中考介词复习讲解及练习.doc

中考英语介词复习案九年级英语备课组 序号： 时间：2011. 3. 11目标：通过本节复习，较好地掌握介词的用法，并能灵活应用。（一）仔细阅读并掌握以下内容：一、介词作用分类：在时 in, on, at 表示时间在期间 during, for, from to其它 before, after, since, until, till, between, by在某地 in, at在上面/下面 on, over, _, _, _表示方位 在前面/后面 before, in (the) front of, _, _在中间 between, _ , in the middle/center of在旁边 near, by, beside在里面/外面 inside, outside到，朝，向 to, at, for从 from, off介词表示方向 进入；从出来 into, out of经过，通过，穿过 _, _, _表示方式、手段、方法 by, in, with在方面 in, at除以外_,_, but其它关于 _, _有，没有 with, without代替 _固定搭配中的介词 look after, 二、常见介词基本用法：介词 意义常用搭配about大约，关于worry about, What about ？talk aboutacross横越，经过go acrossafter在之后look after, after school, after ten oclockamong在之间（三个或以上）among friends, among the mountainsat在（某时刻、状态、速度、价钱等）at work, at a price of, arrive at, at the moment, at the age of, throw at, be good atbefore在前before class, before lunchbetween在两者之间betweenand by在旁边，通过（方式），乘（车），到止by bus, by the end of, by last yearduring在期间during the summer holidayfor为了，向，因为leave for, be good for, for a whilefrom从，自，离from to, come from, hear fromin 在里，用（语言），穿in a week, in spring, in 2003, in time, in English, in blue, spendin doinglike像look likeof的a map of China, hear of, a waste of timeoff离开, 脱离take off, turn off on在上，在某天（的早上等），在进行，关于on duty, on business, on holiday, on Saturday, on the morning of Aprilover在上方，超过all over the world, over the river, go over, look oversince自从since 2001, since last year, since two years agothrough通过（从内部），经过go throughto到，朝get to, go to the zoo, to ones surpriseunder在下面under the treewith和，对，用，附带有with the help of, helpwith, come up with, talk with, play with, be strict withwithout没有without help, without breakfast三、几组易混介词的区别：1in, at, on表示时间、地点的区别 指时间时，in表示一段时间，如：年、月、星期、四季或morning, afternoon, evening(注意：noon, night前用at), 但当morning或Sunday等前有this, that, next, last等词修饰时，介词须省去。 at多用于钟点时刻前，所表示的时间大多比较短暂，如：at seven, at a quarter to eleven on主要用在星期几、具体某一天或某一天的早、午、晚或节日前，如：on Mid-Autumn Day, On June 2nd等。 指地点时，in表示“国家”“城市”等大地方，如：in Shanghai, in China等；at表示某一点或用于小地点前。in表示“在里面、内部、某一范围内”，on表示“在上”，注意比较：on the tree表示树上长的东西“在树上”in the tree表示人或其他东西“在树上”on the wall表示东西张贴或挂“在墙上”in the wall表示门、窗等嵌“在墙上”2in, to, on表示方位的区别 in表示在某一地区之内的方位（属于该范围）；on表示与某一地区的毗邻关系；to表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）。它们所表示的位置关系恰似数学中圆的“包含（in）、相离（to）、相切（on）”关系。e.g. Shandong is in the east of China.Japan is to the east of China.North Korea is on the east of China.3Between和among的区别Between常指“在（两者）之间”；among用于指“在（三者或三者以上的人或物）之间。e.g. The bookshop is between the post office and the police station. He is sitting among the boys and telling them stories.4over、above和on的区别above和over都表示“在上方”，above指在上方的任意一点，表示在某物上的高低位置，不接触，其反义词是below；over一般指垂直方向，其反义词是under；on表示“在上面”，且互相接触。e.g. The plane is flying above us in the sky.There is a bridge over the river.There is a book on the desk.5Since和for的区别 since后常接时间点，表示“从时候以来”；for后常接时间段，表示“多长时间了”。e.g. I have had the book since last month. I have had the book for a month.6in front of和 in/at the front of的区别in front of指“在某人或某物的前面（范围之外）”；in/at the front of指“在某一物体或空间范围的前部（范围之内）”。e.g. There is a tall tree in front of the house. Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.7in和after表示“时间”时的区别in和after表示时间时都是“在以后”的意思，in表示从现在算起到若干时间以后，用于一般将来时、过去将来时；in只可接时间段，after除接时间段以外，还可接时间点。e.g. Hell be back in half an hour. Tom came home after he finished the work.8until和by的区别by意为“不迟于某时间”，其前多用短暂性动词；until用于否定句中，意为“直到才”，其前的谓语动词多用短暂的；用在肯定句中，意为“直到为止”，其前谓语动词须用延续性动词。e.g. He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. I had learned 3,000 English words by the end of last year.9besides和except的区别Except表示“除之外”（不再有）”，指从整体中排除except所带的人或物，前面常有all, every, any, no及其他复合词，但在否定句中，except却没有排斥性；besides表示“除了之外（还有）”，它的意义是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物，其前常有another, other, any other, a few等词。e.g. We all went to the cinema except Li Lei last night. We have seen the film besides Tom and Jane.10of sb.与for sb.的区别（1）of sb. 表示“对于（某人）”，用于It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.句型中，形容词为clever, kind, nice等描述人物性格特征的词，of后的人物与形容词有主表关系。e.g. Its kind of you to help me. (You are kind.)（2）for sb. 表示“对于（某人）”，用于It is + adj. +for sb. to do sth.句型中，形容词为easy, important等不是描述人物性格特征的词，for后的人物与形容词没有主表关系。e.g. Its important for you to finish the work.四、“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”的区别英语中动词短语有两类：“动词+介词”“动词+副词”。前者宾语只可放在介词后，后者当宾语为名词时可放在副词之前或之后，当宾语为代词时则放在动词和副词之间。“动词+介词”：look after, look like, look at, arrive at, get to, listen to, talk with, agree to, agree with, point at, hear from等。e.g. The building looks like a kite.“动词+副词”：put on, take off, turn on/off/up/down, put away, write down, look up, try on等。e.g. Please take off your coat. Its hot here in the room. OK. Ill take it off at once.（二）认真思考，完成下列题目：五、中考真题演练1. _ the afternoon of April 30th, many foreign visitors arrived _ Shanghai. A. In; at B. On; in C. On; to2. -I joined the League _ May 2008. What about you? -Ive been a League member _three years. A. in; for B. on; in C. on; for D. in; since3. -What time do you expct me back, Mum? -Say, _ half an hour. A. at B. before C. in D. for4. Mr Yangs daughter is pretty good _ drawing pictures and won many prizes. A. with B. for C. in D. at 5. People _ the southwest of China were in great need of water a couple of months ago. A. in B. at C. to D. on6. Remember to spend some time _ your loved ones, because theyre not going to be around forever. A. from B. with C. in D.on7. -When did your uncle arrive _ China? -He got to Guangzhou _ the morning of the 16th of April. A. at; in B. in; in C. to; on D. in; on8. Youd better not always look up the new words _ the dictionary while reading. Sometimes we need to guess. A. in B. on C. at D. from9. -Its very important _ us to make a plan before a new term. -Yes. You must try to make it carefully. A. of B. for C. to10. -Guess, how much does it cost? -I think it costs _ 15 and 20 dollars. A. from B. between C. among D. with 11. Here are some flowers _ you _ our best wishes. A. to; for B. for; with C. of; to D. from; to12. Many kinds of wild animals are _. We must do something to save time. A. in fact B. on holiday C. on time D. in danger13. -It is said that a new zoo will be built in our town. -Im _ it. Zoos are terrible for animals. A. through B. besides C. against D. except14. Do you know that Fujian is _ the west of Taiwan? A. to B. in C. on15. -When were you born? -I was born _ the morning of May 7th, 1995. A. in B. on C. at16. -Is the tie made _ silk? -Yes. Its made _ Italy. A. from; in B. of; in C. from; of D. of; from17. -Can you see some people are waiting _ the library? -Yes. They are standing in a queue in front of its gate. A. around B. inside C. outside18. I like flowers. Im going to buy a house _ a small garden in front of it. A. in B. near C. with D. between六、强化练习。1. -When do you usually go walking? -_ Friday evening. A. On B. In C. At D. For2. I think the street is too narrow for buses to go _. A. in B. on C. across D. through3. Id like to see some places of interest _ the south of China. A. in B. on C. at D. from4. What do you mean _ “fast food”, please? A. for B. in C. by D. with5. I have to go to work _ foot tomorrow, because there is something wrong _ my bike. A. on; about B. with; about C. by; with D. on; with6. -Can you tell me the differences _ the three words? -Sorry. I dont know. A. among B. between C. with D. about7. These shoes are quite different _ size. A. from B. of C. to D. in8. -Have you ever heard _ Mr. Green? -Yes, just a little. Hes a famous doctor. A. from B. of C. through D. out9. A good teacher should be strict _ his work and _ his students. A. with; in B. with; with C. in; with D. in; in10. The Great Wall is used to stop the wind _ blowing the earth away. A. to B. in C. from D. for11. The boy came early and sat _ the class so that he could hear the teacher clearly. A. in front of B. in the front of C. on front of D. on the front of 12. I have lived in this small city _. A. for ten years B. for ten years ago C. since I am born D. since ten years13. I hav