倍数的用法 CD+中国翻译网+赵丽.pdf

1 4 by jEsSiE CDprep08 语法笔记语法笔记 倍数的用法 倍数的用法 一 倍数表达法一 倍数表达法 1 twice 的用法 的用法 twice as many as twice as much as twice n 可以是代词 比如 that twice what 从句从句 一个大家常误会的句子 The farm has more than twice as many cows as it has pigs 农场有多于猪两倍多的牛的数量 农场牛的数量比猪的两倍还要多 很多人会误读为猪比牛多 解读方法 可以类比 A has B twice as many as C 这个比较句型也可以写为 A has twice as many B as C 所以句子的核心是 A has B 即 The farm has cows 详细解读 twice as as 中前一个 as 是副词 more than twice as 修饰 many 而 as it has pigs 中的 as 自然是个连词 所以后面跟的是一个 adverbial clause 状语从句 副词从句 而 as as 句 型比较特殊 后面的 as 要与前面 as 所修饰的内容相呼应 所以 as it has pigs 应该与前面 as 所修饰的对象 many 相呼应 即 as it has pigs 也是修饰了 many 不管怎么说 as it has pigs 都不是核心成分 这样翻译过来就是农场有牛 相当于两倍多的猪 故 牛多猪少 2 用动词表达倍数 用动词表达倍数 double triple quadruple quintuple sextuple 这些动词可做形容词 double还能做adv predeterminer sth double sth sth is doubled sth double adj 几个永远错误的形式 1 produce double a doubling of produce a doubling 2 as much as twice the apples much 与 apples 矛盾 改为 twice as many apples as sth double sth 这几个动词可以用主动也可以用被动 但是不能和 as 搭配 差不多记住这句话就可以 3 times 或数字或数字 as 形容词或副词形容词或副词 as 4 sb be 百分数百分数 more likely to do sth than to do sth 前面的 to do 能省 后面的不能省 如 at least fifty percent less likely than those who are sedentary to die of a heart attack 前面那个 sb 比 后面那个老坐着的 sb 死于心脏病的可能性低至少 50 5 表达倍数用 表达倍数用 times more adj than time as adj as 都正确都正确 6 三类表示倍数的形容词为 三类表示倍数的形容词为 twofold threefold fourfold tenfold 等 等 以 twofold 为例 其意思为 two times as much or as many of something 该类词为形容词 多用于构成形容词 名词的词组 如 a threefold increase in revenue 少用于比较两个事物之间的倍数关系 二 章振邦语法中介绍的倍数表达法 二 章振邦语法中介绍的倍数表达法 i x times twice the n twice 还能做 determiner ii x times adj 比较形式 than iii x times as adj as 注意里面的 adj 要和前面的名词匹配 A do x times as adj x as B do iv x times what 分句 名词性从句相当于名词 v x fold vi double triple quadruple quintuple sextuple by jEsSiE 2 4 中国翻译网 倍数的用法中国翻译网 倍数的用法 英语表示倍数倍数增减或倍数倍数对比的句型多种多样 其中有一些 如下文中的句型 12 等 见圈码 很容 易译错 其主要原因在于 英汉两语在表述或对比倍数倍数方面存在着语言与思维差异 现将常 用的英语倍倍 数数句型及其正确译法归纳如下 倍数增加倍数增加 一一 A is n times as great long much as B A is n times greater longer more than B A is n times the size length amount of B 以上三句都应译为 A 的大小 长度 数量 是 B 的 n 倍 或 A 比 B 大 长 多 n 1 倍 Eg This book is three times as long as three times longer than three times the length of that one 这本书的篇幅是那本书的 3 倍 即长两倍 注 当相比的对象 B 很明显时 than as of B 常被省去 二 二 increase to n times increase n times n fold increase by n times increase by a factor of n 以上四式均应译为 增加到 n 倍 或 增加 n 1 倍 Eg The production of integrated circuits has been increased to three times as compared with last year 集成电路的产量比去年增加了两倍 Eg The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against l986 化肥产量比 1986 年增加了 4 倍 Eg That can increase metabolic rates by two or three times 那可使代谢率提高到原来的 2 倍或 3 倍 即提高 1 倍或 2 倍 Eg The drain voltage has been increased by a factor of four 漏电压增加了 3 借 即增加到原来的 4 倍 注 在这类句型中 increase 常被 raise grow go step up multiply 等词所替代 三 三 There is a n fold increase growth 应译为 增加 n 倍 或增至 n 倍 这个句型还有其它一些形式 Eg A record high increase in value of four times was reported 据报道 价值破记录地增长了 3 倍 四 四 double 增加 1 倍 treble 增加 2 倍 quadruple 增加 3 倍 Eg The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled 这些机器的效率已提高了 2 倍或 3 倍多 五 五 此外 英语中还有一种用 again 而不用倍数倍数词来比较倍数倍数的方法 如 A is as much large long again as B A is twice as much large long as B 应译为 A 比 B 多 大 长 1 倍 A is half as much large long again as B A is one and a half times as much large long as B 应译为 A 比 B 多 大 长 一半 即 A 是 B 的一倍半 3 4 by jEsSiE 倍数减少倍数减少 一 一 A is n times as small light slow as B A is n times smaller lighter slower than B 以上两句均应译为 A 的大小 重量 速度 是 B 的 1 n 或 A 比 B 小 轻 慢 n 1 n Eg The hydrogen atom is near1y l6 times as light as the oxygen atom 氢原子的重量约为氧原子的 1 16 即比氧原子约轻 15 16 Eg This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper 这种薄膜比普通纸张要薄一半 即是普通纸厚度的 1 2 注 当相比的对象 B 很明显时 than as B 常被省去 二 二 decrease n times n fold decrease by n times decrease by a factor of n 以上三式均译为 减少到 1 n 或 减少 n 1 n decrease 常被 reduce shorten go slow down 等词替代 Eg Switching time of the new type transistor is shortened 3 times 新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了 1 3 即缩短到 2 3 Eg When the voltage is stepped up by ten times the strength of the current is stepped down by ten times 电压升高 9 倍 电流强度便降低 9 10 即 90 Eg The equipment reduced the error probability by a factor of 5 该设备误差概率降低了 4 5 三 三 There is a n fold decrease reduction 应译为 减至 1 n 或 减少 n 一 1 n 这个句型还有其它一些形式 Eg A rapid decrease by a factor of 7 was observed 发现迅速减少到 1 7 Eg The principal advantage of the products is a two fold reduction in weight 这些产品的主要优点是重量减轻了 1 2 从上列倍数倍数增减句型及其译法中不难看出 与汉语不同的是 英语在表述或比较倍数倍数时 无论使用什么句 型 除了不含倍数倍数词的 again 句型外 都包括基础倍数在内 因此都不是净增或净减 n 倍 而是净增或 净 减 n 1 倍 所以句型 表示的倍数倍数增量 句型 句型 13 表示的倍数倍数比差 句型 12 且 decrease by 3 times 应译为 减少 2 3 而不是 减少 3 4 by jEsSiE 4 4 XDF Lily 倍数表示法 倍数表示法 倍数 as as 10 times as big as 倍数 比较级 9 times bigger than lily 的这个语法点有争议 倍数 名词 10 times the size double triple quadruple double as big as double bigger than double the size 均可作为动词 动词用法简洁 优选 The number is more than twice The number more than doubles 优选 as great as or greater than at least as great as 大于等于 小蓝 P292 12 In 1980 the United States exported twice as much of its national output of goods as they had in 1970 A twice as much of its national output of goods as they had B double the amount of their national output of goods as they did C twice as much of its national output of goods as it did D double the amount of its national output of goods as it has E twice as much of their national output of goods as they had 小蓝 P259 72 The number of undergraduate degrees in engineering awarded by colleges and universities in the United States increased by more than twice from 1978 to 1985 A increased by more than twice B increased more than two times C more than doubled D was more than doubled E had more than doubled 小蓝 P309 80 Since 1970 the number of Blacks elected to state and federal offices in the United States has multiplied nearly four times A has multiplied nearly four times B has almost quadrupled C has almost multiplied by four D is almost four times as great E is nearly fourfold what it was 小蓝 P263 88 The Emperor Augustus it appears commissioned an idealized sculptured portrait the features of which are so unrealistic as to constitute what one scholar calls an artificial face A so unrealistic as to constitute B so unrealistic they constituted C so unrealistic that they have constituted D unrealistic enough so that they constitute E unrealistic enough so as to constitute 小蓝 P301 48 According to surveys by the National Institute on Drug Abuse about 20 percent of young adults used cocaine in 1979 doubling th