高中英语虚拟语气语法课件ppt课件.ppt

SubjunctiveMood虚拟语气 IwishI be astallasyou were IwishIwereabird Iwisheveryday be mybirthday were Iwish wishedI eat somuchwatermelon hadn teaten Iwishitwouldraintomorrow wish引导的虚拟句 表示愿望 wish wish接宾语从句有三种情况 1 现在 用过去式2 过去 用过去完成式 haddone 3 将来 用情态动词 would could do IwishIrememberedtheaddress 我要是记得地址就好了 真可惜我忘了 HowIwishhehadnotleft 要是他没有离开这里就好了 他已离开 Iwishitwouldraintomorrow 要是明天下雨就好了 说话人以预料明天不会下雨 wish thatHowIwishIfonly did were现在 haddone过去 would might woulddo将来 虚拟语气 例句 1 Iwishshewouldbeonmyside 我希望她能站在我一边 2 IwishIwere30yearsyounger 我但愿自己能年轻三十岁 3 Iwish that youwouldgetagoodjob 我希望你能找到一个好职业 4 Hewishedhehadn tdoneit 他想要是他没这样做该多好 虚拟语气在 在宾语从句中 虚拟语气 ifonly意为 若是 那该多好啊 真希望 只要 只要 就好表示现在的情况 应用过去式 如果是过去的情况 应用过去完成时态IfonlyIhadarrivedintime Ifonlyshedidn tdrivesofast Ifonly 1 要是就好了 IwishIfonlyIknewhisnamenow Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvicelasttime IfonlyIcouldseehimagainnextyear 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了 Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 要是我没错过火车就好了 英语动词有种语气陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气 用来表示说的话不是事实 或者是不太可能发生的情况 而是一种愿望 建议 假设的语气叫虚拟语气 三 虚拟语气的考点1 条件句中的虚拟语气的用法 2 条件句中虚拟语气的倒装 3 名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法 4 几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法 5 虚拟语气时态的判定 if引导的虚拟条件句 区别 Ifitrainstomorrow thecropswillbesaved Ifitrainedtomorrow thecropswouldbesaved 陈述语气 虚拟语气 IfI timelastnight I toseethefilmwithyou hadhad wouldhavegone Ifhemorecarefully hethecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad IfIhowtoswim Itrappedinthisisland hadlearnt wouldnothavebeen Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful themallwouldnotbeonfirenow Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery IfIwonthelottery Iwould IfIwonthelottery Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar IfIhadalotofmoney Iwouldbuyavilla IfIhadalotofmoneynow Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld Ifitwerefinenow Iwouldgoshopping Ifhegotupearly hewouldbeontime 虚拟语气 例句 Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim 要是你早来几分钟的话 你就能见到他了 与过去事实相反 2 Ifitweresunnytomorrow Iwouldcometoseeyou 明天要是天气好的话 我来看你 与将来事实可能相反 3 IfIwereyou Iwouldgoatonce 假如我是你的话 我会马上走 与现在事实相反 事实上我不可能是你 虚拟语气在在条件从句中 主从句的谓语形式 时间 If从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式 现在 过去 将来 did were haddone would could should might V 原 would could should might have p p 1 did were2 shoulddo3 weretodo would could should might V 原 If 主 did were 主 would should could might 动词原形 IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain 1 如果我是你 我会再试一次 2 如果我有一百万美元 我会买下这架飞机 IfIhadonemilliondollars Iwouldbuytheplane 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 If 主 haddonesth 主 would should could might 动词完成式 havedone Ifhehadworkedhard hewouldhavepassedtheexamination 1 如果他努力学的话 他就通过这次考试 IfIhadmarriedher Iwouldhavebeenunhappy 2 要是当时我和她结了婚的话 那我是很不幸的 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句 与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 通常有时间状语 Ifhecameheretomorrow Iwouldtellhimaboutit Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow Iwouldtellhim 1 如果他明天来的话 我会告诉他这件事 2 如果他明天来的话 我会告诉他 If 主 did wereto shoulddo 主 would should could might 动词原形 If虚拟句的倒装 万一下雨 我们将不得不推迟比赛 wewillhavetoputoffthesportsmeet Incaseitrains Incaseofrain Ifitshouldrain Shoulditrain 如果条件状语中有were had should时 可以倒装成 Were Should Had 主 其他 WereIyou Hadhebeenthereyesterday Shoulditsnowtomorrow IfIwereyou Iwouldtryitagain Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday hewouldhaveseenthefilm Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow wewouldn tgoout 如果我是你 我会再试一次 如果他昨天在那儿的话 他就会看那部电影了 如果明天下雪 我们就不出去了 1 theexam hewouldhaveattendacollege A IfhepassedB HadhepassedC WerehepassedD Ifheshouldpass 2 fiveminutesearlier youcouldhaveseenthemoff A IfyoushouldarriveB IfyouarriveC HadyouarrivedD Shouldyouarrive 名词性从句中的虚拟语气及几种虚拟语气特殊句型 1 表示要求 命令 建议的虚拟语气 一个坚持 两个命令 三个建议 四个要求1 insist2 order command3 advise suggest propose advice suggestion proposal 4 demand require request desire这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气 即从句中的动词使用should 动词原形 或者将should省略 Mydemandisthatshe come toseemeonceaweek Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalworks be closeddown Hesuggestedthatwe go toBeijingforsightseeing Theproposalthatwe go outforapicnicwaswarmlywelcomed should go should come should be should go 表语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 Wesuggestthatyou should bethereontime Oursuggestionisthatyou should bethereontime Itisoursuggestionthatyou should bethereontime Itissuggestedthatyou should bethereontime 注意 如suggest insist用于其本意 暗示 表明 坚持认为 时 宾语从句用陈述语气 1 Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody obey therules 2 Heinsistedthatshe be seriouslyillandthat send tohospitalsatonce 3 Hesuggestedthatwe have ameetingatonce 4 Hispalefacesuggestedthathe be ill obey was besent have was 2020 1 29 41 可编辑 虚拟语气 4 在句型 Itisimportant necessary strange natural that 中 that后面的从句中的谓语动词用 should 动词原形 例句 1 It snecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow 我们有必要出去散散步 2 It snaturalthatsheshoulddoso 她这样做是很自然的 3 It simportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient 重要的是我们要照顾好病人 虚拟语气在在主语从句中 主语从句中的虚拟语气基本句型 Itissuggested ordered proposed required demanded requested insisted should doItisimportant necessary natural desirable strange advisable imperative Itisapity ashame nowonder 考题点击 1 Isitnecessarythathe theexamination A takesB hastotakeC musttakeD take2 Itisstrangethathe youthis A wouldtellB shouldtellC hadtoldD hastold D B Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse Buthedoesn townitorprobablydoesn townitorwedon tknowwhetherheownsitornot HetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself 虚拟语气 6 在asif从句中 常用虚拟形式 即表示与现在事实相反 用过去式 与过去事实相反用过去完成式 haddone 一 asif asthough 连接表语从句shelookedasifsheweremadeofice 她看起来似乎是冰做的helookedasifhehadn tsleptfortwodays 二 asif连接让步状语从句Shelookedaftertheboyasifhewereherownson 她照顾这男孩就像自己的儿子一样 Hespeakstousasifhehadbeenthere 他给我们讲的好象他去过那儿 虚拟语气在在asif从句中 asif though Clause 现在 过去 将来 did were 现在 haddone 过去 would 动词原形 将来 区别 HespeaksEnglishasif thoughheisfromtheUSA 陈述语气 HespeaksEnglishasif thoughhewerefromtheUSA 虚拟语气 虚拟语气 It s high right timethat that从句要用虚拟语气 谓语用过去时或should doIt stimethatyoulefthere Itishightimethatthechildrenshouldgotobed 虚拟语气中的几个特例 It s about high time that should V 过去时 你该走了 我们该睡觉了 It shightimethatyouwent It shightimethatyoushouldgo It s about timethatwewenttobed It stimethatweshouldgotobed 虚拟语气 在would had rather 宁愿 引导的宾语从句中 虚拟语气中的几个特例 1 wouldratherthat 现在 过去 未来 过去时 过去完成时 过去时 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Don tcome Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 虚拟语气 4 一些介词短语 如 butfor 要不是 without otherwise 否则 inthatcase 如果是那样的话 表示含蓄的条件 这时主句要用虚拟语气Without Butforyourhelp wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress 虚拟语气中的几个特例 有时为了表达需要 并不总是出现if引导的条件句 而通过其他手段来代替条件句 1 Iwasillthatday 0therwise I take partinthesportsmeet 2 I give youmorehelp butIwastoobusy 3 Amanwhostoppeddrinking be deadinsevendays 4 Butforwater it be impossibletoliveinthedesert wouldhavetaken mighthavegiven wouldbe wouldbe 虚拟语气时态的判定 注意 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致情况下的虚拟语气 混合条件句 这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整 如果我是你 我就听从他的建议 IfIwereyou Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice 从句表示现在 主句表示过去 如果你听我的话 现在就不会这么糟糕了 从句表示过去 主句表示现在 如果这些天一直没下雨 我们现在可以进行工作了 从句表过去进行 主句表现在进行 Ifyouhadlistenedtome youmightnotbeinsuchtroublenow Ifithadn tbeenrainingthosedays weshouldbegoingonwiththeworks Ifyouhadfollowedmyadvice youwouldbeabletofinishtheworknow 如果你当时听了我的话 现在就能完成这份工作了 从句说明过去 主句说明现在 IfIwereyou Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty 如果我是你 我就去参加她的生日晚会了 从句说明现在 主句说明过去 Ifyouhadn tlentmesomemoney Icouldn thaveboughtthenewhouseandmostlikelyIwouldbestilllivinginthedangeroushousenow 假若你不借钱给我 我不可能买下这幢新房 很可能现在还住在危房里 从句说明过去 主句说明过去和现在 1 如果过去天气好的话 现在庄稼长得更好了 Iftheweather finer thecrops stillbetter 2 如果你听了老师的建议的话 你现在就不会在医院里了 Ifyou theteacher sadvice you inthehospital 3 如果你身体状况好一些的话 我们本可能会让你去帮助他们工作的 Ifyouinbetterhealth we youtogotheretohelptheirwork hadbeen couldhaveallowed wouldbegrowing hadfollowed wouldn tbe were 虚拟语气 Alan thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon A wouldhavemissedB hadmissedC wouldmissD missed2 IfIhadknownyouwerecoming I youattheairport A hadmetB metC wouldmeetD wouldhavemet MoreExercises A D 虚拟语气 3 IfonlyI tomyparents ButIdidn t A listenedB hadlistenedC shouldlistenD wouldlisten4 TomsuggestedthatAnn thehouse A sellB soldC shallsellD wouldsell5 Iwishthisbus totheuniversity A goB wentC hasgoneD hadgone B A B 虚拟语气 6 Simonlooksasthoughhenever asquaremeal 吃得饱 thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell A getB gettingC gotD shouldget7 HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe there A hadbeenB wereC wasD been8 I yousomemoney butIhadn tgotanythen A wouldlendB wouldhavelentC couldlendD mayhavelent C A B 虚拟语气 9 HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing No butIwishI A haveB willC doD had10 Idon tthinkitistherighttimethatyou A willgoB wentC goD mustgo11 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken D B C PracticeFinishawritingpassage accordingtotheChinesegiven Jim刚刚做完左腿手术而被告诉一个月不能走动 他后悔如果前一天晚上没有玩电脑游戏 今天早晨就可以早点儿起床 也就不会因为怕迟到而撞倒致使自己住院了 妈妈也因为儿子没有按时睡觉而在责备他 同时Jim也在遗憾下周的运动会不能参加了 预想的400米冠军也不能得到了 PracticeCompletethefollowingpassagewiththeverbsinbrackets usingtheSubjunctiveMood Jimhasjusthadanoperationonhisleg Hewastoldhewouldhavetostayinbedforatleastthreemonths Nowheregretswhathedid Theaccidentwouldnothavehappenedifhehadnotbeensofoolish He notwakeup solatethatmorningifhe notstayup latethenightbeforeplayingcomputergames wouldn thavewokenup hadn tstayedup Jim smotheragreed Ifmyson getup halfanhourearlier he notride hisbikesocrazily Jim smotherblamedJiminfrontofthedoctor Ifhe follow adviceandgonetobedearlier he spend moretimeonhiswaytoschoolandhe nothit atreebythestreet hadgotup wouldn thaveridden had followed couldhavespent would thavehit Yes indeed Mum answeredJiminalowvoice ButyouknowifI notnotice thelittlegirlcrossingthestreetallofasudden I knock herdown Myleg notinjure andinsteadofmethegirl take tohospital hadn tnoticed wouldhaveknocked would havebeeninjured wouldhavebeentaken Lyinginbed Jimkeptonsaying HowIwishI be morecareful Mum Itwastruethatifthisaccidenthadnothappened Jim find himselfsittingintheclassroomenjoyinghisclass Andit be possibleevenforhimtowinthe400 meterraceinthesportscompetitionifhe join themthenextweek hadbeen wouldfound wouldbe couldjoin sothat与inorderthat二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用may might can could etc 动词原形Shestayedathomeforafewdayssothatshemighthavemoretimetostudyit Shelistenedcarefullyinorderthatsheminghtdiscoverexactlywhathewanted Hewenttothestationinataxisothatheshould