental protection institution and complaint and information of interested party should be taken into account when identify environmental aspects.6.1.7其他组织能够控制和可能施加影响的环境因素。Other environmental which the organization can control or influent should be considered.6.2环境因素的识别方法 Method of environmental aspects identification识别环境因素时，可运用头脑风暴法、生命周期分析的方法，对公司的产品、活动和服务进行物料平衡对比，现场观察，生产流程分析，测试测量、统计分析等方法识别环境因素。When identify environmental aspects, the applicable methods should be adopted based on the brain storming and the condition such as the input-output balance methods, life-cycle analysis, location observation, production process analysis, measurement and statistics method etc according to the activities, product and service of the organization.6.3 环境因素的调查和汇总 Environmental aspects investigation and summary6.3.1各部门根据环境因素识别的要求以及从投入、过程和输入的方法识别活动、产品和服务中对现场活动产生的实际存在或潜在的环境因素进行识别，并提交至部门负责人审核，合并后形成环境因素登记表，并进行保存。Each department and process owner identify actual and potential environmental aspects from input, process, output relating to the activities, service and product of the location according to the requirements of environmental Aspects Identification clause, and submit to departmental supervisor for review and summarize into .6.3.2环境管理者代表组织各部门对各个环境因素登记表进行汇总、分析、评价，形成公司的环境因素清单并记录到环境因素登记表上。EMS MR organizes related departments to summary, analysis and evaluates environmental aspect, then record in .6.4 重要环境因素的评定 Assessment of significant environmental aspects6.4.1公司各部门成员组成小组作为环境因素评价小组评价环境因素。Team is established by the departmental member as environmental aspects evaluation team. 6.4.2评价小组按环境因素评价准则，对上述环境因素评价。The team members evaluate the environmental aspects according to . 6.4.3环境因素评价准则Environmental aspects evaluation criterion:a)名词定义DefinitionER：风险评价（Evaluation Risk of environmental aspects）评价因子C：事件发生的严重性（Consequences of environmental aspects）评价因子O：事件发生的可能性（Occurrence of environmental aspects）评价因子D：事件发现的可能性/可侦测性（Detection of environmental aspects）b)评分准则1)事件发生的严重性评分基准Consequences evaluation criterion* of environmental aspects程度Grade分数Score评 分 基 准 Evaluation criterion对周围环境影响范围及关注程度Impact & response对人体的影响Impact to people环境影响可恢复或持续性Influence restorability & persistence发生的废弃物Waste material排放与法规标准值（X）Emission & effluent standard能 源Energy很高Awfully910重大地区性破坏，社会关注的Regional destructionSocial focus on对人体有很大影响，可造成器质性病变Affect disease catastrophic, or organic change不可恢复Un restitution量非常多/危险废弃物Huge or dangerous goodsX90%主要能源，技术上财务上节能可行，有较大意义A mass of energy-saving高High78较轻的地区性破坏，地区性一般关注Lesser regional destructionSocial pay attention to对人体造成较大影响，对人体外表（如皮肤等）有直接影响Impact people seriously, infection the complexion长期影响半年以上可恢复Long-period impact & persistence over 6 month危险废弃物Dangerous goods80%X90%主要能源，节能相对可行Could save energy中等General56对现场环境影响较大，现场受到关注Impact on-site excessive, focus on-site会对人体造成伤害，对人体器官具有潜在影响Affect disease, or organic change potentially影响较大，一月至半年内恢复Great influence, comeback less than 6 month量多，一般废弃物Raff, general waste material50%X80%一般性能源，比重小，节能可行Energy-saving rate lower低Low34对现场环境影响较小，不为关注的Lightness impact on-site, no care对人体危害较低，感官上不舒服Lightness affect to people, uncomfortable环境影响较小，1天至1周可恢复Influence little, comeback less than 1 week量少，一般废弃物Small volume waste material30%X50%一般性能源，比重小Energy-saving rate small很低A little12几乎无影响Nearly no impact对人体几乎无影响Almost no affect环境影响较小，1天内可以恢复A little influence, comeback within 1 day量很少，一般废弃物A little waste materialX30%一般性能源，比重极小Energy-saving rate very little注：满足评分基准的任何一项即可给予相对应的分数值。Meet the evaluation criterion should get the score.2)事件发生的可能性评分准则Evaluation criterion of occurrence of environmental aspects程 度Grade分 数Score评 分 基 准Evaluation criterion很高Frequent5连续发生至每日一次continuous daily高High4每日一次至每周一次Daily to weekly中等General3每周一次至每月一次 Weekly till monthly低Low2每月一次至每年一次Monthly till yearly很低A little1一年以上时间一次 More than 1 year3)事件发现的可能性/可侦测性评分准则Evaluation criterion of detection of environmental aspects程度Grade分数Score评 分 基 准Evaluation criterion很低A little5监测站监测才能发现Detect by monitoring station only低Low4具有环工背景的内审员才能发现Discover by professional中等general3一般内审员才能发现Find by auditor高High2主管检查发现Dig out by supervisor很高Affirmation1员工凭常识或目测即能发现Discover by staff or visual 4)风险评价分数计算公式Calculate formula of evaluation risk:ERC（OD）6.4.4 环境因素按两组评价因子分别评分：the environmental aspects will be evaluated by two group evaluation factors:第一组因子：发生的概率；发生/预防的可能性；影响程度。对这三项分别打分，然后计算ER得分即为此因素的第一组评分。First group factors: frequency, occurrence /preventive possibility and impact degree (severity), and score the three item and calculate the ER scored degree as the evaluation score of first group. 第二组因子：法规的符合性；监控措施；事故/投诉方面考虑，以符合（T）、不符合（F）为此因素的第二组评分。Second group factors: Related to the legal conformity, monitoring and accident/complaint, T as true mean meet the requirement, F as false means can not meet the requirement, the scored degree as the evaluation score of second group.将第一组评分和第二组评分对应填入环境因素登记表中。The scored degree of two groups are corresponding according to . 6.4.5发生以下各类情况可直接评价为重大环境因素 the following condition can be evaluated as significant environmental aspects directly:1)涉及能源资源消耗的环境因素，在评价时应考虑实际消耗量和改造工艺可节约的程度，通过加强管理或工艺改造有明显节约效果的环境因素，可直接列为重要环境因素。The environmental aspects relating to resource and energy consumption which is evaluated basing on consumption quantity and saving degree of reconstruction and can gain remarkable effect in saving by enhancing management and technique improvements can be regarded as significant environmental aspects directly:2)监测发现不符合相关法律法规的部分或法规符合性判为F,其相应的环境因素直接列为重要环境因素。The environmental aspects which are not align with legal requirements in monitoring or F can be regards as significant environmental aspects directly:3)一旦发生，会直接造成爆炸、火灾或人员伤亡的重大环境事故的环境因素直接列为重要因素。The environmental aspects which will result in directly explosion, fire or personnel injury or death or other significant environmental accidents can be regards as significant environmental aspects directly:4)发生的可能性性大于等于9 Severity of the occurred incident =9 5)风险评价结果大于等于60 ER=606.4.6评价出的重要环境因素登录于公司的重要环境因素一览表，经总经理批准后发放到相关的职能部门。The determined significant environmental aspects should be recorded in and approved by GM. The list should be issued to related departments.6.5重要环境因素的管理与控制 Management and control of Significant Environmental Aspects 各部门根据其所涉及的环境因素和重要环境因素采取如下措施和途径进行控制和管理：Related departments adopt following actions to control and manage the environmental aspects and significant environmental aspect involved:l 制定相应的环境目标、指标及管理方案；setup environmental objectives, targets and programs;l 配置相应的治理设施；configure necessary infrastructurel 制定相应的管理规定或作业指导书；establish management regulation or WI;l 制定相应的应急计划和响应措施；planned emergency preparedness and response action;l 加强环境管理培训，提高全员的环境意识；enhance environmental management training to improve environmental awareness of the employee;l 制定和实施日常监测和检查制度。Establish and implement daily monitoring and check mechanism6.6优先控制次序评定 Priority Control Assessment 6.6.1质量部负责根据已评价出的重大环境因素，对重大环境因素的优先控制次序进行评定，主要考虑公司的运营情况及环境因素的重要性，。QA Dept. assesses the control priority of the evaluated significant environmental aspects considering the organization operation situation and importance of the environmental aspects.6.6.2从运营情况看，可综合考虑利害相关方的关心度、财务方面考虑（改善环境因素所需花费的成本）、技术方面考虑（环境因素改善的困难度），对这三项分别打分，然后三项相乘得分即为此项评分。确定重大环境因素的优先控制次序。Regarding operation situation, the interested part concern degree and finance aspects (cost on improve environmental aspects), technical aspects (technical difficulty on improving environmental aspects)，score the three item and multiply as the evaluation score of this item. Sequence from high to low should be taken into account to determine the control priority of significant environmental aspects1) 利害相关方的关心度the interested part concern degree:5分score：可能立即被关闭或被迫停工；Could be close or shut down;2分score：偶有抱怨，但无大碍；Complain, but not so serious;1分score：非关注的事项。Do not care.2) 财务方面(改善环境因素所需花费的成本)考虑finance aspects (cost on improve environmental aspects)：5分score：改善成本在10万元以上。Cost more than RMB100,000.2分score：改善成本在1-10万元以内；Cost between RMB10,000100,000.1分score：改善成本在1万元以下。Cost no more than RMB10.0003) 技术方面(环境因素改善的困难度)考虑technical aspects (technical difficulty on improving environmental aspects)：5分score：目前内部人员无法克服，必需借助外来的专业技术或目前的技术无法解决Could not solving by internal people, need help outside or no idea dependence technical till now。2分score：能够实施，但需要停产2天以上。Could be implement, but should stop working more than 2 days.1分score：改变容易，不停产或停产在1天以内。Implement easily, or stop working within 1 day.6.6.3按照得分从高到低确定优先级。列为优先控制的重要环境因素应立即采取有效控制措施，制定环境目标指标和管理方案，或编制控制程序对其进行控制。如果某一环境因素不符合环保法规要求或当外部相关方关注的，也应列为第一级优先控制重要环境因素。具体按环境目标、指标和管理方案控制程序实施。Control priority should be settlement by the score from high to low. Significant environmental aspects assessed should take effective control measures by environmental objectives, target and management program or setup procedures as per . The significant environmental aspects which is not consist with environmental protection regulation or concerned by external interested party should be regarded as first priority. 6.6.4因种种原因不能采用建立环境目标，指